Mohamed Ali Attia, Mohammed Atef And Maha Hakam,

ABSTRACT
Background: Several Grafting Materials Have Been Proposed For Sinus Augmentation Including Autogenous Graft, Allograft, Xenograft, Synthetic Biomaterials And Recently Platelets Concentrates.

Purpose: Evaluating Effect Of Injectable Platelet Rich Fibrin (I-PRF) Mixed To Deproteinized Bovine Bone (DBB) (sticky Bone) In Sinus Augmentation In Comparison With A Solely DBB Regarding Amount Of Bone Height Gained, Bone Density And Implant Stability.

Materials and Methods: 19 Patients With 20 Pneumatized Sinus 3:6 Mm Residual Alveolar Ridge Height Underwent Single Stage Sinus Lift. 10 Sinuses Were Grafted With DBB In Control Group While Sticky Bone Was Used In 10 Sinuses As A Test Group. CBCT Were Taken Immediately And 6 Months Postoperative. Osstell Readings Were Taken After Insertion And During Implant Exposure.

Results: After 6 Months, Mean Bone Height Gain Of DBB Group Was 8.46� 1.87 Compared To 8.43�2.67 In Sticky Bone Group. This Was Statistically Non-significant. Mean Bone Density Value Was 408.4�66.7 In DBB Group Compared To 547.8�158 In Sticky Bone Group. This Was Statistically Significant. For Stability, Mean ISQ Value Was 74.7�7.2 In DBB Group And 74.7�6.4 In Sticky Bone Group. This Was Statistically Non-significant. Conclusion: Regardless Limitations Of This Study, Results Indicate No Advantages For Sticky Bone Over DBB On Amount Of Bone Generated Or Implant Stability. However, Sticky Bone May Enhance Quality Of Regenerated Bone Inside The Sinus.

Mohamed M. Sabry; Mohamed Riad Farid And Rasha Ra�fat Abdel Aziz .,

ABSTRACT


Aim: To Assess The Reliability Of The Fluorescence Camera Or Caries Detection Dye Versus Visual Tactile Method In Caries Excavation Using Bacteriological Assessment Method.

Materials and Methods: 60 Carious Lesions In 20 Paticipant (3 In Each Paticipant) Was Chosen In This Study. In Each Participant, There Had Been 3 Carious Lesions ; The Excavation End Point Of One Cavity Was Determined Using Visual Tactile Method. The Two Other Cavities Were Inspected Using The Fluorescent Camera And Caries Detector Dye (CDD) To Determine The Excavation Endpoint Respectively. Dentine Samples From The Three Cavities Were Collected Before And After Caries Excavation For The Bacteriological Assessment.

Results: The Visual Tactile Method Showed Lowest Reduction In The Bacterial Count Followed By Caries Detector Dye Followed By The Highest Reduction For Fluorescent Camera With A Statistically Significant Difference Between Each Other�s. Conclusion: The Light Induced Fluorescent Intraoral Camera Is More Effective In Removing Infected Dentin And In Reaching The Excavation Endpoint.

Yomna Saadi, Farid Medhat And Nashwa Salah .,

ABSTRACT

Objectives: The Purpose Of This Study Was To Evaluate The Presence Or Absence Of The Second Mesiobuccal Canal Of Permanent Maxillary First And Second Molars In An Egyptian Population Using Cone-beam Computed Tomography Scanning. Methods: The Study Was A Cross Sectional Retrospective Study Performed On 198 Maxillary First And Second Permanent Molars From 60 CBCT Scans Belonging To Egyptian Individuals. Radiographic Examination Was Done Using Cranex 3DX � SOREDEX, Finland With Image Capture Parameters Set At�FOV Of 8 X 6 Cm, 90 KV, 10 MA And An Exposure Time Of 6 Seconds. The Voxel Size Was 0.2 Mm.

Results: A Total Of 198 CBCT Images Of Maxillary First (n?=?102) And Second Molars (n?=?96) From 60 Patients Were Analyzed. Frequency And Percentage Of The Presence Of 2nd Mesiobuccal Canal In The Whole Sample (198 Molars Of Both Females & Males) Was Interpreted By Three Oral Radiologists Independently Twice. The Results Showed That The Inter-rater Reliability For The Maxillary First Molars Was High (? = 0.8280), I.e. That The Three Observers Strongly Agree And For The Second Maxillary Molars Was Good (? = 0.7862), I.e. That The Three Observers Agree. The Results Also Showed For Observer 1, 2 &3 Highly Statistically Significant Intra-rater Reliability (P= <.0001). Conclusion: Within The Limitations Of This Study, It Can Be Concluded That The Prevalence Of The Second Mesiobuccal Canal In Maxillary First And Second Molars Is 43.4% In The Studied Patients Of Egyptian Population.

Ashraf Mohamed Desokey, Ahmed Gamal Ahmed And Emad Mohamed Tolba Agamy,

ABSTRACT
Objective: The Aim Of This In Vitro Study Is To Evaluate Strain Induced By Different Prosthetic Options Using Single Posterior Implant With Two Splinted Natural Abutments In Lower Unilateral Distal Extension Base Removable Partial Denture (Kennedy Class II).

Materials and Methods: In This Study An Epoxy Resin Model Was Used To Simulate A Class II Kennedy Edentulous Situation With Missing All Molars. The First And Second Premolars Were Splinted As The Main Abutments And An Implant Was Placed At The Site Of The Second Molar As The Distal One. Three Different Prosthetic Designs Were Constructed As Follows: -Group I: (cross Arch Stabilization Partial Overdenture). _ Group II: (side Plate Partial Overdenture). _ Group III: (fixed Partial Denture ( Load Application A Unilateral Ascending Load (25, 50, 75,100 N) Was Frequently Applied To The Selected Points Of The Abutments Over An Epoxy Resin Bite Block With The Loading Tip Of The Device In Axial And Non-axial Directions. Strain Gauges Were Cemented At The Following Areas (buccal And Lingual) To The Abutments And The Implant. (1) The Strain Meter Measure The Strain Every 25 N And Record It In Computer. (2) Five Minutes Were Left Between Each Loading As Period Of Rest To Allow For Heat Dissipation. (3) Every Load Was Applied 5 Times For Each Design And For Each Load Increment.

Results: The Total Stresses Recorded On Both The Implant And The Abutment Teeth In The Three Groups Showed That The Fixed Design Produced The Least Stresses Followed By Cross Arch Design And Maximum Stresses Were Rec Orded In Side Plate Design. The Maximum Micro Strain Range Recorded Under Axial Loading Was 283.662 Micro Strain Units, While Under Oblique Loading It Was 591.07 Micro Strain Units. No Failure Occurred In Any Part Of The Model. All Maximum Stresses Were Just A Fraction Of The Functional Loading Within The Biological Range (1). Conclusion And Clinical Significance: Within The Limitation Of The Current Study It May Be Conducted That The Use Of The Fixed Tooth- Implant Supported Partial Dentures Produced The Least Strain Among The Tested Designs, So It May Be Recommended In These Cases.

Nancy Sayed Abdel Aziz , Hesham Elansary And Lamia Kherialla,

ABSTRACT


Purpose: The Purpose Of This In Vitro Study Was To Evaluate The Marginal Accuracy And Internal Fit Of Zirconia Monolithic Crowns And Compare It To PEEK Monolithic Crowns, Milled By CAD/CAM. Methods: One Master Stainless Steel Die Resembling A Lower Second Molar Was Fabricated And Duplicated Using One-step Dual Viscosity Impression Technique. Twenty-two Auto Polymerizing Epoxy Replica Dies Were Digitized Using Extra-oral Optical Scanner, And Crowns Were Milled From PEEK And Zirconia Blanks. Internal Gap And Marginal Accuracy Measurements Were Recorded Using Silicone Replica Technique And Digital Microscope Respectively.

Results: For Internal Fit Results, It Was Found That Zirconia Group Recorded Statistically Non-significant Higher Internal Gap Mean Value Than PEEK Group As Indicated By Two-way ANOVA Test (P=0.> 0.05). For Marginal Accuracy Results, It Was Found That PEEK Group Recorded Statistically Significant Higher Marginal Gap Mean Value Than Zirconia Group As Indicated By Unpaired T-test (P=0.0206< 0.05). Conclusion: Both Materials Showed Marginal Accuracy And Internal Gap Values Within The Clinically Acceptable Values. However, PEEK Crowns Showed Superior Internal Fit And Inferior Marginal Accuracy To Zirconia Crowns.

Ahmed Mohamed Samy, Moustafa Ezz, Mohamed El Serougy And Ramy El Beialy .,

ABSTRACT
Objective: The Aim Of This Study Was To Evaluate The Stability And Measuring Marginal Bone Loss In Early Loading Of Single Dental Implants In The Mandibular Posterior Area. Patients And Methods: The Study Sample Consisted Of 20 Patients Who Were Enrolled From Outpatients Clinic At The Department Of Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty Of Oral And Dental Medicine, Cairo University

Results: This Study Was Conducted To Evaluate The Stability And Measure The Marginal Bone Loss In Early Loading Of Single Dental Implants In The Mandibular Posterior Area. A Total Of 20 Patients With Age Range 21-51 Years, 8 Males And 12 Females Participated In The Study. Conclusion: 1-The Implant Stability Increases After Early Loading Which Increases The Rate Of Success. 2-The Rate Of Marginal Bone Loss After Early Loading Is Adequate For The Success Of The Dental Implant.

Nadhel A. Mohamed , Heba Salah El-Dein Hamza And Mai Mamdouh El-Sayed,

ABSTRACT


Aim: To Assess The Antimicrobial Effect Of Aqueous Extract Of Cinnamon 20% And Ginger 20% In Comparison Chlorhexidine 0.2% On Oral Streptococcus Mutans.

Materials and Methods: Twenty One Participants Selected For The Study, Were Divided Into Three Groups (N=7), Where Group (R1); Cinnamon 20%, Group (R2), Ginger 20% And Group (R3), Chlorhexidine Gluconate 0.2 % Mouth Rinse. Each Volunteer Was Given A Piece Of Arabic Gum And Asked To Chew It For One Minute Only, Then Stimulated Saliva Was Collected In Sterilized Screw Capped Bottles. After One Minute, Each Volunteer Was Asked To Rinse With Ten Ml Of The Tested Agent For One Minute Then Expectorate. Stimulated Saliva Was Recollected In The Following Points: After 30 Minute, 1 Hour And 2 Hours. Salivary Samples Were Homogenized By Vortex. 0.1 Ml Of Saliva Transferred To 0.9 Ml Of Sterile Phosphate Buffer Saline (pH 7.0), And Then Ten-fold Dilution Was Performed. From Dilution 10-3 Of Salivary Samples 0.1 Was Taken And Spread In Duplicate On The Mitis Salivarius Bacitracin Agar Media. The Plates Were Incubated Anaerobically For 48 Hours At 37�C Then Aerobically For 24 Hours At Room Temperature. The Number Of Colonies Was Expressed As Colony�forming Units Multiplied By The Dilution Factor Per Milliliter Of Saliva (CFU/ml) And Compared Before And After Rinsing.

