Hadeel SM Reda*, Sanaa A Elzogby* And Marwa MS Abbass**,

ABSTRACT
Background: Osteoporosis Has A Direct Effect On Oral And Dental Health. Glucocorticoids Are The Most Frequent Cause Of Secondary Osteoporosis. The Potential Healing Effect Of Mesenchymal Stem Cell (MSCs) Was Not Completely Examined On Repairing Glucocorticoid Induced Osteoporosis (GI). The Present Study Was Carried Out To Clarify The Beneficialeffect Of MSCs In Treating GI-osteoporotic Bone. Methods: Twelve Adult Female Albino Rats Were Enrolled In This Study. All Rats Were Intraperitoneally Injected (IP) Once Daily With Dexamethasone For 60 Days In Order To Induce Osteoporosis. Dual Emission X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) Scanning After 30 Days Was Done To Ensure Occurrence Of Osteoporosis. The Rats Were Injected Weekly Below The Right Firstmandibular Molar Area With MSCs (MSCs Group). The Left Side Jaws (osteoporosis Group) Received Only 1 Ml Of Saline Injection Every Week In The Same Location. To Facilitate Comparison, Additional 6 Rats Were Used As A Control Group. The Control Rats Received IP Saline For 60 Days And Locally Injected In Molar Area At Both Sides 2 Times.

Results: The Highest Mean Bone Area % Was Recorded In MSCs Treated Group (83.140?1.108), While The Least Mean Bone Area % Was Recorded In The Osteoporotic Group (49.632?5.402). High Significantdifference In Bone Area % Was Recorded Between MSCs Group Versus The Osteoporotic Group (P<0.01) While An Insignificat Difference Was Revealed Between MSCs Group And The Control Group (P>0.05). Conclusion: In The Fieldof Bone Regeneration, MSCs Overcome The Limitations And Side Effects Associated With Other Medical Drugs Used To Control Osteoporosis.

Sarah S. Horia, Khaled A. Salah Eddin, Mohamed M. Y. Khashaba And Ibrahim E. Shindy,

ABSTRACT
The Aim Of This Study Was To Evaluate The Comparative Effectiveness Of Arthrocentesis Using Two Different Materials ?saline Solution? And ?lactated Ringer Solution? In The Improvement Of Reduced Mouth Opening And In Pain Control In Patients Who Complained From Anterior Disc Displacement With Reduction. A Double Blinded Randomized Controlled Clinical Study Included Patients With Unilateral Anterior Disc Displacement With Reduction. The Main Variables Were Maximal Mouth Opening Distance That Was Measured By Digital Caliper In Mm, And Pain Severity That Was Assessed At Different Follow Up Periods Using A Visual Analog Scale. The Saline Group Showed A Significantdifference With (p= 0.002), And The Lactate Ringer Group Got A Significantdifference With (p= 0.009). There Was Improvement In Maximum Mouth Opening And TMJ Pain Immediately Postoperatively, After 6 And 12 Weeks. There Was No Significantdifferences In Results Of Both Groups. The Saline Group Showed A Significantdifference From Preoperative Till 12 Weeks With (p= 0.010). The Saline Solution Was Found To Be Effective And Similar To The Lactate Ringer Solution In Treating Patients With Anterior Disc Displacement With Reduction.

Abd El Azeem Mostafa Abd El Azeem And Cherif Adel Mohsen,

ABSTRACT
Background: Many Minimum Esthetic Problems Can Be Solved By Ceramic Laminate Veneer Restoring.AIM: The Aim Of This Study Was To Investigate The Effect Of Changing The Cement Space Measure On The Fracture Resistance Of Ceramic Laminate Veneer.

