Asmaa Abou-Bakr, Nevine H. Kheir El Din, Eman Khalil And Radwa R. Hussein,

ABSTRACT
Chronic Kidney Failure (CRF) Is Becoming A Major Public Health Problem Worldwide Particularly In Developed Countries With A Higher Prevalence Of Renal Disease. Hemodialysis Is The Most Widely Used Treatment Of Nephropathy. Both The Disease And The Treatment Can Inflict Respiratory, Endocrine And Immunological Complications, Which Could Influence The Patient?s Oral Status As Well As Alterations In Salivary Flow And Salivary PH. There Are Guidelines For Oral Health Care In Patients With Systemic Diseases; Additionally, A Significant Improvement In The Underlying Systemic Diseases Has Been Reported Following Treatment Of The Associated Oral Lesions

Materials and Methods: 114 Patients Of Each Gender With Age Vary From 30 To 60 Years Diagnosed With End-stage Renal Disease Undergoing Hemodialysis From Six Months Up To Two Years Were Involved In This Study From The Nephrology Department At Benha University. Patients With A History Of Any Serious Sickness As Malignancy Or Who Undergo Kidney Transplants Or Those That Take Medication That Would Cause Oral Manifestations As Steroids And Smokers Were Excluded In Our Study. Oral Examinations Were Done According To The Modified WHO Oral Health Survey 2013 Criteria. Saliva Was Collected Once Pre-stimulation To Measure The Rate Of Flow And PH.

Results: Oral Changes Were Present In All 114 (100%) CRF Patients. Chronic Periodontitis Was The Most Frequently Seen Disease In (81.6%) CRF Patients. Alternative Findings Were Xerostomia, Burning Mouth, Uremic Breath, Petechial Lesions, Pallor, And Abnormal Pigmentation. In Our Study, We Found An Association Between Xerostomia And Salivary Flow Rate. We Also Found That Patients With Lip Pigmentation Showed Statistically Significantly Low Mean Blood Urea Levels. Conclusion: Many Alterations In The Oral And Salivary Parameters Were Found At The CRF Patients. These Patients Need Special Attention Towards Their Dental Treatment, Not Only Because Of The Disease Itself And Its Multiple Oral Manifestations But Also Because Of The Side-effects And Characteristics Of The Treatments They Receive. The Greater Predominance Of Oral Lesions In CRF Patients Imposes Mandatory Oral Screening To Recognize Patients At Risk. The Management Of Such Will Enhance The Overall Well-being Of CRF Patients In Developed Countries.

Abanoub Adeeb Fekry, Ahmed Shawky Hashem, Mohamed Abdelrahman Semieka And Wael Mobarak Refai,

ABSTRACT
This Study Was Conducted On Seven Native Dogs, Each Dog Was Injected By Ethanol Extract Of Propolis. Split Mouth Technique Was Used In Each Maxilla Of The Dogs. The Upper Left Canine Was Injected Sub Mucosal By 1 Ml Of Propolis 500 Mg/l Dissolved In Ethanol, The Right Side Was The Control Side. Two Orthodontic Attachments Were Bonded At The Canine & The Third Molar Of The Same Side, And Connected Together By A NiTi Open Coil Spring. The Distance Between Each Two Attachment Of Each Side Was Measured At Days : 0, 7, 14, 21. Propolis Was Injected Three Times At Days: 0, 7, 14. Sacrificing The Animals Was Done At Day 21 Then Histological Sections From The Canines And Surrounding Alveolar Bone Was Prepared. The Results Showed Non Significant Difference In Orthodontic Tooth Movement Between The 2 Groups. We Concluded That Injection Of Propolis (500mg/l) In Dogs Didn?t Affect The Orthodontic Tooth Movement In Dogs.