Results: Chlorhexidine Demonstrated The Highest Efficacy Than The Other The Two Herbal Plants In Bacterial Reductions But This Was Only Statistically Significant When Comparing The Effect Of Chlorhexidine 0.2% To Ginger 20% Cinnamon 20% Performed Better Than Ginger 20% But The Mean Difference Was Not Statistically Significant. Conclusion: Although The Herbal Extracts Were Less Potent Than Chlorhexidine, Still They Were Relatively Effective In Inhibiting The Growth Of Oral Bacteria. Cinnamon 20% Has More Antibacterial Activity On The Growth Of Streptococcus Mutans Than Ginger 20%.

Ahmed Gamal Khater Ali, Mohamed Galal Gamal Eldin Beheiri, Mostafa Ibrahim Shindy And Samer Abduljabar Noman,

ABSTRACT
Objective: The Purpose Of This Study Is To Evaluate The Clinical And Radiographic Outcomes Of Socket Shield Technique Compared With Conventional Immediate Implant Placement. Patients And Methods: Patients With Remaining Roots In The Esthetic Zone With Intact Periodontal Condition Indicated For Extraction Were Randomly Allocated To One Of Two Study Arms With 1:1 Allocation Ratio By Using Computerized Sequence Generation: The �intervention� Group Whom We Placed Implant With Socket Shield Technique Or The Control Group Whom We Placed Implant By Conventional Immediate Implant Technique

Results: The Maximum Period Of Treatment Will Be Fixed At Nine Months. The Patient Will Be Examined Preoperative And Immediate Postoperative Then Nine Months During The Study Period. Conclusion: From Our Point Of View Socket Shield Technique (SST) Was Considered As One Of Successful Techniques In Preservation Of Alveolar Bone Integrity Specially In Terms Of Minimal Or No Alveolar Bone Loss Which Is Recommended Specially In The Esthetic Zone

Mohamed Seleem Elabd, Magdy Mohamed Ali, Mohamed Medhat Katia, Sherif Farouk Elgayar And Elham A. Hassan,

ABSTRACT
Objective: To Evaluates Histologically Apical Closure Of Autogenously Transplanted Immature Permanent Dog Teeth Treated With 3 Different Revascularization Protocols. Study Design: Sixty Single-rooted Maxillary Incisor Teeth From Ten Healthy Mongrel Dogs Aged 5 Months Were Randomly Divided Into 3 Experimental Groups Of 20 Teeth Each. Group I: Autotransplantation Without Regenerative Endodontic Procedures. Group II: Autotransplantation With Regenerative Endodontic Group III: Autotransplantation After Removing Pulp Tissue From The Apical Side With Regenerative Endodontic. The Animals Were Sacrificed, Histologic Sections Were Prepared And Three Groups Were Evaluated For Apical Closure.

Results: 37.9% Of Teeth Showed Histological Apical Closure, With Significant Differences Between The Three Groups (p=0.008). Group I Showed The Maximal Percentage (66.7 %) Group II The Minimum (20%). When The Experimental Groups Were Compared, There Were Significant Differences Between Groups I And II (p = 0.004), And Groups I And III (p =0.024). While With Group II And III; No Statistical Significant Difference Was Found (p=0.465). Conclusion: These Results Suggest That Autotransplantation Procedures Better Done Without Removal Of The Original Pulp Tissue Or Further Regenerative Endodontic Procedures.

Mirhan Mohamed Khader, Hala Kamal Abdel Gaber And Ahmed Elsayed Hamed Amr,

ABSTRACT


Aim: The Assessment Of Relationship Between Peri-implant Sulcular Fluid (PISF) Cytokines Level (IL-1? &TNF-?) And The Condition Of Peri-implant Tissue In Obese Patients (primary Objective). The Clinical And Radiographic Evaluation Of The Impact Of Obesity On Peri-implant Tissues (secondary Objective).. Subjects And Methods: Twenty Patients Were Included In The Study For Placement Of A Delayed Implant In Lower Molar Area. They Were Divided Into Two Groups, Ten Obese Patients And Ten Normal Weight Patients. TNF-? And IL-1? Were Measured Using ELISA Kits, While Bone Level Measurement Using Cone Beam CT And Clinical Parameters Were Also Assessed.

Results: Regarding Clinical Findings (bleeding Index, Plaque Index, Probing Depth) In Both Groups, In Case Of Intragroup Comparison Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test Was Used And It Revealed No Significance Difference And, In Case Of Intergroup Comparison A Mann Whitney U Test Was Used And It Also Revealed No Significant Difference. Regarding Peri-implant Crestal Bone Changes, The Percent Of Change Throughout The Study In The Obese Group Recorded A Median Of 0.4, While Non-obese Group Recorded A Median Of -0.52. Mann Whitney U Test Revealed That The Difference Between The 2 Groups Was Not Statistically Significant. Regarding Tumor Necrosis Factor, In The First And Second Assessment Independent T Test Revealed That The Difference Between Obese And Non-obese Was Not Statistically Significant. The Percent Change Of TNF-? Values Throughout The Study In The Obese Group Recorded A Median Of -22.61%, While Non-obese Group Recorded A Median Of -32.43%. Mann Whitney U Test Revealed That The Difference Between The 2 Groups Was Not Statistically Significant. Regarding Interleukin 1-?, In The First And Second Assessment Independent T Test Revealed That The Difference Between Obese And Non-obese Was Not Statistically Significant. Conclusion Within The Limitations Of Our Study We Can Conclude That: 1. Obesity Can Exert No Effect On Peri-implant Tissue Status In The Absence Of Dental Plaque. 2. Obesity Can Lead To Slight Elevation In Inflammatory Markers (TNF-? And IL-1?) In Peri-implant Sulcular Fluid Which May Be To A Subclinical Level That Have No Effect On Clinical Parameters Of Gingival Inflammation As Long As Plaque Control Is Applied.

Fawzy M, Deraz S, Farag A And Alhadainy H,

ABSTRACT
Aim. The Aim Of Present Study Was To Investigate Pulp-dentin Complex Reactions Following Direct Pulp Capping (DPC) With Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA), Silver Diamine Fluoride (SDF) And Simvastatin. Materials And Methods. Thirty-two Goat Incisors Were Randomly Allocated Into Four Groups. Group ? Was Directly Capped With MTA, The Dental Pulp In Group ?? Was Directly Capped With SDF, While The Group III Capped With Simvastatin And Group IV Was Control Group Of Unprepared Teeth. All Teeth Were Restored With Glass Ionomer Filling. After 3 Months, Goats Were Sacrificed And Teeth Were Extracted Then Processed For Histological Examination And Categorized In Terms Of Hard Tissue Formation And Pulp Inflammation. Results. Teeth In Group I And III Had Statistically Favorable Outcomes In Hard Tissue Formation And Pulp Inflammation (P?0.001). Teeth In Group II Showed Significantly Lower Rates Of Hard Tissue Formation And Higher Rates Of Pulp Inflammation And Necrosis Compared To Other Groups Conclusion. For Capping Pulp Exposure, Healing With Hard Tissue Formation And No Inflammation Occurs Following MTA And Simvastatin Treatment In A Higher Rate Than SDF.

Ahmed A. Elsayyad, Nadia Abbas And Nouran AbdelNabi,

ABSTRACT
This Review Was Conducted To Evaluate 2 Prosthetic Designs: �All On Three� And �All On Four� For The Restoration Of Edentulous Mandibles. �All On Three� Simplifies The Treatment Plan, Reduces Surgical Procedures And Cost When Compared To The �All On Four�. Further Clinical Trials Are Required To Investigate Whether The �All On Three� Is Comparable To The �All On Four�.

Hossam Atef Abd El-Samad And Cherif A. Mohsen,

ABSTRACT

Objectives: This Study Was Carried Out To Evaluate The Dimensional Accuracy Of Conventional Bite Registration Material And CAD/CAM Bite Registration Material In Patients With A Single Missing Tooth. Methods: Twenty Patients With One Missing Tooth (who Needed A Fixed Partial Denture) Were Selected And Included In The Present Study. A Full Veneered Preparation Was Done. The Patient Bit On Bite Registration Material In Centric And Eccentric Movement. A Wire �3 Cm In Length �was Bonded With Composite On Opposing Tooth To The Preparation. The Length Of Wire Impression On Bite Registration Material Was Measured And After 24 Hours To Evaluate The Possible Effect With Time Factor.

Results: The Effect Of Duration On The Dimensional Accuracy Of Bite Registration Materials At Vertical Centric And Eccentric Occlusion Was Statistical Significant Between Immediate And Later Who Recorded Higher Values With Both Types Of Bite Registration Materials Tested. Also A Statistical Significant Differences Between The Two Types Of Occlusion Irrespective To The Duration, Type Of Restorations And Types Bite Registration Materials, As Eccentric Occlusion Recorded Higher Values.

Conclusions: Futar D And Futar Scan Bite Registration Materials Provided Accurate Records With No Differences Between Them. Dimensional Accuracy Was Influenced By Time Factor Of The Recording Materials.

Noran Mohammad Mostafa Elsharkawi, Hisham Katamish And Tarek Salah Morsi,

ABSTRACT


Purpose: To Evaluate The Micro-tensile Bond Strength Of The New Activa Bioactive Cement With E-max And Cerasmart In Comparison To The Conventional Resin Cement Before And After Thermocycling. Methodology: Two Plates Were Cut From Each Ceramic Block Material (3 Mm Thickness) Using Isomet Saw: (LDS E.max), And (hybrid Cerasmart). Surface Treatment Of The Ceramic Specimens Was Done According To The Manufacturer�s Instructions. Application Of Resin And Bioactive Cements To Each Ceramic Block Was Done And Then Cured. Bonded Specimens Were Sectioned Into Micro-bars To Obtain 80 Samples, 40 Samples For Each Ceramic Block (group I & Group II). Each Group Was Subdivided Into Two Subgroups According To Cement Type (subgroup1 & Subgroup 2). Each Subgroup Was Further Subdivided Into Two Divisions 10 Samples Each For The Thermocycling (division A & Division B). Thermocycling Was Done In Water For 5000 Cycles Between 5 And 55 �C. All Samples Were Subjected To Micro-Tensile Bond Strength (�TBS) Test Using Universal Testing Machine. Data Were Analyzed Using Three-way ANOVA To Study The Effect Of Ceramic, Cement, Thermocycling And Their Interaction On Mean Micro �TBS (P ? 0.05).

