Message: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home1/ab8102/public_html/edjcode/system/core/Exceptions.php:271)
Message: Return type of CI_Session_database_driver::open($save_path, $name) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::open(string $path, string $name): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice
Message: Return type of CI_Session_database_driver::close() should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::close(): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice
Message: Return type of CI_Session_database_driver::read($session_id) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::read(string $id): string|false, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice
Message: Return type of CI_Session_database_driver::write($session_id, $session_data) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::write(string $id, string $data): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice
Message: Return type of CI_Session_database_driver::destroy($session_id) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::destroy(string $id): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice
Message: Return type of CI_Session_database_driver::gc($maxlifetime) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::gc(int $max_lifetime): int|false, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice
ABSTRACT
Objective: The Objective Of This Study Was To Compare The Platform- Switched And Non-platform Switched Implants For Complete Implant Assisted Mandibular Overdenture In Controlled Type II Diabetic Patients Clinically And Radiographically.
Materials and Methods: Ten Controlled Type II Diabetic Male Patients Were Selected For This Study. Split Mouth Study Design Was Used In This Study Where, Group I Represented The Right Side Of The Patients� Mandibular Interforamenal Region Restored With Platform-switched Implant And Group II Represented The Left Side Of The Patients� Mandibular Interforamenal Region Restored With Non-platform Implants. The Patients Received Complete Mandibular Assisted Overdenture With O-ring Attachment. Clinical And Radiographic Evaluations Were Carried Out For Every Patient At Regular Recall Visits At The Time Of Insertion, 6, 12 And 18 Months. At The End Of The Study, All Implants Of Both Groups Were Successfully Osseointegrated. The Data Of This Study Were Collected, Tabulated And Statistically Analyzed By IBM-SPSS Statistics Software (Independent T-test Samples). There Were Insignificant Differences Between Both Groups Regarding Plaque Index, Bleeding Index, Pocket Depth And Stability Of The Implants. Radiographically, There Were Significant Differences In The Mandibular Bone Density At The Bone Implant Interface And Marginal Bone Loss Between Both Groups. Group I Implants Represented Less Marginal Bone Loss And Higher Bone Density Than Group II Implants.
Conclusion: Platform-Switched Dental Implant Is The Implant Of Choice Particularly In Controlled Type II Diabetic Patients To Control Marginal Bone Loss Around Implants.
Aim: To Evaluate The Accuracy Of Cone-beam Computed Tomography Versus Photostimulated Phosphor Plate In Detection Of Dental Root Fractures. Methods: Sixty-six Extracted Human Mandibular (28 Anterior And 38 Posterior) Teeth Were Included In This Study. Teeth Were Divided Into Two Groups: First Group (33 Teeth): The Control Group (non-fractured Teeth) And The Second Group (33 Teeth): The Induced Fracture Group. The Second Group Was Divided Into 3 Equal Subgroups Each Of Which Had 11 Teeth With Induced Horizontal, Vertical And Oblique Root Fractures Respectively. After Induction Of RFs, The Fractured And Non-fractured Teeth Were Coded By Numbers From 1 To 66 Using Black Pen And Then All The Teeth Were Recorded According To The Presence Or Absence Of Fracture And The Type Of The Fracture. Inlay Wax Was Then Added Around The Roots Of All Teeth Within The Sockets Of The Dry Human Mandibles. All Teeth Were Then Radiographed Using Two Techniques: Digital Radiographs Were Taken Using Digora Optime ) Soredex, Tuusula, Finland) Size 2 PSP Plate And A Standard Dental X-ray Unit And CBCT Images Were Taken Using Planmeca CBCT Unit.
Results: The Sensitivity Of The CBCT Regarding The Detection Of Fracture Lines (75.27%) Was Greater Than That For The PSP Plate (68.81%). The Specificity Of The CBCT (91.39%) Was Greater Than That For The PSP Plate (specificity =73.11%). Conclusion: CBCT Images Have Higher Sensitivity And Specificity In Detecting The Different Types Of RFs Vertical, Horizontal Or Oblique Root Fractures Compared To PSP Plate. CBCT Are More Accurate Than PSP Plate In Detection Of Vertical, Horizontal And Oblique Root Fractures.