Materials and Methods: A Resin Central Incisor Model Was Reduced For Laminate Veneer. An Intraoral CAD/CAM Optical Scanner Was Used To Scan Resin Model. The Laminate Veneer Design Was Planned On The Scanned Preparation By CAD/CAM Software. Thirty Ceramic Laminate Veneer Samples Were Machined From Zirconia-reinforced Lithium Silicate Blocks With The Change Of The Cement Space Settings. The Samples Were Divided To 3 Groups According To Their Cement Space Parameters (CSP) (20, 60, 100 ?m) (n= 10). Thirty Epoxy Dies Were Duplicated From The Prepared Resin Model. Total Etch Resin Cement System Was Used To Cement The Ceramic Laminate Veneer Samples To Epoxy Dies. Each Epoxy Die Sample Base Was Fittedin A Specially Constructed Jig. A Compressive Load Was Applied On The Ceramic Laminate Veneer. The Load Required To Fracture Was Measured In Newton.

Results: The Highest Mean Value Was Recorded In G20 Group (582.06?124.81), Followed By G60 Group (528.07?61.24), With The Least Value Recorded In G100 Group (501.15?83.24). ANOVA Test Revealed No Statistically Significant Diference Between Groups (p=0.163).Conclusion: The Change Of Cement Space Volume Has No Effect On The Fracture Resistance Of Ceramic Laminate Veneers.

Mohamed Ghaly, Amina El Hosary, Hatem Amin And Hanan Abdul Khaliq,

ABSTRACT
Aims: This Work Aimed To Evaluate The Effect Of Chlorhexidine Versus Fluoridevarnishes On Salivary Biomarkers Including Salivary PH And Streptococcus Mutants Counts Among Leukemic Children. Settings And Design: The Study Was Conducted As A Clinical Trial. The Clinical Part Was Carried Out At Pediatric Dentistry Department, Faculty Of Dentistry, Tanta University And The Laboratory Work Was Carried Out At Medical Microbiology And Immunology Department, Faculty Of Medicine, Tanta University. Subjects And Methods: 60 Leukemic Children In The Stabilization Phase Ranging In Age From 4-17 Years Were Included In The Study. The Selected Children Were Divided Into Three Groups; Group 1 Included 20 Children Received Oral Health Education And Topical Chlorhexidine Varnish And Group 2 Included 20 Children Received Oral Health Education And Topical Fluoridevarnish, While Group 3 Included 20 Children Received Oral Health Education Only. Salivary Samples Were Collected From Each Child At Baseline, One Day, Three Months, Six Months And Twelve Months After The Start Of The Study. At The Start Of The Study, Three Months And Six Months Later, Salivary Samples Were Prepared For Measuring Salivary PH And Streptococcus Mutants Counts And Scheduled Immediately Before And After Varnish Application. Statistical Analysis Used: All Test Statistics Were Performed Using The SPSS Package System V.22. Descriptive And Inferential Statistics Including ANOVA And Paired-t-test Were Used. Level Of Significance Used Was 0.05.

Results: It Was Noticed That Group I Who Received Chlorhexidine Varnish Had Improvement On Their Salivary Parameters During Follow Up Periods Until One Year, While Group II Who Received Fluoridevarnish Had Improvement On Their Salivary Parameters For A Short Period Of Time Only. Whereas The Results Of The Third Group Showed Deterioration Of Their Salivary Parameters.

Conclusions: Chlorhexidine Varnish Is Better Than Fluoridevarnish As It Improved Oral Health Of Leukemic Children By Raising Salivary PH, Reducing The Count Of Streptococcus Bacteria And Its Efficacycould Last For Long Period Of Time Until One Year. While Fluoridevarnish Could Produce The Same Effect For Short Period Of Time Only.