Results: Regarding The Effect Of Ceramic Type, Either With Activa Or Resin Cements, Before Or After Thermocycling; Cerasmart Had Statistically Significantly Higher Values Of Mean ?TBS Than E.max. Regarding The Effect Of Cement Type; After Thermocycling, Either With Cerasmart Or E.max; There Was No Statistically Significant Difference Between The ?TBS Values Of The Two Cements. Regarding The Effect Of Thermocycling, Results Showed That Thermocycling Significantly Decreased The Mean ?TBS Of Both Ceramic Materials When Using Either Activa Or RelyX Ultimate Resin Cements.

Conclusions: Within The Limitations Of This Study, It Was Concluded That For Both Tested Cements, Thermocycling Affected Negatively The Micro-tensile Bond Strength (?TBS).

Osama S. Gad El-Hak And Nagwa M. Khattab,

ABSTRACT
Objective: The Current Study Evaluates The Reciprocal WaveOne Gold Single-file System Regarding Clinical And Radiographic Success Rates In Pulpectomy Of Primary Molars. Methods. This Double Blind Randomized Clinical Trial Was Carried Out On 70 Primary Molars On 60 Children In The Age Group From 4 To 7 Years. The Teeth Selected For This Study Were Randomly Assigned Into 2 Groups According To The Used Endodontic Preparation System. Group I: 35 Primary Molars Were Instrumented With WaveOne Gold Reciprocating Single-file System. Group II: 35 Primary Molars Were Instrumented With Stainless Steel K-files. All Teeth Were Evaluated Clinically And Radigraphically For 12 Months With Periodic Recall At 3, 6, 12 Months. Results. WaveOne Gold Single-file System Exhibited Higher Overall Success Rate Over Manual Instrumentation, However, The Difference Between Groups Was Not Statistically Significant (P >0.05). Conclusion. Single-file Systems Are Promising Instruments That Have The Power To Be An Alternative For Manual Instrumentation In Primary Molar Pulpectomies.

Yasmine El Makawi And Nagwa Khattab,

ABSTRACT


Purpose: The Aim Of This Study Was To Evaluate The Effect Of Lithium Disilicate Endocrowns Compared To Prefabricated Zirconia Crown Used For Restoring Pulpotomized Primary Molars, On Their Fracture Resistance And To Compare The Loads To Failure These Different Ceramic Restorations With Previously Reported Posterior Occlusal Forces.

Materials and Methods: Twenty Mandibular Left Second Primary Molars Were Randomly Distributed Into Two Groups (n = 10 In Each Group) The Zirconia Crown (Nusmile Zr.) Group (G1) And The Lithium Disilicate (IPS E.max Press) Endocrown Group (G2). In All Groups Pulpotomy Procedure Was Done Before Preparation Then Each Sample Were Prepared Based On Their Allocated Restoration, Both Zirconia Crown (Nusmile Zr.) And Endocrown (IPS E.max Press) Were Cemented By Dual-cure Resin Cement. All Samples Were Loaded To Failure By Means Of A Universal Testing Machine (Instron, USA), And Compressive Force Was Applied. The Data Were Analyzed Using One-way (ANOVA) And Tukey�s Post Hoc Significance Difference Tests. Differences Were Considered Significant At (p< 0.05).

Results: Group Zirconia Crown (G1) Showed Significantly Higher Fracture Strength Than Group (G2) Lithium Disilicate Endocrown (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The Zirconia Crown Showed Higher Fracture Resistance Than Lithium Disilicate Endocrown. However, Both Tested Zirconia Crown And Lithium Disilicate Endocrown Withstood The Application Of Axial Occlusal Forces Greater Than The Reference Values For Posterior Occlusal Loads.

Aya Mohamed Adly , Shereen Hafez Ibrahim And Amira Farid El-Zoghby,

ABSTRACT

Objectives: To Compare The Reliability Of A Light Induced Fluorescence Intraoral Camera Versus Those Of The Visual-tactile Assessment Method According To FDI Criteria In Clinical Evaluation Of The Margins Of Resin Composite Restorations.

Materials and Methods: A Total Of 29 Volunteer Patients Having At Least One Or Two (anterior/posterior) Resin Composite Restorations Were Assigned In The Study With Total 40 Restorations Where Each Restoration�s Margins Was Examined By Three Calibrated Examiners With Different Levels Of Experience Using Two Diagnostic Methods, Visual-tactile Assessment Method (FDI Criteria) (D1) And Light Induced Fluorescence Intraoral Camera (D2). The Assessed Restorations Were Categorized According To Its Location As Anterior Or Posterior Restorations And Each Of Which Were Categorized As Recently Placed (less Than 1 Month) Or Old (more Than 1 Year). Each Diagnostic Method Was Repeated Three Times, Immediate, After 20 Minutes And After One Week Interval To Calculate Intra-examiner Repeatability And Inter-examiner Reproducibility Using Fleiss� Kappa Statistics.

Results: Regarding Intra-examiner Repeatability, Fleiss� Kappa Results Between Different Readings Of Each Examiner In Visual-tactile Method Using FDI Criteria Ranged Between (0.8968 � 0.9886), While For Light Induced Fluorescence Intraoral Camera, It Ranged Between (0.9344 � 1.000). Regarding Inter-examiner Reproducibility, Fleiss� Kappa Results Between The Three Examiners In Visual-tactile Method Using FDI Criteria Ranged Between (0.8032 � 0.9253), While For Light Induced Fluorescence Camera, It Was (1.000). Conclusion: Both Light-induced Fluorescence Camera And Visual-tactile Assessment Method According To FDI Criteria Are Reliable Methods Having Comparable Perfect Agreement Regarding Intra-examiner Repeatability And Inter-examiner Reproducibility In Clinical Evaluation Of Margins Of Resin Composite Restorations.

Donia M. El-Shafey, Mona Fadel Mohamed, Maha El-Baz And Mohamed Adel Ezzat,

ABSTRACT

Objectives: The Aim Of This Clinical Study Was To Evaluate The Marginal Integrity Of Hydroxyapatite Nanofiber Reinforced Flowable Composite (NovaPro� Flow) Compared To A Conventional Resin-based Flowable Composite (Filtek� Z350 XT) During Management Of Initial Carious Lesion In Adult Population Over A One Year Period.

Materials and Methods: A Total Of 26 Volunteer Patients Who Fulfilled The Inclusion Criteria Were Selected To Participate In The Study, With Non-cavitated Initial Occlusal Carious Lesion Were Selected For This Randomized Split-mouth Clinical Trial. A Total Of 52 Sealants Were Placed, In Which Each Patient Had The Two Types Of Flowable Composite; NovaPro� Flow (R1) Was Placed In One Side While Filtek� Z350 XT (R2) Was Placed On The Contralateral Side. Each Sealant Was Independently Evaluated In Terms Of Marginal Integrity After One Week, And Twelve Months Using FDI Criteria With FDI Prob.

Results: After One Week, Both Sealants (R1) And (R2) Had A Score Of (1) (100%). Any Other Score (2, 3, 4, Or 5) Wasn`t Detected At The First Follow Up Interval (0%). After One Year, Score (1) Decreased To (73.1%) In (R1) While (R2) Decreased To (57.7%), Both Sealants Showed Equal Percentage Of Score (2) (19.2%) While Score (3) Was Higher In (R2) (11.5%) Than (R1) (7.7%), And Score (5) Was Only Detected In (R2) (11.5%), But There Was No Significant Difference In The FDI Grading In Both Sealants During Both Follow-up Intervals (P>0.05). Conclusion: Although The Clinical Performance Of Hydroxyapatite Nanofiber Reinforced Flowable Resin Composite Was Better For Marginal Integrity Compared To The Conventional Nanofill Flowable Resin Composite After One Year Of Follow Up, This Difference Was Not Statistically Significant.

Omar Aboel Abbas; Norhan El Dokky And Hany Saber,

ABSTRACT


Aim: To Evaluate Intraoperative Pain Experienced During Pulpal Treatment Of Mandibular Primary Second Molars After Buccal Infiltration With Articaine 4% In Comparison With Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block Using The Same Anesthetic Solution. Subjects And Methods: The Study Consisted Of 22 Patients In The Age Group Of 6-7 Years Old Suffering From Bilaterally Deep Carious Mandibular Primary Second Molars Who Attended The Diagnostic Center Of The Pediatric Dentistry And Dental Public Health Department Faculty Of Dentistry, Cairo University. Medical, Clinical And Radiographic Assessment Were Performed To Confirm The Restorability Of The Mandibular Primary Second Molars. In This Split Mouth Randomized Control Trial Each Participant Was Asked To Pick An Opaque And Sealed Envelope From Two Separate Black And Opaque Boxes To Randomly Choose The Operated Technique And Side On The First Operating Vist. The Other Technique Will Be Implemented On The Other Side On The Upcoming Visit. Caries Removal And Pulpal Treatment Were Videotaped With Both Local Anesthetic Techniques. Videos Were Then Assessed By An Assessor Who Was Completely Blinded From The Technique Of Injection To Fill In A Printed (SEM) Pain Scale Sheet For Each Technique With Each Participant.

Results: 10 Male And 12 Female Subjects Representing 45.5% And 54.5% Respectively Were Included In The Study. 90%, 76% And 52% Of The Participants Were Comfortable With The Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block Technique During Treating The Carious Teeth Regarding The Sound, Eye And Motor Parameters Respectively. While 67%, 48% And 38% Of The Participants Were Comfortable With The Buccal Infiltration Technique During Treating The Carious Teeth Regarding The Sound, Eye And Motor Parameters Respectively. Upon Comparing The Results Of Both Techniques It Was Evident That The Difference Between Both Techniques Were Statistically Insignificant. Conclusion: Buccal Infiltration Technique In 6-7 Years Old Participants Can Be Nearly Effective As The Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block Technique For Anesthetizing Lower Second Primary Molars Undergoing Pulpotomies.

Dina M. El Gedawi, Mostafa E. Gheith And Abdelrahman Mh,

ABSTRACT
Objective: The Aim Of This Study Was To Evaluate Morphology, Surface Roughness And Mechanical Properties Of Glass Fiber Posts (GFPs) After Different Surface Treatment Protocols.

Materials and Methods: A Total Of Forty GFPs With Maximum Diameter Were Be Divided Into Four Groups (n=10): GC- No Surface Treatment (control), GSB- Sandblasted, GHF- Hydrofluoric Acid Etched, GE- Er:YAG Laser Irradiated. The GFPs Surface Morphology Was Evaluated Through Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Surface Roughness Was Measured Using Surface Profilometer And The 3-points Bending Flexural Test Measured Flexural Strength And Elastic Modulus.

