Youssef Emad, Mona Darhous , Ahmed El Barbary And Amr Zahran,

ABSTRACT
Aim Of The Study: The Purpose Of This Study Was To Evaluate The Bone Width Gain Following The Split-crest Technique With Or Without Platelet Rich Fibrinin Conjunction With Simultaneous Implant Placement In Narrow Alveolar Ridges.

Materials and Methods: Fourteen Patients With Missing One Or More Upper Teeth With 3.5mm-5.5mm Residual Bone Width And At Least 12 Mm Residual Bone Height Received A Total Of Twenty Implants Equally Distributed In Each Group. In Both Groups, Piezoelectric Device Was Used For Splitting Leaving The Gap Empty In The Control Group And Fillingit With Platelet Rich Fibrinin The Test Group. Ridge Width Gain, Bone Height Loss, Implant Stability, Pain Scale And Healing Index Were Evaluated And Compared Between Both Groups.

Results: Width Gain After 6 Months Was Found To Be 2.85 ?0.39 Mm For The Test Group And 2.97 ?0.42 Mm For The Control Group With No Significantdifference Between Both Groups. Regarding The Other Parameters As Width Gain, Bone Height Loss, Implant Stability, Pain Scale And Healing Index. There Was No Statistically Significantdifference Found Between Both Groups, Yet The Soft Tissue Healing Was Slightly Better In The Test GroupConclusion: Using Platelet Rich Fibrinas A Fillerfor The Split Gap And Under The Flapshowed No Added Benefitsregarding The Bone Width Gain, Crestal Bone Loss, Implant Stability And Postoperative Pain, But Might Have Slightly Enhanced The Rate Of Soft Tissue Healing.

Ragi Samy Fahmy , Kareem Maher Mohamed And Wael Mohamed Mobarak Refai,

ABSTRACT
Background: One Of The Most Common Complications That Occur During And After Orthodontic Treatment Is The Formation Of White Spot Caries Lesions. Therefore, Different Attempts Have Been Made To Increase The Caries Resistance Of Enamel Prior To And During Fixe Orthodontic Treatment. Resin Infiltratio Technique Is A New Protocol Used For Treatment Of White Spot Lesions. The Aim Of The Study Is To Investigate The Influenc Of Caries Infiltran Preconditioning On The Shear Bond Strength Of Orthodontic Resin Cements On Sound And Demineralized Enamel. Material& Method: The Study Was Carried On (40) Sound Bovine Enamel Specimens. They Were Randomly Divided Into Two Groups. Group One (control Group): No Surface Pretreatment Was Carried Out. Boding The Brackets With The Traditional Way Was Performed. Group Two: Teeth Were Subjected To Demineralization To Form Artificia Carious Lesions. Then Application Of ICON Before Bonding The Brackets Took Place. After Bonding Of Brackets In Both Groups, All Specimens Underwent A Second Cycle Of Demineralization. Bracket Shear Bond Strength Was Evaluated For Both Groups With A Universal Testing Machine.

Results: There Was A Statistically Significan Difference Between (Control With No Surface Pretreatment) And (Icon Surface Pretreatment) Groups Where (p=0.011). The Highest Mean Value Of Shear Bond Strength Was Found In (Icon Surface Pretreatment) (15.21 ? 3.05), While The Lowest Mean Value Of Shear Bond Strength Was Found In (Control With No Surface Pretreatment) (11.41 ? 2.91). Conclusion: ICON Resin Infiltratio Can Be Used Before Bonding Of Fixe Orthodontic Appliances To Improve Bonding Strength And To Provide A Barrier To Prevent White Spot Lesions To Develop During Orthodontic Treatment With Fixe Appliances.Key Words: ICON, Resin Infiltratio, Orthodontic Treatment, White Spot Lesions, WSLs, Orthodontic Brackets Bond Strength, Shear Bond Strength. Abbreviations: ICON (Infiltratio Concept), WSL (White Spot Lesions)

Hamees Alfred Mohamed , Mona Riad And Safaa Helmy,

ABSTRACT


Aim: The Objective Of This In Vitro Study Was To Evaluate The Effect Of Load Cycling On Fracture Resistance Of A Bioactive Restorative Material And Comparing It With A Zinc Oxide Nanoparticle Containing Bulk Fill Composite

