A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_URI::$config is deprecated
Filename: core/URI.php
Line Number: 101
Backtrace:
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Router::$uri is deprecated
Filename: core/Router.php
Line Number: 127
Backtrace:
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: Warning
Message: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/system/core/Exceptions.php:271)
Filename: core/Security.php
Line Number: 274
Backtrace:
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Edj::$benchmark is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 75
Backtrace:
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/application/controllers/Edj.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Edj::$hooks is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 75
Backtrace:
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/application/controllers/Edj.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Edj::$config is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 75
Backtrace:
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/application/controllers/Edj.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Edj::$log is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 75
Backtrace:
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/application/controllers/Edj.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Edj::$utf8 is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 75
Backtrace:
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/application/controllers/Edj.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Edj::$uri is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 75
Backtrace:
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/application/controllers/Edj.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Edj::$exceptions is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 75
Backtrace:
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/application/controllers/Edj.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Edj::$router is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 75
Backtrace:
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/application/controllers/Edj.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Edj::$output is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 75
Backtrace:
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/application/controllers/Edj.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Edj::$security is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 75
Backtrace:
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/application/controllers/Edj.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Edj::$input is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 75
Backtrace:
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/application/controllers/Edj.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Edj::$lang is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 75
Backtrace:
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/application/controllers/Edj.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Edj::$load is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 78
Backtrace:
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/application/controllers/Edj.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Return type of CI_Session_database_driver::open($save_path, $name) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::open(string $path, string $name): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice
Filename: drivers/Session_database_driver.php
Line Number: 129
Backtrace:
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/application/controllers/Edj.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Return type of CI_Session_database_driver::close() should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::close(): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice
Filename: drivers/Session_database_driver.php
Line Number: 280
Backtrace:
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/application/controllers/Edj.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Return type of CI_Session_database_driver::read($session_id) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::read(string $id): string|false, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice
Filename: drivers/Session_database_driver.php
Line Number: 151
Backtrace:
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/application/controllers/Edj.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Return type of CI_Session_database_driver::write($session_id, $session_data) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::write(string $id, string $data): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice
Filename: drivers/Session_database_driver.php
Line Number: 208
Backtrace:
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/application/controllers/Edj.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Return type of CI_Session_database_driver::destroy($session_id) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::destroy(string $id): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice
Filename: drivers/Session_database_driver.php
Line Number: 297
Backtrace:
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/application/controllers/Edj.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Return type of CI_Session_database_driver::gc($maxlifetime) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::gc(int $max_lifetime): int|false, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice
Filename: drivers/Session_database_driver.php
Line Number: 335
Backtrace:
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/application/controllers/Edj.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: Warning
Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 282
Backtrace:
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/application/controllers/Edj.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: Warning
Message: session_set_cookie_params(): Session cookie parameters cannot be changed after headers have already been sent
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 289
Backtrace:
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/application/controllers/Edj.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: Warning
Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 304
Backtrace:
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/application/controllers/Edj.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: Warning
Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 314
Backtrace:
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/application/controllers/Edj.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: Warning
Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 315
Backtrace:
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/application/controllers/Edj.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: Warning
Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 316
Backtrace:
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/application/controllers/Edj.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: Warning
Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 317
Backtrace:
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/application/controllers/Edj.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: Warning
Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 375
Backtrace:
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/application/controllers/Edj.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Edj::$db is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 396
Backtrace:
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/application/controllers/Edj.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_DB_mysqli_driver::$failover is deprecated
Filename: database/DB_driver.php
Line Number: 371
Backtrace:
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/application/controllers/Edj.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: Warning
Message: session_set_save_handler(): Session save handler cannot be changed after headers have already been sent
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 110
Backtrace:
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/application/controllers/Edj.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: Warning
Message: session_start(): Session cannot be started after headers have already been sent
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 143
Backtrace:
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/application/controllers/Edj.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Edj::$session is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 1283