Results: SEM Showed Alternation Of Post Surfaces After All Surface Treatments. Analysis Of Surface Roughness Demonstrated Significant Difference Between The Tested Groups At P?0.001. GSB (5.5�0.6) Showed The Highest Roughness Followed By GHF (3.9�0.3), GE (3.2�0.2), Then GC (2.1�0.4). The 3 Points Bending Test Results Were Calculated And Recorded Insignificant Difference Between The Tested Groups At P=0.481 For Maximum Flexure Load (N) As For The Flexure Stress At The Maximum Flexure Load (MPa) It Was Shown Significant Difference Between The Tested Groups At P=0.009. GSB (697.1�96.9N) Showed The Highest Flexure Stress (MPa) Compared To GE (548�112.7N) And GHF (572.9�102.6N). Modulus Of Elasticity (GPa) Showed Significant Difference Between The Tested Groups At P=0.003. GSB (28.9�2.9 MPa) Showed The Highest Modulus Of Elasticity (GPa) Compared To GE (23�4.6 MPa) And GHF (23.6�4 MPa). GC Showed Insignificant Difference With All Tested Treatments. Conclusion: The Different Surface Treatments Used In This Study Showed Alternations Of GFPs Surfaces. They Had No Influence On The Mechanical Properties Of GFPs.

Ahmed Mohamed Ali, Siza Yacoub Zakhary And Suzan Abdul Wanis Amin,

ABSTRACT

Objectives: To Systematically Review And Provide A Pooled Effect Estimate For The Clinical Effects Of Calcium Hydroxide Intracanal Medication In Non-vital Mature Teeth. Data Sources: Electronic-databases Searching, For Published And Grey Literature, And Manual Searching Were Conducted. Study Eligibility Criteria: Only Randomized Clinical Trials Were Included That Compared Calcium Hydroxide To Other Intracanal Medications In Non-vital Immature Teeth. Study Appraisal & Synthesis Methods: The Risk Of Bias Was Assessed Using The RoB 2.0 Cochrane Tool. The Main Outcomes Were Clinical Healing And Analgesic Intake. Risk Ratio Was Calculated For Dichotomous Data With Their 95% Confidence Intervals.

Results: Five Articles Reported In 4 Studies (N=285) Were Included In This Systematic Review. Calcium Hydroxide Was Compared To 6 Other Intracanal Medications. Calcium Hydroxide Had Similar Clinical Healing Effectiveness As Calcium Hydroxide Mixed With Iodoform And Povidine Iodine Paper Points (P-value >0.05) And Similar Effects On Analgesic Intake As Calcium Hydroxide Mixed With Chlorhexidine (P-value >0.05). Conclusion: Calcium Hydroxide Intracanal Medication Alone May Have Similar Clinical Effectiveness Compared To Calcium Hydroxide Mixed With Iodoform And Similar Effects On Analgesic Intake As Calcium Hydroxide Mixed With Chlorhexidine.

Neven Ahmed, Amira Farid Elzoghbi And Rasha Raafat Hassan,

ABSTRACT


Aim: This Study Was Conducted To Evaluate The Role Of Aloe Vera Toothpaste Compared To Fluoride Toothpaste In Changing High To Low Salivary Bacterial Count.

Materials and Methods: Participants Were Divided Into Two Main Groups, ,Group A1: With Fluoride Toothpaste (Signal Cavity Fighter) And Group A2: With Aloe Vera Herbal Toothpaste (AloeDent Triple Action). The Study Took Place Over A Period Of 30 Days .Saliva Collection (to Assess The Bacterial Count) Was Performed At Baseline, After15 Days, And After 30 Days. The Saliva Samples Were Cultured In Plates Contained Mitis Salivarius Bacitracin Agar Selective For�streptococcus Mutans For Determining Streptococcus Mutans�count And Kept At 37�C For 48 Hours In An Incubator. The Bacterial Colonies On The Plates Were Expressed As Number Of Colony Forming Units Per Milliliter (CFU/ml) Of Saliva.

Results: The Results Revealed That, In Aloe Vera Group, The Mean Bacterial Count Was The Highest At Baseline, Significantly Decreased After15 Days, Then Becomes Nearly Constant, With No Significant Difference Between The Mean Values After 15 Days And After 30 Days. In Fluoride Group, The Mean Bacterial Count Was Highest At Baseline, And Then Significantly Decreased Gradually After15 Days And After 30 Days. Conclusion: Both Fluoride And Aloe Vera Are Efficient In Decreasing The Streptococcus Mutans Count In Saliva. Aloe Vera Can Be Used As An Alternative For Fluoride Toothpaste

Samar Seif El Nasr Mohamed, Enas Anter Abd El Ghafar And Nashwa Salah Mohamed,

ABSTRACT
Background: This Study Aimed To Evaluate The Frequency Of Root Fenestration And Dehiscence In A Sample Of Adult Egyptian Population Using CBCT.

Materials and Methods: 100 CBCT Scans Showing Both Maxillary And Mandibular Dentation �with Total Number Of 2576 Teeth� Were Selected From The Database Of OMFR Department, Faculty Of Dentistry, Cairo University, Based On Certain Eligibility Criteria. Identification Of Fenestration And Dehiscence On CBCT Scans Was Done Using The Identification Criteria First Mentioned By Davies Et Al 1974.

Results: Fenestration Was Found In 17 % Of The Population With A Total Of 26 Affected Teeth (representing 1% Of The Involved Teeth) While Dehiscence Was Found In 50% Of The Population With A Total Of 194 Affected Teeth (representing 7.5% Of The Involved Teeth). Upper 2nd Molars Showed The Highest Prevalence Of Fenestration While Lower Central Incisors Showed The Highest Prevalence Of Dehiscence. Gender Was Found Not Significantly Affecting The Incidence Of Both Defects, While Age Was Significantly Affecting The Incidence Of Dehiscence, Where Older Subjects Were Found To Be 11.5 Times More Prone To Develop Dehiscence Than Younger Subjects.

Conclusions: The Relative Common Finding (50%) Of Dehiscence And To Lesser Extent (17%) Fenestrations Supports The Need For CBCT Examination Before Any Surgical &/or Implant Treatment Procedures Even In Areas Believed Previously To Be Safe Zones �lower Anterior Region� To Avoid Complications Related To The Initial Presence Of Fenestrations And Dehiscence.

Nada Ashraf Kamal , Farid Medhat Farid And Yara Rabia Helaly,

ABSTRACT

Objectives: The Study Aimed To Assess The Prevalence Of C-shaped Root Morphology In The Mandibular First And Second Molars Of Egyptian Sub Population Using CBCT.

Materials and Methods: 169 CBCT Scans Including 384 Mandibular First And Second Molars Were Examined Using Planmeca Romexis��Viewer Software. Scans Were Analyzed In The Three Planes Axial, Coronal And Sagittal By Two Oral Radiologists Detecting The Presence Of C-shaped Root Morphology. Qualitative Data Were Presented As Frequencies And Percentages. Inter- And Intra-observer Agreement Was Assessed Using Kappa Statistic For Qualitative Data.

Results: C-shaped Root Was Found In 36 Second Molars Comprising 17.1% Of Second Molars, And No C-root Was Found In First Molars. Conclusion: C-shaped Root Is Not Rare In The Mandibular Second Molars Of The Egyptians Needing The Clinicians To Learn How To Manage Such Cases.

Amani Ahmad Al Tuwirqi,

ABSTRACT
Background/Purpose : Prevention And Management Of Proximal Caries In Primary Teeth Remains A Challenge. This In Vitro Study Aimed To Evaluate The Enamel-protective Potential Of A New Adhesive Agent (G-Coat Plus�) When Used As A Smooth Surface Sealant. Materials And Methods : Twenty Extracted Bovine Permanent Incisors Were Chosen, Then Randomly Distributed Into Two Equal Groups According To The Sealant Material Used: Group I, G-Coat Plus�; And Group II, Clinpro�. The Baseline Surface Microhardness (B-SMH) Of Each Tooth Was Measured In The Area Of The Centralized Working Window With A Vickers Microhardness Testing Machine. The Mean Microhardness Values Were Calculated From The Measurements Taken From Three Indentations Created On Each Tooth. The Teeth Were Then Immersed In Demineralizing Solution For 96 H And Incubated At 37�C To Produce Artificial Carious Lesions. The Calcium (Ca) And Phosphorus (P) Concentrations Of The Demineralizing Solutions Were Analyzed Before And After Tooth Immersion.

Results: The Mean Microhardness Values For Groups I And II Were Statistically Significant At Baseline And After Demineralization (p = 0.007 And P < 0.001, Respectively). No Significant Difference In Mean Microhardness Was Observed Between The Groups At Baseline (p = 0.055) Indicating That Both Materials Had Comparable Results. However, The Difference In Mean Microhardness Between The Groups Was Statistically Significant After Demineralization (p = 0.001), Indicating Changes In The Mineralization Of The Tooth Samples. Statistical Analyses Demonstrated Significant Differences Among The Two Groups Regarding The Mean Ca And P Concentration Values (Ca:, P = 0.028; P, P < 0.001). Conclusion: G-Coat Plus Exhibited Higher Surface Microhardness Than Clinpro. Both Sealant Materials Released Ca And P Ions, Suggesting That Additional Preventive Measures Are Necessary When Using These Materials As Proximal Sealants.

Rasha Saad Zaghlool, Mona Ismail Riadand Mohamed Mostafa,

ABSTRACT


Purpose: The Aim Of This Study Was To Evaluate The Fluoride Release Of New Bioactive Composite Restorative Material (Activa) In Comparison To Two Fluoride Releasing Materials In Vitro At Different Time Intervals.

Materials and Methods: Thirty Specimens Were Prepared 10 Of Each Tested Material (n = 10/group), Activa Bioactive Composite (A1), FUJI II LC Capsules (A2) And Fuji IX Extra Capsules (A3). Specimens Were Prepared According To Manufacturers� Specifications For Each Group Using A Teflon Mold (10mm Diameter By 2mm Depth). Specimens Of Each Material Were Immersed Separately In Deionized Water. Fluoride Release Measurements (?g/cm /day) Were Made1 Day, 1 Week, 1 Month, 2 Months And3 Months. One-way And Repeated Measures Analysis Of Variance Tests Were Used.

Results: The Results Of The Tested Materials Were Collected, Statistically Analyzed Using The ANOVA Test To Determine The Amount Of Fluoride Release Between Different Tested Materials (p<0.001).The Results Indicate That Fuji IX Had The Highest Fluoride Release In Comparison To The Other Activa Bioactive Materials And Fuji II LC Conclusion: All Three Different Restorative Materials Released Fluoride In Deionized Water But Fuji IX Glass-ionomer Showed The Highest Fluoride Release Followed By Fuji II LC And Activa Bioactive Restorative Materials.