Materials & Methods: A Total Of Fiftyupper Prepared Premolars Were Randomly Divided Into Three Groups. In The Firstgroup 10 Specimens, Cavities Were Remained Unchanged (positive Control). The Remaining 40 Specimens Were Classifiedinto 2 Groups Of 20 Specimens Each According To Types Of Restorative Materials Tested (A); Group (A1) Was Restored By Bioactive Restorative Material, Group (A2) Was Restored By Fill Up Bulk Fillrestorative Material. Each Group Was Subdivided Into 2 Subgroups Of 10 Specimens Each According To The Number Of Load Cycles (T), The Firstsub Group (T1) Was Subjected To Cyclic Loading Representing 24 Hours ( 417 Cycles) And The Second Subgroup (T2) Was Subjected To Cyclic Loading Representing 6 Months (75000 Cycles ). Control Group Also Subjected To The Same Mentioned Cycles. A Mesio-Occluso-Distal (MOD) Cavity Was Prepared In All Specimens. Adhesive System As Well As Resin Composite Application Were Done According To Manufacturer?s Instructions. Mechanical Loading Was Performed Using ROBOTA Chewing Simulator Integrated With Thermo-cyclic Protocol Operated On Servomotor. Data Analysis Was Performed.

Results: Fill Up Bulk Fillcomposite Had The Highest Fracture Resistance Values. There Was A Statistically Significantdifference Between Groups That Subjected To Load Cycled Equivalent To 24 Hours And 6 Months. With All Tested Groups Cycled For 6 Months There Was A Decrease In Fracture Resistance Values.

Conclusions: Fill Up Resin Composite Has The Ability To Withstand The Mechanical And Thermal Loading And Restore The Weakened Tooth Structure Without Fracture More Than Activa. Bioactive Chewing Simulation That Subjects The Restorations To Mechanical Fatigue Has An Influenceon Their Fracture Resistance.

Ahlam Abd El-Galil Nassar, Hussien Y El-Sayed, Wedad M Etman And Thuraia M Genaid ,

ABSTRACT
Objective: To Evaluate Class V Cavities Restored By Different Bioactive Restorative Materials.

Materials and Methods: Sixteen Patients Were Selected According To The Inclusion-exclusion Criteria With Three Carious Cervical Lesions In Each Patient. A Total 48 Class V Cavities Were Prepared According To Caries Extension And Randomly Restored With: Group I (Activa? Bioactive Composite), Group II (BeautifilII) And Group III (Fuji IX GP EXTRA) Which Were Applied Following Manufacturers? Directions. Each Restoration Was Clinically Evaluated At 24 Hours, 6 Months And 1year Using ModifiedUSPHS Criteria. In Addition, Marginal Seal Of The Tested Restorations Was Further Examined Under Scanning Electron Microscope Using Epoxy Resin Replicas.

Results: Using Chi-square Test, There Was No Statistical Significantdifferences Between The Tested Groups For Retention, Marginal Adaptation, Marginal Discoloration, Anatomical Form, Surface Texture And Color Matching (p>.05). None Of The Restorations Had Secondary Caries At Any Evaluation Period. Post-operative Hypersensitivity Was Found In Group I At The Base Line In 18.8 % Of Cases, While There Was A Statistical Significantdifference Between The Different Evaluation Periods (p = 0.045) & Among The Tested Groups At The Base Line (p = 0.041). SEM Examination Of Replica Revealed No Statistically Significantdifference Neither Between The Three Groups In Any Evaluation Period Nor Between Different Evaluation Periods In Group I And II (p Value = 0.468 & 0.269) Respectively. However, A Statistical Significantdifference Was Recorded Between The Three Follow Up Periods In Group III (p= 0.048). Spearman?s Correlation Test At A Significantlevel Of P ? 0.05) Was Performed Between The Related Tested Criteria In Each Group And Recorded A Positive Relationship After 6 And 12 Months Follow Up Periods.

Conclusions: The Three Different Bioactive Restorative Materials Showed An Acceptable Clinical Performance In Class V Cavities By The End Of The Examination Period.

Asmaa Mamdouh Mohamed, Mohamed ElHadidy, Atef Fouda And Dina Mohamed Elbeshlawy,

ABSTRACT


Aim: Evaluation Of Socket Preservation Using Hydroxyapatite With Non-Resorbable Polytet-rafluoroethylenemembrane (Cytoplast Membrane) Versus Non-resorbable Polytetrafluoroethylenemembrane (Cytoplast Membrane) Only In Mandibular 1st Or 2nd Molar Sockets.Patients And Methods: The Present Study Was Conducted On 20 Cases Seeking Extraction Of Lower Firstor Second Molars. Patients Are Divided Into 2 Groups, Preservation Of The Extracted Sockets By Alloplastic Materials And Non-resorbable Membrane Was Done In Study Group And Preservation Of The Extracted Sockets By Non-resorbable Membrane Only Was Done In Control Group. All Extraction Sockets Were Assessed Postoperatively Immediately After Extraction, At 3 And 6 Months Intervals For Evaluation Of The Variation In The Bone Density At The Extraction Site Of Both Groups.