Nesren M. Abo Elmagd Masry, Ahmed H Khalil And Rasha N M Sami,

ABSTRACT
Statement Of Problem: All Ceramic Restorations Became A Popular Alternative To Esthetically Restore Missing Teeth. A Variety Of Different Cements Could Be Used For Cementation. Tooth Preparation With Different Convergence Angle Affect The Success Rate Of This Ceramic Restoration By Affecting The Cement Layer. However, The Quality Of The Selected Cement Cannot Be Evaluated Unless Determined After Being Subjected To Conditions Simulating Intraoral Stresses. Aim Of The Study: Was To Investigate The Route Of Failure Of Two Types Of Cement Lining Namely Glass Ionomer Conventional Cement, Rely X Ultimate Resin Adhesive Cement Under All Ceramic Crowns Fabricated From IPS E.max With Two Degrees Of Total Occlusal Convergence Namely, 10� And 18o. Materials And Methods Teeth Were Selected And Prepared By Computer Numerically Controlled CNC Milling Machine. A 5 Axis Line Scanner And Sirona Dental System Was Used For Ceramic Crown Fabrication, And Finally A (3D) Finite Element Model Was Constructed Under An ANSYS Environment. Fracture Resistance Was Measured With A Load Cell Of 6.5 KN By Instron Testing Machine. Two Way Analysis Of Variance ANOVA Test Of Significance Comparing Variables Affecting Mean Values (occlusal Convergence And Cement). One Way ANOVA Followed By Pair-wise Tukey?s Post-hoc Tests Were Performed To Detect Significance Interaction Between Subgroups. Statistical Analysis Was Performed Using Graph-Pad Statistics Software For Windows. P Values � 0.05 Are Considered To Be Statistically Significant In All Tests.

Results: Regarding The Effect Of Occlusal Convergence Angle And Type Of Cement On Finite Element Analysis For IPS E.max Ceramic, Cement And Cortical Total Deformation There Was No Clinical Significance Difference Between The Two Types Of Cement At The Same Convergence Angle While Crowns, Root And Spongy There Is Moderate Clinical Significance Difference Between The Two Types Of Cement At The Same Convergence Angle. For Cement, Root, Crown, Spongy And Cortical Von Misses Stresses There Was A Clinical Significance Difference Between The Two Types Of Cement With 18o Occlusal Convergence Angle, Therefore 18oocclusal Convergence Angle Produced More Stresses On Cement Layer Than 10o Occlusal Convergence Angle. Regarding The Effect Of Cement Type On Fracture Resistance Of IPS E.max Ceramic Crowns, The Highest Bond Strength Was Obtained By Rely X Ultimate Cement, Which Was Statistically Significantly Higher Than Glass Ionomer Cement This Study Showed Less Prosperity For Cement Layer Failure And Crack Propagation.

Conclusions: Cementing IPS E.max -ceramic Crowns Using Adhesive Resin Cement Showed Superior Fracture Resistance Than Those Cemented Using Conventional Cement. Total Convergence Angle10ois Less Liable For Cement Layer Failure And Crack Propagation Than 18� Total Convergence Angle Of The Prepared Tooth In Order To Receive A Ceramic Crown.

Heba Mahmoud Awad Mansour, Ahmed Hosny El Khadem, Ramy Ragab El Beialy And Emad Saeed Helmy,

ABSTRACT
This Review Is Performed To Describe The Minimally Invasive Techniques For Management Of Degenerative Temporomandibular Joint Diseases Mainly Osteoarthritis Regarding Pain And Mouth Opening Improvement. Population Included Patients With Primary Or Secondary Degenerative Joint Diseases. Patients Were Diagnosed With Degenerative Joint Disease Clinically And Confirmed With An Imaging Technique (MRI, CT Scan Or CBCT).

Mohamed Seleem Elabd, Magdy Mohamed Ali,Mohamed Medhat Katia, Sherif Farouk Elgayar And Elham A. Hassan,

ABSTRACT
Objective: To Evaluates Histologically Apical Closure Of Autogenously Transplanted Immature Permanent Dog Teeth Treated With 3 Different Revascularization Protocols. Study Design: Sixty Single-rooted Maxillary Incisor Teeth From Ten Healthy Mon? Grel Dogs Aged 5 Months Were Randomly Divided Into 3 Experimental Groups Of 20 Teeth Each. Group I: Autotransplantation Without Regenerative Endodontic Procedures. Group II: Autotrans? Plantation With Regenerative Endodontic Group III: Autotransplantation After Removing Pulp Tissue From The Apical Side With Regenerative Endodontic. The Animals Were Sacrificed, Histologic Sections Were Prepared And Three Groups Were Evaluated For Apical Closure.