Abdelrahman G. Ahmed , Cherif A. Mohsen And Shams W. Amgad,

ABSTRACT
Objective The Purpose Of This Study Was To Evaluate The Effect Of Ceramic Type And Thickness On The Microhardness And Degree Of Polymerization Of Dual Cure Resin Cement.

Materials and Methods: - Ninety Resin Cement Disc Shaped Samples (5 Mm In Diameter And 0.5 Mm In Thickness) Were Fabricated, Samples Were Divided According To Type Of Ceramic Plate That Was Used Into Three Groups (each Group N = 30), Group I : Resin Cement Discs Cured Through Lithium Disilicate Plate. �IPS E.max Cad�, Group II : Resin Cement Discs Cured Through Hybrid Ceramic Plate �Vita Enamic� And Group III : Resin Cement Discs Cured Through Zirconia Reinforced Lithium Silicate Plate �Celtra Duo� . Each Group Was Subdivided Into 3 Sub Groups According To Ceramic Plate Thickness (each Subgroup N = 10), Sub Group I (0.5 Mm Thickness), Sub Group II (1 Mm Thickness) And Sub Group III (2 Mm Thickness) . Then Each Subgroup Was Divided Into Two Other Classes (5 Samples Each) According To Type Of Test (Microhardness, Degree Of Conversion (DC)) Test.samples Which Will Have Being Tested For Microhardness ,mounted In Wilson Micro-Hardness Tester Machine And Will Be Subjected To Static Load Of 50 G For 10 S By Means Of Indenter , A Calibrated Microscope (�50 Magnification) Will Be Used To Measure The Square Indentation. While For Degree Of Conversion Test, The Samples Were Examined By VERTEX 70v FTIR Spectrometer Equipment Operating At 16 Scans At 4cm-1 Resolution . By Using The Change In The Ratio Of The Aliphatic C=C To The Aromatic C=C Before And After Curing, DC Of Resin Was Calculated. The Data Was Collected, Tabulated And Statistically Analyzed. Result: It Was Found That The The Highest Microhardness Mean Value Was Recorded For Emax Groups (22.15�5.04) While The Lowest Microhardness Mean Value Was Recorded For Celtra Duo Groups Which Recorded (16.79�3.62). Besides, It Was Found That The Highest Microhardness Mean Value Was Recorded For Thickness 0.5 Mm Groups (23.62�2.94) While The Lowest Microhardness Mean Value Was Recorded For 2 Mm Groups Which Recorded (13.87�1.56). The Difference Between Groups Was Statistically Significant As Indicated By One Way ANOVA Test P Value < 0.05. For DC Test It Was Found That The Highest (DC) Mean Values Recorded For E-max (36.30�8.84) And The Lowest For Celtra Duo (21.44�8.61) And The Highest DC Mean Value Was Recorded For Thickness 0.5 Mm Groups (38.33�5.91) While The Lowest DC Mean Value Was Recorded For 2 Mm Groups Which Recorded (19.27�5.90).The Difference Between Groups Was Statistically Significant As Indicated By One Way ANOVA Test (P Value < 0.05) Conclusion: Ceramic Composition Affects Polymerization Of Dual?cured Resin Cement Due To Attenuation Of Light Reaching Cement. In This Study, Microhardness And Degree Of Polymerization Of Resin Cement Discs Cured Through Emax Plate Was Significantly Greater Than Vita Enamic Followed By Celtra Duo Plates. Ceramic Thickness Has A High Significant Effect On The Underlying Dual Cure Resin Cement MicroHardness Of The Dual Cure Resin Cement Are More Affected By The Thickness Of Ceramic Than By The Type Of Ceramic Used.

Mustafa Mahmoud Shalaby Ahmed, Wafaa Ahmed Omar And Marwa Mahmoud Ali Bedier,

ABSTRACT


Aim: This In Vitro Study Was Carried Out To Evaluate The Effect Of Lowering The Temperature Used With Continuous Wave Compaction (CWC) From 200�C To 150�C On The Push-out Bond Strength And Interfacial Adaptation Of TotalFill BC Sealer In Relation To AH Plus Sealer.

Materials and Methods: A Total Of Eighty-eight Extracted Human Single-rooted Teeth With Single Straight Root Canals Were Selected For This Study. The Samples Were Randomly Allocated Into Four Groups (n=22) According To The Type Of Sealer Used And The Temperature Of Warming Gutta-percha; (AH Plus/ 150�C), (AH Plus/200�C), (TotalFill BC/150�C) And (TotalFill BC/200�C) Groups. The Roots Were Sectioned Horizontally Into 2 Mm. Thick Slices, And The Bond Strengths Were Measured Using A Standardized Push-out Test. The Mode Of Failure Was Examined By Visual Inspection Under Stereomicroscope. Before The Push-out Test, Five Representative Samples From Each Group Were Randomly Selected To Qualitatively Assess The Interfacial Adaptation Using Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy (ESEM).

Results: The Mean Push-out Bond Strength Values Of The Two Sealers Recorded Significant Lower Values At 150�C Than At 200�C. The Predominant Mode Of Failure Among Groups Was Adhesive Failure, Except For TotalFill BC/200�C Group That Showed Mostly Mixed Failure. Regarding The Interfacial Adaptation, The Mean Gap Width Measurement At 150�C Was Wider Than That At 200�C For Both Sealers.

Conclusions: Using 150�C During CWC Technique Compared To 200�C Significantly Decrease The Bond Strength Values And The Interfacial Adaptation Of TotalFill BC Sealer As Well As AH Plus Sealer.

Osama Jaber Sabri Alshanti, Amr Saleh El-Etreby And Gihan El-Naggar,

ABSTRACT
Objective: The Aim Of The Present Study Is To Evaluate The Effect Of Two Surface Treatments (acid Etching And Sandblasting) On The Shear Bond Strength Of Composite Resin Cement To Pressed And Repressed Lithium Di Silicate Ceramics. Patients And Methods: Fifty Two Lithium Disilicate Discs Were Constructed Of 10mm Diameter And 2mm Thickness And Were Divided Into 2 Groups. Group (P) Composed Of 26 Discs Constructed From Newly Introduced Lithium Disilicate Ingots While Group (R) Composed Of 26 Discs Constructed From Left Over Material That Was Shaped To Resemble An Ingot.

Results: The Discs Were Thermo-cycled In An Attempt To Simulate The Intra-oral Conditions And Its Detrimental Effect On Bond Strength For 5,000 Cycles Which Is Equivalent To 6 Months Of Intra-oral Service And Then The Shear Bond Strength Test Was Initiated. Then The Mode Of Failure Was Examined And All Data Were Collected, Tabulated And Statistically Analyzed To Detect Any Significant Values Among The Tested Groups. Conclusion: The Re-use Of E.max Press Left Over Buttons For Construction Of All Ceramic Restoration Could Be Considered For Socio-economic Reasons. The Type Of Surface Treatment Adopted Greatly Affects The Shear Bond Strength Of Pressed And Repressed Ceramics And Hence The Durability Of Resin Cement Bonded To Ceramics. Sandblasting Cannot Be Considered As A Reliable Surface Treatment When Bonding To Pressed And Repressed Glass Ceramic.

Taha Amer Taha, Ahmed Mohamed Fahmy And Doaa Amr Heshmat,

ABSTRACT

Objectives: This Study Was Aiming To Evaluate Primary Stability Of Implant In Closed Sinus Lifting Cases By Densah Bur In Comparison To Osteotome In Partially Edentulous Patients. The Evaluation Was Carried Out Through Ostell Device Day Of The Surgery, 2, 4, 8 Weeks Postoperative.

Materials and Methods: This Study Was Conducted On Ten Patients. The Patients Were Divided Into Two Equal Groups. Each Patient Was Received 1 Implant At The Edentulous Site Of Missing First Or Second Maxillary Molar. One Group Received Dental Implants Using Closed Sinus Lifting By Osteotome While The Other Group Received Dental Implants Using Closed Sinus Lifting By Densah Bur. After Implant Placement, Smart Peg Is Placed On Implant And Ostell Is Used To Record ISQ. Implant Stability Was Measured Intraoperative And At Week 2, 4, 6, And 8 For Both Groups. The Collected Results Were Tabulated And Statistically Analyzed.

Results: The Study Results Showed That There Was No Statistically Significant Difference Between (Osteotome) And (Densah Bur) Groups In ISQ Reading Except At Week 4 Where The Highest Mean Value Was Found In (Densah Bur) Group, While The Least Mean Value Was Found In (Osteotome) Group. Conclusion: Within The Limitation Of This Study, Densah Bur Can Be Applied For Closed Sinus Lifting In A Simple, Safe And Predictable Way With Reduced Morbidity Without Need To Hand Tapping Force.

Mina W. Yassa, Amal Kaddah And Ahmed E. Fayyad,

ABSTRACT
This Study Was Conducted To Evaluate The Effect Of Cast Modifications On The Adaptation Of Maxillary Denture Base In Completely Edentulous Patients. Three Groups Of Maxillary Complete Dentures Were Fabricated. Each Group Contained 15 Dentures. The First Group Was The Control Group And Did Not Contain Any Modifications. The Second Group Was Modified By Scraping A Postdam Posterior To The Fovea Palatini. The Third Group Was Modified By Scraping A Postdam As Well As Creating A Vertical Box-shaped Depression With Pinhole. Sagittal And Coronal Cuts Were Made On All The Casts Using Specific Points. These Images Were Then Captured And Scanned Using Stereomicroscope (50X Magnification) And Then The Images Were Introduced To An Image Analysis Software For Accurate Gap Measurement. There Was A Statistical Significant Difference Between The Three Groups In Both Sagittal And Coronal Cuts In Favor Of The Modified Casts. The Dentures With Postdam Scraping And Vertical Box With Pinhole Showed Better Adaptation And Less Gap Distance When Compared To The Dentures With Postdam Scraping Only.

Safinaz H. Fahmy , Mai M. Akah And Mona Ismail Riad,

ABSTRACT

Objectives: The Study Aim Was To Evaluate The Retention Rate Of Hydroxyapatite Nanofiber Reinforced Flowable Composite Compared To Conventional Resin-based Flowable Composite During Management Of Initial Non Cavitated Pits And Fissures Carious Lesion In Adult Population Over A One-year Period. Methods: A Total Of 19 Volunteer Patients Ranging In Age From 18 To 28 Years, Diagnosed With At Least 2 Non-cavitated Pit-and-fissure Caries In The First And Second Molars Were Selected For This Randomized Split-mouth Design Trial. A Total Of 38 Sealants, Were Placed. The Teeth Were Sealed With NovaPro� Flow Hydroxyapatite Nanofiber Reinforced Flowable Composite In One Side, While Filtek� Z350 XT Flowable Conventional Resin-based Composite On The Contralateral. Each Restoration Was Independently Evaluated In Terms Of Retention Rate At 1, 6, And 12 Months. Data Were Analyzed Using Wilcoxon Signed-rank Test And Friedman�s Test At P < 0.05.