ABSTRACT
Objective: The Purpose Of This Study Was To Evaluate The Effect Of Herbal Irrigation (Green Tea Extract And Garlic Extract) On Micro Hardness Of Root Canal Dentin.
Materials and Methods: Twenty Human Single Rooted Mandibular Premolars Were Decoronated, The Root Length Was Determined. Instrumentation Was Done Using Revo S Rotary Files, Samples Were Divided Into Four Groups; Two Experimental Groups Of 7n Each (n = 7) And Two Control Groups (positive And Negative) Of 3 In Each (n = 3) According To The Irrigants Used During And After Instrumentation. Group I: Green Tea Extract, Group II: Garlic Extract, Group III: Sodium Hypochlorite 5.25% And EDTA 17% (positive Control), Group IV: Distilled Water (negative Control). The Roots Were Split Longitudinally And Prepared To Measure Dentin Microhardness. Quantitative Data Presented By Mean And SD,�Friedman Test, Mannwhiteny Test And Kruskal Wall Is Test Were Used.
Results: The Highest Microhardness Values Were Recorded For Distilled Water Followed By Green Tea And Garlic Extracts Respectively And The Lowest Values Were Given By Sodium Hypochlorite With EDTA. There Was Statistically Non-significant Difference Between Garlic Extract And Sodium Hypochlorite With EDTA On Microhardness Of The Root Canal.
Conclusions: It Was Concluded That The Use Of Herbal Extracts As Irrigant Regimen Will Not Hamper The Root Dentin Microhardness When Compared With Conventional Irrigations Regimens.
Purpose: This Study Evaluated The Influence Of Different Surface Conditioners On The Push-out Bond Strength Between A Glass Fiber Post Surface And Self-adhesive Resin Cement.
Methods: Twenty-one Sound, Single Rooted Canines Were Selected And Were Endodontically Treated Using Protaper Rotary System And Post Space Preparation Was Performed. Twenty-one Glass Fiber Posts (Glassix-Plus, Nordin) Were Divided Into Three Groups According To Different Surface Treatments Subjected To Glass Fiber Posts: Group 1: No Treatment And Silane Application Only (G1); Group 2: Immersion In 95% Ethyl Alcohol For 10 Minutes Followed By Silane Application (G2); Group 3: Immersion In 20% H2O2 For 10 Minutes Followed By Silane Application (G3). Self-adhesive Resin Cement (G-Cem) Was Used For Cementation Of The Glass Fiber Posts To The Root Canal Dentin. Two Slices ( Coronal And Middle Sections) Of 2 Mm Thick Were Sectioned From Each Root Using ISOMET Machine. A Universal Testing Machine Was Used With A Cross-head Speed Of 1 Mm/minute For Performing The Push Out Bond Strength Tests. Two-way ANOVA And Tukey Post Hoc Tests Were Used For Analyzing Data (?=0.05). The Effect Of Different Root Section Location On The Push-out Bond Strength Of Self-adhesive Resin Cement Was Also Evaluated. Failure Mode Of Root Sections Were Then Examined Under Stereomicroscope (50X Magnification) After Dislodgment Of Fiber Posts.
Results: ANOVA Indicated Significant Differences Among Surface Treatments (p<0.05). Regarding The Effect Of Post Surface Treatment Regardless Of Other Variables, The Results Revealed That Both Groups G3 And G2 Had A Significant Higher Bond Strength Values Than Group G1 , While There Is No Significant Statistical Difference Between Groups G2 And G3 . Group G1 Had Lowest Bond Strength Values Among Other Groups (p<0.05). Regarding The Effect Of Root Section Location Regardless Of Other Variables, The Results Revealed That Middle Third Root Section Showed A Significant Higher Bond Strength Values Than Coronal Third Root Section. SEM Analysis Showed Mixed And Adhesive Types Of Failure In All Groups.
