Hassan Ragab Hassan Abd El Salaam, Omnia Mohammed El Shihi And Lamiaa Nabil Sherif Samaha,

ABSTRACT
The Present Study Was Done To Evaluate The Effect Of Three Different Surface Treatment On Shear Bond Strength Of Machined Titanium Ceramic Interface, Twenty Five Titanium Rods Were Used ( Five Rods For Each Group 20mm Length ? 5.7mm Diameter ) For Porcelain Application .

Materials and Methods: The Twenty Five Sample Were Divided Into Five Groups According To Method Of Treatment To Be Carried Out . Group I : Control No Treatment Done. Group II : Sand Blasting Only Using 150�m Al2O3 Particles. Group III : Immersion In Caustic Bath (50% NaOH-10% CuSO4. 5H2O) At 105�C Followed By Sand Blasting Using 150�m Al2O3 Particles. Group IV : Sandblasting Followed By Caustic Bath. Group V : Laser Etching Using Experimental (Nd:YAG Laser).

Results: The Groups Were Scanned Using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) After The Treatment Done And Before Porcelain Application. Specimens Were Photographed Using Digital Microscope (Surface Roughness Test) (Ra) To Evaluate Which Method Of Treatment Produced Higher Values. Porcelain Application Was Done With Dimensions 4mm In Length, 5.7mm In Diameter. Samples Of Each Group Were Fixed In The Universal Testing Machine To Measure The Shear Bond Strength Between Titanium And Porcelain After Different Surface Treatment. Scanning Of The Failed Samples Using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) Of Both Metal And Porcelain Surfaces And Digitally Using High Resolution Camera.