Results: NovaPro� Flow Hydroxyapatite Showed Complete Retention With 100% At 1, 6, Month Evaluation Periods, While Filtek� Z350 XT Retention Rates Were 100%, 78.9%, Respectively, For The Same Evaluation Periods. At The 12-month Recall, 2 (10.5%) Total Losses Were Observed In Subjects Treated With NovaPro� Flow And 2 Total Losses (15.8%) For Filtek� Z350 XT. No Statistical Significant Difference In The Retention Rate In Both Sealants During Different Follow-up Intervals (P>0.05)

Conclusions: The Retention Rate Of Both Hydroxyapatite Nanofibers Reinforced Flowable Resin Composite And The Conventional Nanofilled Flowable Resin Composite After One Year Of Follow Up Was Comparable. Clinical Relevance: The Clinical Survival Rate Of Both Tested Materials May Indicate Them As Effective Approaches For Preventing Carious Lesions In Permanent Teeth.

Aya Gamal Ashour Hassan , Rasha Raafat Hassan And Mohamed Riad Farid,

ABSTRACT


Aim: This Study Was Conducted To Evaluate The Reproducibility Of CAMBRA And Cariogram As Caries Risk Assessment Among Patient With Age Range Of (18-40) Years Old. Method: 47 Patients Where Included In The Study Which Were Evaluated First With The CAMBRA Chart, Then The Same Data Was Used For Cariogram. All Inputs Where Included Except For The Salivary Buffering Capacity. The Results Were Calculated According To Caries Risk Value (low / Moderate / High / Very High). All Assessment Was Conducted In The First Visit With No Follow Up. Reproducibility Between The Results Given By The Two Models Was Evaluated By Using Kappa Statistical Analysis. Results :The Agreement Between The Two Models Was �Fair� Of Value 0.325 (low), With P-value<0.01 Which Makes The Results Statistically Significant But Not Enough To Make The Result Clinically Significant. From This We Can Conclude That Both Caries Risk Assessment Can Give Almost The Same Result Concerning Risk Assessment Except In The Difference Between High And Very High-risk Patient.

Abdel Hameed M. , Metwally A., Dewdar R. And Rekaby A,

ABSTRACT

Objectives: The Present Study Was Conducted To Compare Between The Polyamide Thermoplastic Resin And Polymethyl Methacrylate Resin With Respect To The Patient Satisfaction As A Primary Outcome And Candidal Adherence As A Secondary Outcome. Subjects And Methods: In This Randomized Clinical Trial, Forty-eight Completely Edentulous Patients Were Randomly Classified Into Two Groups Of Twenty-four Patients Each. Group (I)�had�received A Complete Denture Made From A Polyamide Thermoplastic Material Complete Denture. Group (II) Had Received Complete Denture Made From Polymethyl Methacrylate.�Patient Satisfaction Was Evaluated Using A Questionnaire And Candidal Count Was Evaluated By Collection Of Swabs Cultured On Sabouraud�s Agar Gel Plates.

Results: There Was No Significant Difference In Mean Satisfaction Between Group�I�and Group�II�at Insertion Or 1 Month Periods (p�>0.05), However, There Was A Significant Difference In Mean Satisfaction Between Group�I�and Group�II�in 3 Months And 6 Months Periods (p�< 0.05). The Previously Mentioned Results Revealed That There Was No Significant Difference In Mean CFU Between Group�I�and Group�II�at Insertion Or 1 Month Or 3 Months Period (p�>0.05) Except In 6 Months Period Where There Was A Significant Difference In Mean CFU Between Group�I�and Group�II� (p�< 0.05).

Conclusions: Within The Limitation Of This Study We Can Conclude That, - There Was A Gradual Increase In Patient Satisfaction With Complete Denture Over Time In Both Groups. - Completely Edentulous Patients May Be More Satisfied With The Dentures Made Of Polymethyl Methacrylate More Than The Polyamide Thermoplastic Dentures. - The Polyamide Dentures May Have Less Candida Count Adherence On Their Surface Than Polymethyl Methacrylarelate.

Mohammed Atef Abd El Salam, Eman Sayed Elmasry And Randa Youssef Abd Al Gawad,

ABSTRACT
Background: The Mesio-distal Crown Diameter Of Teeth Is An Important Factor Which Affects The Alignment Of Teeth In The Bony Arches And The Development Of Occlusion During Transition Of The Dentition. Objective: Determine The Combined Mesio-distal Width Of The Permanent Mandibular Incisors And That Of The Maxillary And Mandibular Canines And Premolars In A Group Of Egyptian Children In Rural Areas Of Sohag Governorate. And To Find The Correct Relationship Of The Total Mesio-distal Widths Of Teeth Under Study. Methodology: This Study Was Held On 280 Patients With An Age Range From 12-16 Years Attending Schools In Rural Areas Of Sohag Governorate. Subjects Were Chosen To Be Free From Any Systemic Disease And Their Teeth Weren�t Carious Or Crowded. Impressions Were Made For Upper And Lower Arches. Each Impression Was Poured Immediately In Stone Plaster. Mesio-distal Widths Of Mandibular Incisors And Maxillary And Mandibular Canines And Premolars Were Measured From The Study Models Using Digital Caliper.

Results: The Teeth Size Of Males Was Slightly Larger Than That Of The Females. There Was No Statistical Significant Difference In The Mean Of Mesio-distal Tooth Width Between Right And Left Sides For Almost All Teeth Under Study. A Positive Correlation Existed Between The Sum Of The Mesio-distal Width Of Upper Right Canine And Premolars & The Sum Of The Mesio-distal Width Of The Lower Incisors Among Both Genders Combined. A Positive Correlation Between The Sum Of The Mesio-distal Width Of Upper Left Canine And Premolars & The Sum Of The Mesio-distal Width Of The Lower Incisors Among Both Genders Combined Was Evident. Conclusion: The Mesio-distal Width Of Upper And Lower Canines And Premolars Can Be Predicted By Measuring The Mesio-distal Width Of Lower Incisors Due To The Positive Correlation Found Between Them.

Yasmeen S. Mahmoud, Dalia A. Saba And Taheya A. Moussa,

ABSTRACT


Aim: Evaluation Of Push Out Bond Strength Of Resin Sealer To Dentin After Irrigation With NaOCl Followed Grape Seed Extract (GSE) Versus NaOCl Followed By EDTA. Methods And Material: A Total Of 12 Human Teeth Were Randomly Divided Into 2 Groups; (6 Teeth /group) According To The Irrigation Protocol; Intervention (5.25% NaOCl+ 13% GSE) And Comparator (5.25% NaOCl+ 17% EDTA) Groups. Mechanical Instrumentation Was Performed Coupled With Application Of The Corresponding Irrigant Protocol For Each Group. After Obturation And Thermocycling Of The Roots, Each Root Was Sectioned Horizontally Into 3 Thirds And Subdivided Into 3 Subgroups; Coronal, Middle And Apical (n=6). Each Specimen Was Aligned In The Universal Testing Machine And Push-out Test Was Performed. Statistical Analysis: Data Of Push Out Bond Strength Were Statistically Analysed Using Unpaired T Test (p<0.05).

Results: The Results Showed No Significant Difference In Bond Strength Values (MPa) Between The Intervention And Comparator Subgroups In Coronal (p=0.566), Middle (p=0.382) And Apical (p=0.177) Thirds. Within The Intervention Subgroups, The Bond Strength Values In The Apical Third (17.38�3.8 MPa) Was Significantly Higher (p=0.002) Than That In The Coronal (9.35�0.77 MPa) And The Middle Thirds (12.91�2.23 MPa).

Conclusions: Within The Limitations Of The Present Study, It Could Be Concluded That Irrigation With NaOCl Followed By GSE Has A Comparable Effect To NaOCl Followed By EDTA On Push-out Bond Strength Of Resin Sealer. GSE Represents A Better Natural Alternative Irrigant To EDTA Following NaOCl.

Ali Youssef Elgendy, Ehab Elsayed Hassanien, Abeer A. Elhakim Elgendy And Elham Ibrahim Elshaboury,

ABSTRACT


Aim: This Study Aims To Evaluate Tech Biosealer Endo In Comparison With MTA Fillapex And AH Plus Regarding Biocompatibility By Means Of Histochemical Analysis.

Materials and Methods: Tech Biosealer Endo, AH Plus, And MTA Fillapex Were Placed In Polyethylene Tubes And Implanted Into The Dorsum Of Twenty-four Albino Rats. Tissues Biopsies Were Prepared For Histochemical Analysis And Evaluated At One Week, One Month And Two Month Observation Periods After The Implantation Procedure.

Results: AH Plus Presented The Highest Mean Mast Cell Count In All Observation Periods. This Was Followed By Tech Biosealer Endo And MTA Fillapex. The Empty Implanted Polyethylene Tube Showed The Least Mean Mast Cell Count. Mast Cell Degranulation Was Most Noted At The One Week And One Month Observation Periods. Conclusion: It Can Be Concluded That Although The Subcutaneous Tissue Reactions Analyzed In The Present Study Do Not Fully Imitate Those In Root Canals And Periapical Tissues, They Are Valid In That They Comprise A Preliminary Stage In Evaluating The Biocompatibility Of The Tested Root Canal Sealers. All Implanted Sealers Induced Mast Cell Activation And Degranulation.

Khadega Ali Alkhateeb Mai Aboul Fotouh, Fatma Abdelsayed And Fady Fahim,

ABSTRACT

Objectives: The Purpose Of This Study Was To Compare The Parents� Satisfaction Toward The Post-surgical Outcomes In Newborns With Unilateral Cleft Lip And Palate Who Received Presurgical Vacuum Formed Nasoalveolar Molding Aligners (PVFAs) With Those Who Didn�t Undergo PVFAs Therapy, And To Evaluate The Effect Of PVFAs On Parent�s Satisfaction.

Materials and Methods: In This Prospective Controlled Clinical Trial, Twenty-three Non- Syndromic Infants With Unilateral Cleft Lip And Palate (UCLP) Were Included In A Period From April 2017 To April 2018. Sixteen Infants Received Presurgical Vacuum Formed Nasoalveolar Aligners (PVFAs) (Treatment Group), While Seven Infants Did Not (Control Group). At The End Of PVFAs Therapy, Only 14 Infants Succeeded To Complete The Period Of PVFAs Therapy. Questionnaires With Multiple Questions Were Used To Evaluate The Parents� Satisfaction Toward The Post-surgical Esthetics In The Groups And Post PVFAs Therapy In Treatment Group.