Hypothesis: The Use Of Different Surface Treatment Could Improve The Chemical-mechanical Interaction Between Fiber Posts And Resin Cements, Thus Improving The Performance Of Clinical Application Of These Materials In Endodontic Treated Teeth.
Clinical Significance: Within The Parameters Of This Study, The Bonding Capability Of Self-adhesive Resin Cements To Glass Fiber Posts Were Affected By Different Post Surface Pre-treatments. Post Surfaces Treated With 20% H2O2or 95% Ethyl Alcohol Showed Significantly Stronger Bond Interactions To Self-adhesive Resin Cement Than Those Only Treated With Silane Application.
Objectives: Evaluate The Effect Of Air Abrasion With Different Class III Cavity Restored With Composite On Tensile Failure Load.
Method: 40 Extracted Primary Incisors Were Selected Then Mounted In Self-cured Acrylic Resin In PVC Molds. Standard Cavity Preparations Were Prepared. Teeth Were Divided, According To Preparation Technique, Into Four Groups Of 10 Teeth Each. Group A (conventional Class III Cavity), Group B (modified Class III Cavity With 0.5 Mm Labial Bevel), Group C (conventional Class III Cavity With Air Abrasion), Group D (beveled Class III Cavity With Air Abrasion). Group C And D, Treated By An Air Abrasive System Using 50 �m Aluminum Oxide Particles Stream Perpendicularly To The Surface. Then Restored With Composite And St St Wire Was Looped And Embedded In Composite. The Retention Force Were Tested By Universal Testing Machine The Wire Were Grasped With Machine Jigs And Standard Load Will Be Applied Via The Wire To The Restoration At A Head Speed Of 1 Mm/minute Until Restoration Failure.
Results: Comparison Of The Mean Value Observed For All Of The Studied Groups Shows Statistically Significant Difference Between Group A And C (P=0.005), High Significant Difference Between Group A And B (P < 0.001), Between Group A And D (P < 0.001). Group B Shows High Significance Difference With Group C (P<0.001), And Significant Difference With Group D (P=0.002). Group C Shows High Significance Difference With Group D ( P < 0.001). Group D Showed The Highest Mean Tensile Failure Load .
Conclusion: Labial Bevel With Air Abrasion Increase Retention Of Class III Composite Restorations.
Introduction: The Present Study Was Undertaken To Assess The Effect Of Different Milk Product On Sound And Incipient Carious Enamel Microhardness Of Primary Teeth By Observing The Tooth Surface Using A Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM).
Materials and Methods: This Study Was Carried Out On Freshly Extracted Eighty Four Sound Human Primary Molars Free From Any Signs Of Cracks And Caries Using A Reflected Light Microscope. The Teeth Were Cut In Mesio-distal Direction Through The Center Of Each Tooth. The Teeth Halves Were Equally Divided Into Seven Main Groups According To The Type Of Milk Used; Group I: For Deionized Water (control), Group II: For Almarai Full Fat Milk, Group III: For Juhainna Milk With Banana Flavor, Group IV: For Juhainna Milk With Chocolate Flavor, Group V: For Beyti Chocolate Milk, Group VI: For Beyti Banana Milk And Group VII: For Labanita Fat Free Milk. Each Group Was Subdivided Into Two Subgroups, Subgroup A For Testing The Effect Of Milk On Sound Enamel And Subgroup B For Testing The Effect Of Milk On Incipient Carious Lesion. A Window Was Made On Ligual Or Buccal Surface And Demineralizing Solution Was Prepared. The Enamel Specimens Were Exposed To Various Milk Products For 10 Min Twice Daily And Microhardness Was Measured, 200g Load Was Applied For 10 Seconds And The Significance Of Difference Was Statistically Analyzed At (p ? 0.05). Selected Enamel Specimens Were Evaluated Before And After Exposure To Milk Products By Scanning Electron Microscope.