Results: The Bone Density Was Compared Between The Study And Control Groups At The Crestal, Middle And Apical Parts Of The Distal And Mesial Roots Immediate, At 3 Month And At 6 Month Post Operatively. Study Group Showed Mean Density Higher Than The Control Group And The Difference Was Statistically Significant For All IntervalsConclusion: The Bone Density In Sockets With Hydroxyapatite Is Higher Than The Sockets Which Are Covered With Cytoplast Membrane Only.

Mona Abd El-Rahman Abd El-Hafez , Mohammed Farag Ayad And Mohamed Seddik Mohamed Kamel ,

ABSTRACT
Statement Of Problem: Endo-crown Has The Advantage Of Being Minimally Invasive Preparation Achieving Maximum Tissue Conservation; However, No Data Was Available For High Performance Polymers (Bio-HPP) Endo-crowns.

Purpose: The Aim Of This Study Was To Evaluate Marginal And Internal Adaptation Of Bio-HPP Endo-crowns Fabricated By CAD/CAM And Heat Press Technique.

Materials and Methods: Thirty Freshly Extracted Human Molars Were Decoronated And Endodontically Treated. Specimens Were Prepared With Computerized Numerical Control Milling Machine (CNC) With The Following Criteria: 2 Mm Occlusal Reduction Parallel To The Occlusal Plane (butt Joint), Axial Preparation With 7-degree Total Occlusal Convergence, 3 Mm Pulpal Floordepth And Trapezoid Shape Pulp Chamber Cavity. The Pulpal Orificesand Undercuts In Mesial And Distal Canals Were Protected With Flowablecomposite Resin. Specimens Were Randomly Divided Into Two Groups According To The Processing Technique Of Bio-HPP Material; CAD/CAM And Heat Press Technique. After Cementation With Self-etch Adhesive Resin Cement, Evaluation Of The Marginal And Internal Adaptation Of Endo-crowns Were Performed Using Stereomicroscope At 40x And Cone Beam Computed Tomography. Data Were Analyzed With One-way Analysis Of Variance (ANOVA) And Independent T-test At ?=0.05.

Results: Marginal Adaptation Values Were Within The Clinical Acceptable Range, However, Heat Press Technique Showed Higher Marginal And Internal Gap Values (63.8?12.1 ?m) And (78.5?18.0 ?m) Respectively Than CAD/CAM Technique (53.7?5.5 ?m) And (58.7?7.2 ?m) Respectively (P< 0.001).Conclusion: Processing Technique Of Bio-HPP Endo-crowns Affects Marginal And Internal Adaptation To Natural Prepared Tooth.

Mona Abd El-Rahman Abd El-Hafez, Mohammed Farag Ayad And Mohamed Seddik Mohamed Kamel ,

ABSTRACT
Statement Of Problem: Endo-crown Has The Advantage Of Being Minimally Invasive Preparation Achieving Maximum Tissue Conservation; However, No Data Was Available For High Performance Polymers (Bio-HPP) Endo-crowns.

Purpose: The Aim Of This Study Was To Evaluate Marginal And Internal Adaptation Of Bio-HPP Endo-crowns Fabricated By CAD/CAM And Heat Press Technique.

Materials and Methods: Thirty Freshly Extracted Human Molars Were Decoronated And Endodontically Treated. Specimens Were Prepared With Computerized Numerical Control Milling Machine (CNC) With The Following Criteria: 2 Mm Occlusal Reduction Parallel To The Occlusal Plane (butt Joint), Axial Preparation With 7-degree Total Occlusal Convergence, 3 Mm Pulpal Floordepth And Trapezoid Shape Pulp Chamber Cavity. The Pulpal Orificesand Undercuts In Mesial And Distal Canals Were Protected With Flowablecomposite Resin. Specimens Were Randomly Divided Into Two Groups According To The Processing Technique Of Bio-HPP Material; CAD/CAM And Heat Press Technique. After Cementation With Self-etch Adhesive Resin Cement, Evaluation Of The Marginal And Internal Adaptation Of Endo-crowns Were Performed Using Stereomicroscope At 40x And Cone Beam Computed Tomography. Data Were Analyzed With One-way Analysis Of Variance (ANOVA) And Independent T-test At ?=0.05.

Results: Marginal Adaptation Values Were Within The Clinical Acceptable Range, However, Heat Press Technique Showed Higher Marginal And Internal Gap Values (63.8?12.1 ?m) And (78.5?18.0 ?m) Respectively Than CAD/CAM Technique (53.7?5.5 ?m) And (58.7?7.2 ?m) Respectively (P< 0.001).Conclusion: Processing Technique Of Bio-HPP Endo-crowns Affects Marginal And Internal Adaptation To Natural Prepared Tooth.

Michael Magdy Selim, Hossam Mohamed Tewfik And Amr Ahmed Bayoumi,

ABSTRACT


Aim: To Compare Two Rotary NiTi Systems Namely: Protaper Next And Protaper Gold And The Evaluation Will Include Cyclic Fatigue Resistance, Cutting Efficiency And Surface Changes.