Results: The Parents� Satisfaction Was Higher Toward The Post-surgical Outcomes In Infants Who Received PVFAs Therapy Than Those Who Didn�t Receive Any Appliance. Also, Most Of Infants� Parents Exhibited Their High Satisfaction Toward The Outcomes Of PVFAs Therapy In Treatment Group. Conclusion: The Efficiency Of PVFAs Therapy Was High In Reducing The Nasoalveolar Deformities Associated With Newborns With UCLP And Improved The Nasal Symmetry.

Amani Ayman Mohamed, Farid Medhat Farid, Shereen Fathy Ahmed And Salma Belal Eiid,

ABSTRACT
Statement Of Problem: Maxillary Sinus May Have Some Anatomical Variations; One Of These Is The Gothical Arch In The Sinus Floor, The Maxillary Sinus Septum. It Was Noted That Septal Presence During Sinus Lift Procedures Might Cause Sinus Membrane Perforation Leading To Greater Consequences As Graft Migration With Concomitant Graft Failure And Sinus Infection. Moreover, Diagnostic Methods For Verification Of Sinus Disorders, As Endoscopy, May Be Hindered Due To Septal Presence. These Concerns Have Led To A Different Attitude Towards The Maxillary Sinus And Its Anatomical Variations. Aim Of The Study: To Assess The Anatomical Variations (prevalence, Location, Orientation, Origin, Morphology And Height) Of The Maxillary Sinus Septa In A Sample Of Egyptian Population Using 3D Cone Beam Computed Tomography. Materials And Method: This Cross-sectional Study Evaluated 111 Maxillary Sinuses Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography. Presence Of Septa, Location, Orientation, Origin, Morphology And Height Were Evaluated And Recorded. Inter And Intra Observer Agreement Were Done Using Kappa Statistics.

Results: The Prevalence Of Septa Was 33.3% In This Study. Analysis Of The Location Of The Septa Revealed That 39.5% Were In The Middle, 37.2% In The Anterior And 23.2% In The Posterior Areas. Among All Septa, The Majority Of The Maxillary Sinus Septa Traversed The Sinus In A Buccopalatal Direction (76.7%). The Mean Height Of Vertical Septa Was 7.21 Mm � 5.02 Mm, While The Horizontal Septa Presented At A Mean Level Of 13.09 �3.6 Mm From The Floor. Conclusion: Maxillary Sinus Septa Can Jeopardize The Oral And Maxillofacial And ENT Surgeons� Plans Astoundingly If Not Well Assessed. Fortunately, Pre-operative Planning Using CBCT Can Be Very Fruitful In Determining The Unique Septal Expression In Every Subject.

Ramy Magdy Abaza, Mostafa Mohamed Hosny And Hazem Mohamed Mandour,

ABSTRACT
Background: The Aim Of The Present Study Was To Determine Age And Gender Radio-graphically Based On Comparison Between CBCT And Panoramic Views Of Maxillary Sinuses. Methods: One Hundred And Twenty Patients Were Selected. Patient Divided Into Three Groups According To The Age Each Group Consist Of 40 Patients. Group 1: Young Adults (14-20 Years). Group 2: Adults (21-40 Years). Group 3: Elderly (>40 Years). CBCT And Panoramic Radiographs Were Taken For Every Patient To Evaluate Of The Volume, Vertical As Well As Horizontal Dimensions Of Maxillary Sinus.

Results: In (14-20 Years) Age Group, CBCT Was Higher Predictive Than Panorama In Height And Width. In Age Group (21-40 Years); CBCT Was Higher Predictive Than Panorama In Width And Height. While In Age Group (>40 Years); Both CBCT And Panorama Was Same Predictive Results In Both Width And Height. In (14-20 Years) Age Group CBCT Left Side MS Volume Was Higher Predictive Than Right Side. In (21-40 Years) Age Group Right Side Is Higher Predictive Than Left Side In MS Volume. In (>40 Years) Age Group CBCT Right Side Is Predictive As Left Side In MS Volume. Conclusion: CBCT Images Provide Reliable Volumetric Information For Gender And Age Determination.

Ahamed Mostafa Ahamed Elhashash, Mostafa Mohamed Hosny And Mohamed Mohamed Bayoumi,

ABSTRACT
Background: The Aim Of This Study Was To Evaluate Clinical Outcome Of The Use Of Concentrated Rich Plasma Growth Factors And Tri Calcium Phosphate With Immediate Implant At Sites Of Advanced Periodontal Destruction. Methods: Twenty Patients (8 Males And 12 Females; Age Range: 28 To 42 Years) With Advanced Periodontal Destruction Were Participated In This Study. After Tooth Extraction The Socket Was Cleaned And Irrigated With Normal Saline And Currated By Remove Any Granulation Tissue. The Implant Then Was Applied At The Socket With CGFs Membrane Around It. Beta Tri Calcium Phosphate Particles Was Applied Into The Small Gap Between The Implant And Bone And Buccally To Augment The Absorbed Crestal Bone Using A Plastic Or Titanium Applicator. The Bone Graft Particles Then Covered By The CGF Membrane. Modified Plaque Index (PI), Gingival Index (GI), Peri-implant Probing Depth (PD) And Osstell Were Assessed After, 3 And 6 Months Following Treatment To Monitor The Patient Oral Hygiene Status. Marginal Bone Loss And Bone Density Were Evaluated 3 And 6 Months.

Results: Mean Modified Plaque Index And Modified Gingival Index Was A Statistically Non-significant At 6 Months. Mean Probing Depth Was Statistically Significant At 6 Months. Mean Crestal Bone Loss At 6 Months Was 1.0 � 0.5 At Buccal Surface And 0.9� 0.4 At Lingual Surface. At 3 Months The Mean Bone Density Was 647.40 � 138.48 While At 6 Months It Was 788.50� 105.51. The Difference Was A Statistically Significant At 6 Months. Conclusion: Within The Limits Of The Present Study, The Use Of CGFs With The Immediate Placement Of Dental Implants In Periodontally Compromised Extraction Sites Reduces Marginal Bone Loss Around The Implant.

Ahmed Abdelmaqsoud Abdelmageed Saad, Hazem Mohamed Mandour And Mostafa Mohamed Hosny,

ABSTRACT
Background: The Aim Of The Present Study Was To Evaluate Clinically And Radiographically, The Alveolar Bone Status After Socket Preservation Using ?-tricalcium Phosphate With And Without IPRF Of Extracted Teeth Affected By Periodontitis Stage IV Grade C. .Methods: The Patients Were Randomly Assigned To Two Groups: Group I: (10 Patients) For Those Periodontal Surgical Procedures Of The Defects Were Filled With ? Tricalcium Phosphate Alone. Groups II: (10 Patients) Were Received Periodontal Surgical Procedures Where The Defect Was Filled With ? Tricalcium Phosphate Mixed With I-PRF. Cone Beam Computed Tomography Were Taken At Time Of Initial Examination And At 6 Months To Evaluate The Alveolar Bone Length, Width And Density.

Results: In The Present Study, Immediately, And 6 Months; There Was No Statistically Significant Difference Between Lengths In The Two Groups. ?-TCP /I-PRF Group Showed A Statistically Significant Less Percentage Of Change Than ?-TCP Group. Immediately, And 6 Months; There Was No Statistically Significant Difference Between Width In The Two Groups. ?-TCP /I-PRF Group Showed A Statistically Significant Less Percentage Of Change Than ?-TCP Group. Immediately, And 6 Months; There Was No Statistically Significant Difference Between Mean Density In The Two Groups. ?-TCP /I-PRF Group Showed A Statistically Significant Increase Bone Densitythan ?-TCP Group. Conclusion: Extraction Sockets Treated With I-PRF Combined With Alloplast Showed Least Reduction In Alveolar Ridge Width And Height At The End Of The Study Period, As Well As Greatest Increase In Bone Density Than The Other Studied Groups. Immediate Socket Augmentation Might Provide Advantages In The Management Of Extraction Sockets In Periodontally Compromised Teeth.

Mohamed Ahmady Abdelrahman Ahmed, Ahmed Ahmed Hussein Elfeky And Ahmed Mohamed Hosney,

ABSTRACT
Background: The Present Study Was Performed To Evaluate Immediate Implant Placement With Socket-shield Technique By Bone Trephine Bur Versus Conventional Technique In Maxillary Aesthetic Zone. Methods: Patients Were Randomly Divided In To Two Groups:For Group A: Immediate Implant With Socket-shield Technique By Surgical Bur. For Group B: Immediate Implant Placement With Socket-shield Technique By Trephine Bur. After Surgery Each Patient Were Evaluated As Follows: Pain (VAS), Peri-implant Infections With Suppuration, Implant Stability, Marginal Bone Height And Bone Density Around The Implant At Interval 3, 6 Months.

Results: In The Present Study, Clean Cut: Trephine Group Showed A High Clean Cut (100.0%) Than Conventional (bur) Group (62.5%). Trephine Group No Chance To Harm Adjacent Teeth (0.0%) Than Conventional (bur) Group That Has (25.0 %) To Harm Adjacent Teeth. At 1, 2, 3 And 6 Months; There Was No Statistically Significant Difference In Mean Marginal Bone Loss And Mean Bone Density Measurements In The Two Groups. Conclusion: Socket Shield Represents A Promising Technique To Preserve The Extraction Site Associated With Implant Placement. By Using The Trephine, A Circular Clean Cut Is Obtained. Trephine Group Showed A Less Time Of Operation Than Conventional (bur) Group.

A.S. Rozeik, K. Fawzy El-Sayed, And S. El-Kholy,

ABSTRACT
Objective: The Present Study�s Aim Was To Test The Proliferation And Adhesion Of Human Gingival Fibroblasts To Different Polymer Dental Implant-abutment Materials Including Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) And Hydroxyapatite Reinforced Polyetheretherketone (HA-PEEK) In Comparisons To Conventional Abutment Materials As Titanium (Ti).

Materials and Methods: 40 Specimens Per Group Were Prepared With The Dimension Of 10 Mm (length) � 10 Mm (width) � 1 Mm (height) Per Specimen. Wettability Properties Of The Materials Were Assessed By Water Contact Angle Measurement (after The Adjustment Of Their Surface Roughness). Human Gingival Fibroblasts (HGFs) Proliferation Was Assessed Using Proliferation Assay After 24 Hours And 72 Hours Cell Culture. While, Cell Adhesion Strength Was Evaluated After 24 Hours Of Cell Culture By Applying Lateral Shear Forces In The Form Of Two Shaking Intensities 320 And 560 Rpm.