Manar Ali Mohamed, Sherif Farouk Elgayar, Enas Alaa Eldin Abd Elaziz, Marwa Tammam Amin And Shima Gafar Mansor,

ABSTRACT
Background: Malignant Salivary Gland Tumors (MSGTs) Are A Heterogeneous Group Of Tumors With Significantvariability In Their Microscopic Appearance And Biological Behavior. Their Clinical Presentation Can Vary According To The Lesions. AgNOR Staining Is Valuable As A Marker Of Cellular Proliferation. The Present Study Aims To Evaluate The Role Of AgNORs Staining And Its Correlation With Tumor Type And Lymphovascular Invasion (LVI) In MSGTs. Methods:The Current Study Was Performed On 40 Malignant Salivary Gland Tumors (22 Cases Of Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma (MEC), 14 Cases Of Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma (ACC), 2 Cases Of Myoepithelial Carcinoma (MECA) And 2 Cases Of Acinic Cell Carcinoma (AciCC).

Results: The AgNORs Count Was Statistically Significantwith Tumor Type And LVI. A Higher Median AgNOR Was Noted In ACC (2.29) While A Lower Median AgNOR Was Associated With MECA (1.51). Conclusion: Analysis Of AgNORs Is Valuable As A Reliable Predictive Marker Of Clinical Behavior Of Malignant Salivary Gland Tumors (MSGTs).

Mostafa M. Hussein And Cherif A.Mohsen,

ABSTRACT
Objective: The Purpose Of This In Vitro Study Will Evaluate Marginal Gap Of Endocrowns Retained Bridges Replacing Missing Lower Second Molar Will Done By Two Different Designs From Monolithic Zirconia.Material And Method: Twenty Bridges Designed From Monolithic Zirconia. Specimens Will Be Divided Into Two Groups, Each Of These Groups Contains 10 Samples, The Firstgroup Represents Endocrown Endocrown Retained, And Second Group Endocrown Retained Bridges. The Marginal Gap For The Buccal, Lingual, Proximal And Connector Area Were Measured .scan Electron Microscope Were Used. Universal Testing Machine Was Used To Detect Fracture Resistance For All Samples.

Results: Data Analysis Was Performed By Student T-tests To Detect Significancebetween Groups. One Way Analysis Of Variance ANOVA Test Followed By Pair-wise Newman-Keuls Was Used To Detect Significancebetween Sites. Statistical Analysis Was Performed Using Graph Pad Prism-4 Statistics Software For Windows. P Values < 0.05 Are Considered To Be Statistically Significantin All Tests. Marginal Gap Results Measured In Micron (?m) For Both Designs At Different Sites. It Was Found That Endocrown Endocrown Retained Recorded Higher Marginal Gap Mean Value Than Endocrown Retained Bridges And This Was Statistically Non-significant (p > 0.05)

Conclusions: Fracture Resistance And Marginal Gap Of Endocrowns Retained Bridges With Two Different Designs Were Be Accepted.

Manar Al-Fadhli *, Hesham Katamich ** And Cherif Mohsen***,

ABSTRACT
Objective: The Purpose Of This Study Is To Study The Fracture Resistance Of Anterior Endocrown Versus Post Crown Restoration.

Materials & Methods: Twenty Caries Free Of Extracted Human Maxillary Canine With Complete Root Formation Were Selected For This Study. Also Two Types Of Ceramics Were Used: IPS E.max Press And Celtra Press. Twenty Samples Were Fabricated And Divided Into 2 Groups (10 Samples Each) According To The Type Of Ceramic Used. Then Each Subgroup Was Subdivided Into 2 Subgroups (5 Samples Each) According To The Type Of Restorations: Endocrown 10 Mm, Post +core +crown. All Specimens Were Subjected To A Thermocycling Procedures In Automated Thermocycling Machine. Samples Were Thermocycled For 5000 Cycles, Between 5oC-55oC With A Dwell Time 15 Seconds. All Samples Were Individually Mounted On A Computer Controlled Materials Testing Machine For A Fracture Resistance Test. After Fracture Resistance Test, All Specimens In The Tested Groups Were Viewed Using A USB Digital-microscope, Magnificationx35, And The Images Were Captured And Transferred To A IBM Personal Computer Equipped With The Image-tool Software (Image J 1.43U, National Institute Of Health, USA) To Determine Failure Mode Pattern According To The Following Categorization. Results Regarding The Fracture Resistance Testing, The Results Of The Present Study Revealed That There Was No Statistically Significantdifference Between Mean Fracture Resistance Values Of IPS E.max Press(235.54N) And Celtra Press; (244.98N) Where Both Showed Statistically Non-significanthighest Mean Fracture Resistance. The Results Obtained In This Study Revealed A Non-significantdifference Between The Endocrowns Restorations And The Post & Core & Crown. Although Endocrowns Showed Higher Fracture Resistance Values Compared To The The Post & Core & Crown.