Results: 37.9% Of Teeth Showed Histological Apical Closure, With Significant Differences Between The Three Groups (p=O.008). Group I Showed The Maximal Percentage (66.7 %) Group IT The Minimum (20%). When The Experimental Groups Were Compared, There Were Significant Differences Between Groups I And II (p = 0.004), And Groups I And III (p =0.024). While With Group II And Ill; No Statistical Significant Difference Was Found (p=O .465). Conclusion: These Results Suggest That Autotransplantation Procedures Better Done Without Removal Of The Original Pulp Tissue Or Further Regenerative Endodontic Procedures.

Mirhan Mohamed Khader, Hala Kamal Abdel Gaber And Ahmed Elsayed Hamed Am,

ABSTRACT


Aim: The Assessment Of Relationship Between Peri-implant Sulcular Fluid (PISF) Cytokines Level (lL-1~ &TNF-a) And The Condition Of Peri-implant Tissue In Obese Patients (primary Objective). The Clinical And Radiographic Evaluation Of The Impact Of Obesity On Peri-implant Tissues (secondary Objective) .. Subjects And Methods: Twenty Patients Were Included In The Study For Placement Of A Delayed Implant In Lower Molar Area. They Were Divided Into Two Groups, Ten Obese Patients And Ten Normal Weight Patients. TNF-a And IL-1 ~ Were Measured Using ELISA Kits, While Bone Level Measurement Using Cone Beam CT And Clinical Parameters Were Also Assessed.

Results: Regarding Clinical Findings (bleeding Index, Plaque Index, Probing Depth) In Both Groups, In Case Of Intragroup Comparison Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test Was Used And It Revealed No Significance Difference And, In Case Of Intergroup Comparison A Mann Whitney U Test Was Used And It Also Revealed No Significant Difference. Regarding Peri-implant Crestal Bone Changes, The Percent Of Change Throughout The Study In The Obese Group Recorded A Median Of 0.4, While Non-obese Group Recorded A Median Of -0.52. Mann Whitney U Test Revealed That The Difference Between The 2 Groups Was Not Statistically Significant. Regarding Tumor Necrosis Factor, In The First And Second Assessment Independent T Test Revealed That The Difference Between Obese And Non-obese Was Not Statistically Significant. The Percent Change OfTNF-a Values Throughout The Study In The Obese Group Recorded A Median Of -22.61 %, While Non-obese Group Recorded A Median Of -32.43%. Mann Whitney U Test Revealed That The Difference Between The 2 Groups Was Not Statistically Significant. Regarding Interleukin 1-~, In The First And Second Assessment Independent T Test Revealed That The Difference Between Obese And Non-obese Was Not Statistically Significant. Conclusion Within The Limitations Of Our Study We Can Conclude That: 1. Obesity Can Exert No Effect On Peri-implant Tissue Status In The Absence Of Dental Plaque. 2. Obesity Can Lead To Slight Elevation In Inflammatory Markers (TNF-a And IL-1~) In Peri-implant Sulcular Fluid Which May Be To A Subclinical Level That Have No Effect On Clinical Parameters Of Gingival Inflammation As Long As Plaque Control Is Applied.

Fawzy M, Deraz S, Farag A And Alhadainy H ,

ABSTRACT
Aim. The Aim Of Present Study Was To Investigate Pulp-dentin Complex Reactions Following Direct Pulp Capping (DPC) With Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA), Silver Diarnine Fluoride (SDF) And Simvastatin. Materials And Methods. Thirty-two Goat Incisors Were Randomly Allocated Into Four Groups. Group I Was Directly Capped With MTA, The Dental Pulp In Group IT Was Directly Capped With SDF, While The Group III Capped With Simvastatin And Group IV Was Control Group Of Unprepared Teeth. All Teeth Were Restored With Glass Ionomer Filling. After 3 Months, Goats Were Sacrificed And Teeth Were Extracted Then Processed For Histological Examination And Categorized In Terms Of Hard Tissue Formation And Pulp Inflammation. Results. Teeth In Group I And III Had Statistically Favorable Outcomes In Hard Tissue Formation And Pulp Inflammation (p:50.001). Teeth In Group IT Showed Significantly Lower Rates Of Hard Tissue Formation And Higher Rates Of Pulp Inflammation And Necrosis Compared To Other Groups Conclusion. For Capping Pulp Exposure, Healing With Hard Tissue Formation And No Inflammation Occurs Following MTA And Simvastatin Treatment In A Higher Rate Than SDF.