Backtrace:
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/application/controllers/Edj.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Javascript::$CI is deprecated
Filename: libraries/Javascript.php
Line Number: 81
Backtrace:
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/application/controllers/Edj.php
Line: 9
Function: library
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Jquery::$CI is deprecated
Filename: Javascript/Jquery.php
Line Number: 110
Backtrace:
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/application/controllers/Edj.php
Line: 9
Function: library
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: strpos(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($haystack) of type string is deprecated
Filename: libraries/Javascript.php
Line Number: 657
Backtrace:
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/application/controllers/Edj.php
Line: 9
Function: library
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Edj::$jquery is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 1283
Backtrace:
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/application/controllers/Edj.php
Line: 9
Function: library
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Javascript::$js is deprecated
Filename: libraries/Javascript.php
Line Number: 86
Backtrace:
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/application/controllers/Edj.php
Line: 9
Function: library
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Edj::$javascript is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 1283
Backtrace:
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/application/controllers/Edj.php
Line: 9
Function: library
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Edj::$form_validation is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 1283
Backtrace:
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/application/controllers/Edj.php
Line: 10
Function: library
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Edj::$mode is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 358
Backtrace:
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/application/controllers/Edj.php
Line: 13
Function: model
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Edj::$Image_model is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 358
Backtrace:
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/application/controllers/Edj.php
Line: 14
Function: model
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$benchmark is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 931
Backtrace:
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/application/controllers/Edj.php
Line: 139
Function: view
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$hooks is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 931
Backtrace:
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/application/controllers/Edj.php
Line: 139
Function: view
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$config is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 931
Backtrace:
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/application/controllers/Edj.php
Line: 139
Function: view
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$log is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 931
Backtrace:
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/application/controllers/Edj.php
Line: 139
Function: view
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$utf8 is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 931
Backtrace:
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/application/controllers/Edj.php
Line: 139
Function: view
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$uri is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 931
Backtrace:
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/application/controllers/Edj.php
Line: 139
Function: view
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$exceptions is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 931
Backtrace:
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/application/controllers/Edj.php
Line: 139
Function: view
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$router is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 931
Backtrace:
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/application/controllers/Edj.php
Line: 139
Function: view
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$output is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 931
Backtrace:
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/application/controllers/Edj.php
Line: 139
Function: view
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$security is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 931
Backtrace:
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/application/controllers/Edj.php
Line: 139
Function: view
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$input is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 931
Backtrace:
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/application/controllers/Edj.php
Line: 139
Function: view
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$lang is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 931
Backtrace:
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/application/controllers/Edj.php
Line: 139
Function: view
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$load is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 931
Backtrace:
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/application/controllers/Edj.php
Line: 139
Function: view
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$db is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 931
Backtrace:
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/application/controllers/Edj.php
Line: 139
Function: view
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$session is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 931
Backtrace:
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/application/controllers/Edj.php
Line: 139
Function: view
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$jquery is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 931
Backtrace:
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/application/controllers/Edj.php
Line: 139
Function: view
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$javascript is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 931
Backtrace:
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/application/controllers/Edj.php
Line: 139
Function: view
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$form_validation is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 931
Backtrace:
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/application/controllers/Edj.php
Line: 139
Function: view
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$mode is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 931
Backtrace:
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/application/controllers/Edj.php
Line: 139
Function: view
File: /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
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EDJ
FLEXURAL STRENGTH OF SHORT ZIRCONIA CORE COMPLETED WITH DIFFERENT TECHNIQES
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Volume 1 No 1
246
Ahmed Nabil Roshdy, Maged Hakim And Lamiaa Khairallah ,
ABSTRACT
The Purpose Of This Study Is To Evaluate The Bond Strength Of Zirconia Core To Ceramic Veneer At Different Marginal Dimensions.
Materials and Methods: A Stainless Steel Die Resembling A Prepared Mandibular Premolar Was Machined To Allow Standardization Of The Prepared Crowns. Total Number Of Forty Ceramic Crowns Were Fabricated Using This Die. The Samples Were Then Divided Into Four Groups According To The Axial Distances From The Core To The Finish Line That Was Completed With The Veneering Material. Group 1: Zirconium Oxide Core Fabricated Till The Finish Line, Group 2: Zirconium Core 0.5 Mm Short Of The Finish Line, Group 3: Zirconium Oxide Core 1mm Short Of The Finish Line, Group 4: Zirconium Oxide Core 1.5mm Short Of The Finish Line. The Core Was Veneered And The Short Core Margins Were Completed Using Zipress Veneering Material. Then Each Group Was Thermocycled 1500 Cycles Between 5-55�C. The Samples Were Then Tested For Flexure Strength.
Results: There Was A Statistically Significant Decrease In Fracture Resistance After Thermocycling Within Each Of The Four Different Groups.
Conclusion : The Bond Strength Of Zirconia Core And The Veneering Material Might Be Affected By The Difference In The Thermal Conductivity Between Both Materials.
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