Mai Samy Sheta , Manal Ahmed El-Ebiary , Usama Mahmoud Abdel Karim, El-Refaie Kenawy And Hend Elkafrawy,

ABSTRACT


Purpose: The Purpose Of This Study Was To Evaluate The Effect Of Addition Of Different Percentages Of Zirconia And Silica Nanofiberson The Mechanical Properties And Bond Strength Of Conventional Glass Ionomer Cement (GIC).

Materials & Methods: In This Study Zirconia (ZrO2) And Silica (SiO2) Nanofiberswere Added In Different Percentages To Conventional Glass Ionomer Cement. This Study Included Control Group And Two Experimental Groups And Each Experimental Group Divided Into Two Subgroups; Group I: GIC Without Nanofibers(n=10) ?control Group?. Group II: GIC Reinforced With ZrO2 Nanofibers.Subgroup II A: 4% By Weight ZrO2 Nanofibers(n=10). Subgroup II B: 8% By Weight ZrO2 Nanofibers(n=10). Group III: GIC Reinforced With SiO2 Nanofibers.Subgroup III A: 4% By Weight SiO2 Nanofibers(n=10). Subgroup III B: 8% By Weight SiO2 Nanofibers(n=10). Compressive Strength, Indirect Tensile Strength, Microhardness, Surface Roughness And Shear Bond Strength Were Tested For All Groups.

Results: The Results Indicated That 8% ZrO2, 4%SiO2 And 8% SiO2 Nanofibersaddition Has Significantlyimproved Compressive And Indirect Tensile Strength. ZrO2 And SiO2 Nanofibersin All Percentages Tested In This Study Has Significantlyimproved Microhardness. Silica NanofibersmodifiedGIC Showed Significantlylower Surface Roughness. There Was No Significantdifference Between Shear Bond Strength Of Control And Tested Groups. Conclusion: Zirconia And Silica Nanofibersimproved The Mechanical Properties Of Conventional GIC. The Higher Percentages Of Nanofibers,the Better Improvement Of Mechanical Properties. Silica Nanofibersaddition To GIC Lowered Its Surface Roughness, While Zirconia Nanofiberdid Not Afffect It. Zirconia And Silica Nanofibers Addition To GIC Did Not Afect Its Adhesion To Dentine Surface.