Ahmed A. Elsayyad, Nadia Abbas And Nouran AbdelNabi,

This Review Was Conducted To Evaluate 2 Prosthetic Designs: "All On Three" And "All On Four" For The Restoration Of Edentulous Mandibles. "All On Three" Simplifies The Treatment Plan, Reduces Surgical Procedures And Cost When Compared To The" All On Four". Further Clinical Trials Are Required To Investigate Whether The "All On Three" Is Comparable To The "All On Four".

Hossam Atef Abd El-Samad And Cherif A. Mohsen,

Objectives: This Study Was Carried Out To Evaluate The Dimensional Accuracy Of Conventional Bite Registration Material And CAD/CAM Bite Registration Material In Patients With A Single Missing Tooth.Methods: Twenty Patients With One Missing Tooth (who Needed A Fixed Partial Denture) Were Selected And Included In The Present Study. A Full Veneered Preparation Was Done. The Patient Bit On Bite Registration Material In Centric And Eccentric Movement. A Wire "3 Em In Length "was Bonded With Composite On Opposing Tooth To The Preparation. The Length Of Wire Impression On Bite Registration Material Was Measured And After 24 Hours To Evaluate The Possible Effect With Time Factor.

Results: The Effect Of Duration On The Dimensional Accuracy Of Bite Registration Materials At Vertical Centric And Eccentric Occlusion Was Statistical Significant Between Immediate And Later Who Recorded Higher Values With Both Types Of Bite Registration Materials Tested. Also A Statistical Significant Differences Between The Two Types Of Occlusion Irrespective To The Duration, Type Of Restorations And Types Bite Registration Materials, As Eccentric Occlusion Recorded Higher Values.

Conclusions: Futar D And Futar Scan Bite Registration Materials Provided Accurate Records With No Differences Between Them. Dimensional Accuracy Was Influenced By Time Factor Of The Recording Materials.

Noran Mohammad Mostafa Elsharkawi, Hisham Katamish And Tarek Salah Morsi,

Purpose: To Evaluate The Micro-tensile Bond Strength Of The New Activa Bioactive Cement With E-max And Cerasmart In Comparison To The Conventional Resin Cement Before And After Thermocycling. Methodology: Two Plates Were Cut From Each Ceramic Block Material (3 Mm Thickness) Using Isomet Saw: (LDS E.max), And (hybrid Cerasmart). Surface Treatment Of The Ceramic Specimens Was Done According To The Manufacturer"s Instructions. Application Of Resin And Bioactive Cements To Each Ceramic Block Was Done And Then Cured. Bonded Specimens Were Sectioned Into Micro-bars To Obtain 80 Samples, 40 Samples For Each Ceramic Block (group I & Group II). Each Group Was Subdivided Into Two Subgroups According To Cement Type (subgroup1 & Subgroup 2). Each Subgroup Was Further Subdivided Into Two Divisions 10 Samples Each For The Thermocycling (division A & Division B). Thermocycling Was Done In Water For 5000 Cycles Between 5 And 55 DC. All Samples Were Subjected To Micro-Tensile Bond Strength (?TBS) Test Using Universal Testing Machine. Data Were Analyzed Using Three-way ANOVA To Study The Effect Of Ceramic, Cement, Thermocycling And Their Interaction On Mean Micro ?TBS (Prs 0.05).

Results: Regarding The Effect Of Ceramic Type, Either With Activa Or Resin Cements, Before Or After Thermocycling; Cerasmart Had Statistically Significantly Higher Values Of Mean ?TBS Than E.max. Regarding The Effect Of Cement Type; After Thermocycling, Either With Cerasmart Or E.max; There Was No Statistically Significant Difference Between The ?TBS Values Of The Two Cements. Regarding The Effect Of Thermocycling, Results Showed That Thermocycling Significantly Decreased The Mean ?TBS Of Both Ceramic Materials When Using Either Activa Or RelyX Ultimate Resin Cements.

Conclusions: Within The Limitations Of This Study, It Was Concluded That For Both Tested Cements, Thermocycling Affected Negatively The Micro-tensile Bond Strength (?TBS).