Results: The Microhardness Measurments Showed That There Were Statistically Significant Differences Before And After Immersion Of The Enamel Specimens In The Different Types Of Milk For 10 Min Twice Daily. All Types Of Milk Showed An Increase In Enamel Microhardness. These Effects Were Visualized By Scanning Electron Microscope.
Conclusion: This Study Revealed That All Tested Milk Products Cause Enamel Hardening And Remineralize Incipient Carious Lesion. This Highlights Once Again The Importance Of Milk And Its Essential Nutritive Values. Thus Children Should Be Encouraged To Drink Milk.
ABSTRACT Aim Of The Study: Evaluated The Effect Of Moisture On The Apical Seal Using Dye Extraction Method For Three Resin-based Sealers: 1- Endorez Sealer /EndoRez Points. 2- RealSeal SE Sealer /Resilon Points. 3- AH Plus Sealer / Gutta Percha Points.
Materials and Methods: Seventy Teeth Were Selected Where Ten Teeth Served As Positive And Negative Control Group. The Remaining Teeth Were Divided Into Two Main Groups According To Moisture Condition (Dry, Wet). Each Group Was Subdivided According To The Sealer Type Used Into Three Sub-groups In Which The First Subgroup Were Obturated With EndoRez Sealer, The Second Subgroup By RealSeal SE, The Third Subgroup By AH-Plus Sealer.
Results: The Results Showed That There Was A Significant Difference Between Dry And Wet Condition In Each Sealer (P < 0.05). Also In The Dry Condition There Was A Significant Difference Between Realseal SE And AH- Plus Sealer (P < 0.05) , While There Was No Significant Difference Between The Other Groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion: -Drying Of The Root Canals Prior Obturation Even With Hydrophilic Resin Sealers As Wet Canal Condition Would Represent Extreme Experimental Scenarios That Should Be Avoided In The Clinical Situation. -The RealSeal SE/Resilon Root Canal Obturation System Provide Better Seal Due To The Ability Of Forming Monoblock Obturation.
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: The Aim Of This Study Was To Evaluate, The Effect Of Different Degrees Of Distal Implants Inclination On The Retention And Stability Of Two-implant Mandibular Overdenture With Locator Attachments.
Materials and Methods: Four Duplicated Clear Acrylic Experimental Models Were Constructed. The Models Were Covered By Resilient Silicone To Simulate The Oral Mucosa. In The Canine Regions Of Each Model, Two Recesses Were Prepared With Following Degrees Of Distal Implant Inclination: Group I (0 O ,control), Group II ( 5 O), Group III(10 O), And Group IV (20 O). Four Acrylic, Metal Reinforced Overdenture Was Fabricated And Connected To The Implants Using Locator Attachments. Using The Universal Testing Machine, Vertically Oriented 4 Points Tensile Loads Was Applied To A Metal Plate Attached To The Model With 4 Metal Chains Until The Attachments Separated From The Abutments.The Initial Retentive Force(maximum Dislodging Force) And Final Retention After 540 Cycles Of Insertions And Removals Were Measured For Each Group.
Results: For Initial Retentive Forces And Retentive Forces After Repeated Insertions And Removals, 5 Degree Inclination Recorded The Highest Retentive Forces, Followed By 10 Degrees, Then 0 Degrees And 20 Degrees Recorded The Lowest Retention Values. Locator Transparent Recorded The Highest Retentive Forces, Followed By Locator Pink, Locator Green, Locator Blue And Locator Red Recorded The Lowest Retention Values.
Conclusion: Comparing Nylon Inserts, Transparent Inserts Are Recommended To Retain Overdentures With Parallel(0?) And Distal Implant Inclination With A Slight Degree(5?), While For A High Degree Of Inclination (20?), Blue And Pink Inserts Are Recommended Instead Of Transparent Inserts.
ABSTRACT
Objective: The Purpose Of This Randomized Clinical Study Was To Evaluate The Impact Of Occlusal Reduction On The Incidences Of Post-instrumentation And Post-obturation Pain.