Reham Hassan Fathy Abo-Rekiba, Olfat El-Sayed Hassanein And Rasha Raafat Hassan,

ABSTRACT

Objectives: The Aim Of This Study Was To Compare In Vivo The Efficacyof Polishing Paste Containing Either Nano-hydroxy Apatite Or 5% Calcium Sodium Phosphosilicste (NovaMin), And A Non-desensitizing Polishing Paste (Placebo Paste), On Dentin Hypersensitivity In A Four-week, Double-blind Clinical Study.Methods: This Was A Randomized, Single-center, Controlled, Three Treatment, Parallel-group Study Conducted At Faculty Of Dentistry Operative And Restorative Department Cairo University.155 Male And Female Subjects Who Met All Inclusion/exclusion Criteria And Had At Least Two Sensitive Teeth Based On Tactile , Air Blast And Cold Assessments, Were Enrolled In The Study. At Baseline, Tactile Air Blast And Cold Stimuli Were Administered And Subjects Were Stratifiedaccording To Their Diagnosis Scores Into One Of Three Treatment Groups: Group D1 (placebo Paste), Group D2 (NovaMin Without Fluoride)or Group D3 (Nano-hydroxy Apatite). Subjects Were Then Assessed Post-treatment At Bassline (T1), 2 Weeks (T2) And 4 Weeks (T3), Vissual Analogue Scale (VAS) Was Taken Before And After Materials Application At The Three Time Intervals Participants Were Instructed Not To Use Other Oral Hygiene Products Or Any Other Dental Treatment For Hypersensitive Teeth, And Drugs Like Analgesics That May Alter The Pain Perception Within 24 Hrs Of The Assessment Days. Participants Were Instructed Not To Use Any Tooth Paste That May Alter The Results Only Brushing Teeth W Ith Tooth Brush And Water Without Tooth Paste As It Depends On Brushing Motion .

Results: A Statistically Significantdifference Was Found Between (D1) And Each Of (D2) And (D3) Groups In All Three Tests Where (p<0.001).The Lowest Mean Value Of Pain Score Was Found In Nano-hydroxy Apatite (D3) Followed By Novamin (D2) , While The Highest Mean Value Of Pain Score Was Found In Placebo (D1). Also, A Statistically Significantdifference Was Found Between (Base-line) And Each Of (After 2 Weeks) And (After 4 Weeks) Groups Where (p<0.001) And A Statistically Significantdifference Was Found Between (After 2 Weeks) And (After 4 Weeks) Where (p<0.001) In All Tactile, Air And Cold Tests. Conclusion: Under The Limitation Of This Study Reduction Of Dentine Hypersensitivity Was Obviously Apparent For Either Nano-hydroxy Apatite And Novamin Throughout The Time Interval Of This Study. Superior Effect Of Novamin Was Observed Immediately After Its Application . While The Effect Of Nano-hydroxy-appatite Regarding Reduction Of Dentine Hypersensitivity Was Time Dependent.

Mostafa Shahin Zaki , Cherif Adel Mohsen And Mostafa El Husseiny,

ABSTRACT
Aim Of The Study: To Assess The Flexuralstrength And Color Parameters Of The Two Different Translucent Zirconia Materials Namely Super Translucent Multi-layered Zirconia And Ultra Translucent Multi-layered Zirconia Compared To 3Y-TZP And Lithium Disilicate.

Materials and Methods: Hundred Disc Specimens (Diameter = 12mm, Thickness = 1.2mm) Were Divided In To Four Main Groups According To Type Of Ceramic Material As Ten For Monochromatic Ceramics BruxZir Zirconia Group And IPS E.max Group And Fourty For Multi-layered Ceramics Katana STML Group And Katana UTML Group. Groups Were Subdivided In To Ten Subgroups According To Layers Of Multi-layered Ceramic Materials (n = 10), Four Subgroups For Each Multi-layered Ceramic Material And One Subgroup Of Each Monochromatic Ceramic Material. Each Subgroup Was Subdivided In To Two Classes According To Degradation (n = 5), Where Firstclass Was Corrosion, While Second Class Was A Control Not Subjected To Corrosion. Spectrophotometer Measurement For Each Class, Then Flexural Strength Assessed For Same Specimens

Results: Corrosion Caused Significantweight Loss For All Materials With Greatest Value Measured For Both Katana STML And Katana UTML. Corrosion Caused Clinically Unacceptable Color Change For Katana STML And Katana UTML Compared To Other Materials. Corrosion Caused Significantincrease Of Bi-axial Flexural Strength Of BruxZir Specimens, However Didnt Affect Other Materials. Conclusion: Both Katana STML And Katana UTML Experienced Greater Solubility And Color Change Compared To Other Tested Ceramics. Regarding Flexuralstrength Both Katana STML And Katana UTML Were In Between BruxZir And IPS E.max CAD. Corrosion Affected BruxZir Specimens Only.