Materials and Methods: A Total Of 64 Fileswere Used In This Study To Evaluate The Cutting Efficiencyand Cyclic Fatigue Resistance. Selected Samples From The Cutting Efficiencytest Were Examined Under The Stereomicroscope And Selected Samples From The Cyclic Fatigue Resistance Test Were Examined Under The Scanning Electron Microscope. Samples Were Classifiedinto Two Main Groups According To Rotary System Used, And Further Subdivided Into Two Sub Divisions According To The Evaluation Method.

Results: The Cyclic Fatigue Resistance Of Protaper Gold Was Significantlyhigher Than The Protaper Next In All Groups Of This Study (P? 0.05). Furthermore, The Cutting Efficiencyshowed No Statistically Difference Between Mean Percentages Of Weight Loss Among The Two Groups (P? 0.05) Conclusion: The Protaper Gold Rotary NiTi System Could Be Regarded As The System Of Choice Concerning Its Lower Incidence Of Fracture. Both Tested Systems Were Satisfactory In Their Cutting Behavior.

Marc Albert Louis , Ihab El Sayed Hassanein And Mohamed Mokhtar Nagy,

ABSTRACT
Aim Of The Study: The Aim Of This Study Was To Compare The Cleaning Efficiencybetween Two Different Filesystems With Different Motions, Reciprocating Single Filesystem WaveOne And Rotation With Protaper Universal Files, And Assessment Of The File Surfaces ChangesMethodology: 52 Freshly Extracted Human Firstmolars Were Decoronated Using A Disc And Split Into Mesial And Distal Roots. Divided Into Two Groups; GRP I: 26 Mesial Roots ProTaper Universal Files S1-F2, GRP II: 26 Mesial Roots. WaveOne Files Primary. Instruments Were Examined For Defects In Apical And Middle Third Under SEM Prior Their Usage At Magnification200X. Pulp Space Preparation Was Done, According To Manufacturer Instruction In Combination With Irrigation With 5.25% NaOCl. Each Of These Instruments Were Subjected To Simulated Clinical Use (1-6). Mesial Roots Were Split And Assessed At The Apical Middle And Cervical Parts Under SEM And Stereomicroscope For Smear Layer And Debris Respectively. SEM Observations Were Done After The Sixth Use, For Defects At The Apical And Middle Third, And Photomicrographs Were Taken.

Results: Either At The Cervical, Middle Or At Apical Levels, There Was No Statistically Significantdifference Between Mean Debris Score Of The Two Systems. Comparing The Root Levels Either With WaveOne Or ProTaper; Apical Level Showed The Highest Mean Debris Score With Statistically Significantdifference From Cervical Level And Non-statistically Significantdifference From Middle Level. Conclusion: Among The Motions, Both Rotation And Reciprocation Have Similar Cleaning Efficiency;the Apical One Third Of The Canal Is Most Liable To More Debris And Smear Layer And Brand New Files Sufered From Manufacturing Defects.

Salma Mohammed Kamel, Mohammed Turky And Reham Hassan,

ABSTRACT


Aim: The Present Study Aimed To Evaluate The Influenceof The Different Sizes And Tapers Of Mechanical Preparation On Root Canal Cleanliness.

Materials and Methods: 80 Mesiobuccal Canals Mandibular Firstmolars Were Included And Mechanically Prepared To Different Apical Sizes Using K3XF NiTi Rotary Files(25, .04, 25, .06, 30, .04, 30, .06). Irrigation Procedure Was Performed After Each Instrument Change With 5.25% NaOCl, Finalirrigation Was Conducted With 17% EDTA For 1 Min. Roots Were Then Split Longitudinally And Examined Under Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) To Evaluate The Presence Of Smear Layer Using A Scoring System. Data Was Statistically Analysed Using Mann-Whitney U Test And Friedman?s Test, Dunn?s Test Was Used For Pair-wise Comparisons When Friedman?s Test Was Significant.The Significance Level Was Set At ? 0.05.

Results: In All Groups, There Was A Significantlymore Smear Layer In The Apical Third (P ? 0.05) Compared With The Middle And Coronal Thirds, With No Significantdifferences Between The Middle And Coronal Thirds, Except When Canals Were Prepared To Size 30 Taper .06, There Was No Significantdifference Between Smear Layer Scores At All Root Thirds. There Was No Significantdifference In Smear Layer Removal Between Different Sizes (25, 30) And Different Tapers (4%, 6%).

Conclusions: The Removal Of Smear Layer Was Less Predictable In The Apical Third Compared With The Middle And Coronal Thirds. Apical Enlargement And Increase In Preparation Taper Did Not Significantly Afect Canal Cleanliness.