Results: Regarding The Wettability Properties Using The Water Contact Angle System, Ti Showed The Lowest Contact Angle Followed By PEEK And HA-PEEK With No Statistical Significance Difference (P> 0.05). While, HA-PEEK Showed The Highest Ratio Of Cell Viability At 24 Hours Followed By PEEK And Ti With No Statistically Significant Difference Between The Tested Groups (P> 0.05). While, At 72 Hours Ti Showed The Highest Ratio Of Cell Viability Followed By HA-PEEK And PEEK With Statistically Significant Difference Between Ti And PEEK Groups (P> 0.05) Using MTT Proliferation Assay. Furthermore, PEEK Showed The Best Adhesion Strength After 320 Rpm Shaking Intensities Followed By HA-PEEK And Ti. While At 560 Rpm, HA-PEEK Showed The Best Adhesion Strength Followed By PEEK And Ti. Conclusion: Dental Implant Abutment Material And Its Wettability Affect HGFs Proliferation And Adhesion. Furthermore, Polymer Abutment Materials Showed Similar Interaction Properties With HGFs Regarding Proliferation And Adhesion In Comparison To The Conventional Titanium Abutment Material.

Rahma A Abuhashema, Mai M Akah, Noha S Abu-Taleb And Omayma M Safwat,

ABSTRACT
Objective: The Purpose Of This Clinical Trial Was To Assess The Effect Of Glass Ionomer Restoration With And Without Application Of Nano Silver Fluoride (NSF) Solution On The Remaining Carious Dentin Remineralization And Tertiary Dentin Formation After Partial Caries Removal In Occlusal Carious Molars. Methods: This Was A Split Mouth Study That Included Twenty-two Patients Having Two Contralateral Deep Occlusal Carious Molars. A Total Of 44 Cavities Were Prepared With Partial Caries Excavation Technique. For Each Patient, The Cavity At One Side Was Treated With 0.2 Ml Of NSF Solution Prior To Glass Ionomer Restoration With Glass Hybrid System; This Comprised The Study Group. For The Other Side, Glass Hybrid Was Directly Applied Into The Cavity; This Comprised The Control Group. Standardized Digital Periapical Radiographs Were Performed At Baseline And After 6 Months. The Carious Dentin Density And The Remaining Dentin Thickness Were Assessed.

Results: 16 Out Of The 22 Included Patients Completed The Study. Statistically Significant Increase In Both The Dentin Density And The Remaining Dentin Thickness Were Found In Both Groups After 6 Months. The Percentage Change In The Density After 6 Months Was Significantly Higher For The Study Group. However, No Statistically Significant Difference Was Found Between Both Groups In The Thickness Of The Tertiary Dentin Formed. One Case Of Clinical Failure In Each Group Was Observed.

Conclusions: Partial Caries Removal For Deep Carious Lesions And Glass Hybrid Restoration With And Without Prior Application Of NSF Proved Remineralization Of The Remaining Carious Dentin, And Tertiary Dentin Formation. Carious Dentin Remineralization Was Better Using NSF Which Indicates Its Promising Role In Caries Arrest.

Nada Farid Shehab, Reham ElBasty And Hesham Katamish,

ABSTRACT
Statement Of Problem: Veneered Zirconia Restorations Exhibit Very High Modulus Of Elasticity And High Incidence Of Veneer Chipping. Therefore, The Continuous Search For High Strength Esthetic Restorations Is Never Ending.

Purpose: To Evaluate The Fracture Resistance And Mode Of Failure Of Of CAD/CAM Milled PEEK Core Veneered By Milled High Impact Polymer Composite Compared To CAD-On Zirconia Core Veneered By Lithium Disilicate.

Materials and Methods: Fourteen Freshly Extracted Molars Were Mounted In Epoxy Blocks And Uniformly Prepared With A 1.0 Mm Circular Deep Chamfer Finish Line. They Were Divided In To Two Groups According To The Type Of Material (n=7): Group A: Teeth Restored By ZirCAD Core Veneered By E.max-CAD And Group B: Teeth Restored By PEEK BioHPP Core Veneered By HIPC. All Crowns Were Adhesively Cemented. They Were Then Subjected To Thermo-mechanical Aging Using A Chewing Simulator Then Static Compressive Loading Till Failure Using A Universal Testing Machine And Failure Types Were Determined.

Results: PEEK Group Recorded Statistically Non-significant (p>0.05) Higher Fracture Resistance Mean Value (2851.1�241.02 N) Than Zirconia Group (2786�240 N) As Indicated By Unpaired T-test. The Mode Of Fracture In Zirconia Group Was Manifested As Veneer Chipping In Almost All Of The Specimens. All PEEK Specimens Showed Cohesive Failure In Both Core And Veneer Layers Upon Failure.

Conclusions: Within The Limitations Of This Study, It Can Be Concluded That PEEK Veneered By HIPC Can Be Considered A Potential Permanent Crown And Bridge Material With Comparable Results To Veneered Zirconia Restorations.

Michael Emad, Carl Hany And Hesham Katamish,

ABSTRACT
Statement Of Problem: Marginal Inaccuracy Causes A Space Between Restoration And Prepared Tooth, Which Accelerates Cement Dissolution, Leading To Secondary Caries, Pulpal Lesions, Postoperative Sensitivity, Periodontal Disease And Marginal Discoloration. Marginal Gap Should Be Less Than 120�m. Aim Of This Study Is To Evaluate Vertical Marginal Gap Of PEEK (Bio-HPP) Veneered With CAD/CAM Composite Veneer (HIPC) As Compared To Zirconia Veneered With CAD-On Lithium Disilicate Glass Ceramic. And The Effect Of Ageing On The Gap Of Both Restorations.

Materials and Methods: 40 Extracted Molars Were Prepared, Divided Into Two Groups, Control Group (ZR) (n=20), Teeth Restored With IPS E.max ZirCAD Copings Veneered With IPS E.max CAD And Intervention Group (PEEK) (n=20), Teeth Restored With BreCAM BioHPP Copings Veneered With BreCAM.HIPC. Each Specimen Was Photographed Using Leica S8 APO Stereomicroscope Under Magnification 32X And Image Analysis Was Done. Measurements Were Taken Twice Before And After Thermo-mechanical Cycling.

Results: PEEK Group Recorded Higher Gap Mean Values (49.88�7.97um) Than Zirconia (18.39�3.1um). This Was Significantly (p < 0.05) As Confirmed By Mann-Whitney Test, But All Measurements Were Clinically Acceptable. And Thermo-mechanical Cycling Had No Effect Of On Both Groups. Conclusion: PEEK Veneered With Composite Can Be Used Intra Orally For Single Crown Restorations.

Angel W. Habib , Moustafa N. Aboushelib And A.Nour A. Habib,

ABSTRACT

Objectives: To Study The Effect Of Aging On The Surface Roughness And Surface Hardness Of Stained Different Dental Ceramics.

Materials & Methods: Six Different All Ceramic Substrates (n=10/material) Mark II, Empress CAD, E.max CAD, ZirCAD LT, ZirCAD MT Multi And Suprinity Were Used. The Ceramic Materials Were Stained With Either IPS Ivocolor (n=5/material) Or Vita Akzent Stain (n=5/material). Aging Was Done According To ISO 6872. The Surface Roughness (Ra) Was Evaluated Using Profilometer, While The Surface Microstructure Was Examined Using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The Surface Hardness Was Measured Using Vicker�s Hardness Test. All These Tests Were Performed Before And After Aging. The Two-way ANOVA Tests And Bonferroni�s Post-hoc Test Were Used For Statistical Analysis.

Results: Aging Had Significantly Increased The Surface Roughness (?Ra) In All Specimens. The SEM Images Supported These Results As It Showed Scratches And Pitting Of The Surface. Aging Also Significantly Decreased The Surface Hardness, However ZirCAD LT When Stained With IPS Ivocolor And ZirCAD MT Multi And E.max When Stained With Vita Akzent Showed Significant Increase.

Conclusions: Aging Had Significantly Affected The Surface Roughness And Hardness Of The Stained Monolithic Ceramics.

Mostafa Magdy Awad Mostafa, Mona Shoeib And Hani El-Nahass,

ABSTRACT
Objective: The Aim Of This Study Is To Clinically Evaluate The Stability Of Short Implants (5.5mm) Versus Standard Implant (10mm) Placed With Osteotome Sinus Floor Elevation In Patients With Edentulous Posterior Maxilla.

Materials and Methods: The Purpose Of This Study Is To Clinically Evaluate The Stability Of Short Implants (5.5mm) Versus Standard Implants (10mm) Placed With Osteotome Sinus Floor Elevation Technique In Medically Free Patients. This Study Included 16 Implants Placed In 16 Patients. With 8 Implants In Every Group.

Results: Pain And Swelling Were Measured 12 And 8 Days Respectively After Dental Implant Placement. Recession, Probing Depth, Bleeding And Plaque Indices Were Recorded 4 Months And 12 Months After The Day Of Implant Placement. Conclusion: After Analysis Of The Data Of This Present Study, We Can Conclude The Following: The Two Implant Placement Protocols Showed Comparable Implant Stability Quotient (ISQ) And Implant Success. In Terms Of Crestal Bone Loss, No Statistically Significant Difference Was Found Between Both Groups Initially, 6 And 12 Month Followup. Except After 4 Months, A Significantly Higher Mean Crestal Bone Loss Was Recorded In Long Implants With Sinus Lift Higher Results Of Post-operative Pain And Swelling (12 And 8 Days Respectively) Were Evident In The Control Group (standard Implant With Osteotome Sinus Floor Elevation) Than The Intervention Group (short Implant 5.5mm). But Found To Be Statistically Insignificant PPD, And MPI Showed No Statistically Significant Difference Between Both Groups. MBI Showed A Significant Higher Values In Long Implants After 4 Months (p=0.006) Than Short Implants.

Laila Akmal, Mai Yousry, Essam Abd Elhafez And Mai Mamdouh,

ABSTRACT


Aim: The Aim Of The Study Was To Assess The Efficacy Of Caries Excavation Using The Papain-based Chemo-mechanical Method (Brix 3000) In The Reduction Of Streptococcus Mutans Count In Occlusal Carious Cavities

Materials and Methods: Twenty-three Patients Having Decayed Molars Were Selected Randomly And Divided Into Two Groups: Group A Before Being Treated By Brix 3000, Group B After Being Treated By Brix 3000. Two Dentin Samples Were Collected Before And After Caries Removal And Were Immediately Transferred To Sterile Disposable Test Tube Containing 1.5 Ml Thioglycollate Medium. Statistical Analysis Was Done Using Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test For Paired (matched) Samples.

Results: The Results Revealed A Statistically Significant Difference In The Mean Values Between Dentin Samples At The Baseline 230.2 � 76.1and After The Application Of The Brix 104.1 � 43.0 In CFU/ml Where (p<0.001). Conclusion: Brix 3000 Is A Viable Option For The Minimally Invasive Removal Of Dental Carious Tissue, Obtaining Significant Reductions In Total Bacterial Count.