Subjects And Methods: Forty Four Patients Were Included In This Study. Inclusion Criteria Were Posterior Mandibular Teeth Having Symptomatic Irreversible Pulpitis And Symptomatic Apical Periodontitis. Patients Were Randomized Into Two Equal Groups. In The Intervention Group The Functional And Nonfunctional Cusps Were Reduced Until Absence Of Contact Was Confirmed, While In The Control Group The Occlusal Surfaces Were Left Intact. Standard Endodontic Treatment Was Performed In Two Visits Using Rotary Nickel Titanium Files For Shaping, 2.5% Sodium Hypochlorite For Cleaning And Lateral Condensation Technique With Resin Sealer For Obturation. Pain Was Assessed Preoperatively, Then After 6, 12, 24 And 48 Hours Following Instrumentation, Then After 6 And 12 Hours Following Obturation. Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) Was Used As The Primary Outcome Measure. Patients Were Given A Placebo To Be Administrated In Case Of Severe Pain And Ibuprofen 400mg Was Prescribed In Case Of Persistent Pain. Incidence Of Placebo And Analgesic Intake Was Regarded As The Secondary Outcome. Chi-square And Fisher Exact Tests Were Used To Compare Categorical Data.
Results: The Incidence Of Pain Was Lower In The Intervention Group At All Follow-up Periods. The Difference Between The Two Groups Was Significant At 6 Hours Following Instrumentation. There Was No Significant Difference In Incidences Of Neither Placebo Nor Analgesic Intake Between The Two Groups.
Conclusions: Occlusal Reduction Could Be A Simple Effective Strategy For Controlling Postoperative Pain Incidence Following Root Canal Treatment In Symptomatic Posterior Teeth Having Pulpitis And Apical Periodontitis..
ABSTRACT
Objective: The Aim Of The Present Work Was To Study The Effect Of Anticancer Drugs On Enamel Structure, Using Scanning Electron Microscope And Digora X-ray System.
Material & Methods: 30 Male Albino Rats, Aged 30 Days And Weighing 80 G Each Have Been Used In This Study, They Were Divided Into 3 Groups (10 Rats Each), Group I (control), Group II (vinblastine Group) And Group III (Taxotere Group). Vinblastine And Taxotere Were Given As A Single Intravenous Dose (4 Mg/kg) Via The Tail Vein. All Groups Were Further Subdivided Into 2 Subgroups A And B (5 Rats Each) And Were Sacrificed After 1 And 3 Weeks Respectively By Carbon Dioxide Inhalation. In Each Specific Time, The Mandible From Each Rat Was Removed And Sectioned Into Two Halves. The Incisors Cleaned Gently By Water For A Few Seconds. From Gingival Margin, Segment Of Lenght 2.8 Mm Were Measured And Dissected, Which Represent The Erupted Part Per Week. The Same Was Done For Three Weeks Groups. The Specimens Were Examined By Scanning Electron Microscope From Both Surface And Cross Section For Evaluating The Morphological Changes In The Enamel Surface And By Digora X- Ray For Evaluating The Enamel Density Of The Experimental Groups.
Results: Scanning Electron Microscope Of The Both Vinblastine And Taxotere Groups Revealed That, Variable Defective Pattrens In One-week Subgroup The Enamel Surface Showed Different Defects As Honeycomb Pattern, Variable Size Globules And Cracks. While In Three Weeks Subgroup The Enamel Surface Showed Larger Defects As Increase In The Honeycomb Pattern And More Pronounced Cracks. Statistical Analysis Results Of The Digora X Ray Measurements Revealed That, A Statistically Significant Difference Between The Control Group And The Both Vinblastine (one & Three Weeks) And Taxotere (one & Three Weeks) Subgroups.
Conclusion: Both Vinblastine And Taxotere Caused Morphological Defects In The Enamel Structure. Both Drugs Caused Reduction In The Enamel Density. Vinblastine Causes Decrease In Enamel Density More Than Taxotere As Revealed By Digora X Ray System.
