Ahamed Mostafa Ahamed Elhashash, Mostafa Mohamed Hosny And Mohamed Mohamed Bayoumi,

ABSTRACT
Background: The Aim Of This Study Was To Evaluate Clinical Outcome Of The Use Of Concentrated Rich Plasma Growth Factors And Tri Calcium Phosphate With Immediate Implant At Sites Of Advanced Periodontal Destruction. Methods: Twenty Patients (8 Males And 12 Females; Age Range: 28 To 42 Years) With Advanced Periodontal Destruction Were Participated In This Study. After Tooth Extraction The Socket Was Cleaned And Irrigated With Normal Saline And Currated By Remove Any Granulation Tissue. The Implant Then Was Applied At The Socket With CGFs Membrane Around It. Beta Tri Calcium Phosphate Particles Was Applied Into The Small Gap Between The Implant And Bone And Buccally To Augment The Absorbed Crestal Bone Using A Plastic Or Titanium Applicator. The Bone Graft Particles Then Covered By The CGF Membrane. Modified Plaque Index (PI), Gingival Index (GI), Peri-implant Probing Depth (PD) And Osstell Were Assessed After, 3 And 6 Months Following Treatment To Monitor The Patient Oral Hygiene Status. Marginal Bone Loss And Bone Density Were Evaluated 3 And 6 Months.

Results: Mean Modified Plaque Index And Modified Gingival Index Was A Statistically Non-significant At 6 Months. Mean Probing Depth Was Statistically Significant At 6 Months. Mean Crestal Bone Loss At 6 Months Was 1.0 � 0.5 At Buccal Surface And 0.9� 0.4 At Lingual Surface. At 3 Months The Mean Bone Density Was 647.40 � 138.48 While At 6 Months It Was 788.50� 105.51. The Difference Was A Statistically Significant At 6 Months. Conclusion: Within The Limits Of The Present Study, The Use Of CGFs With The Immediate Placement Of Dental Implants In Periodontally Compromised Extraction Sites Reduces Marginal Bone Loss Around The Implant.

Ahmed Abdelmaqsoud Abdelmageed Saad, Hazem Mohamed Mandour And Mostafa Mohamed Hosny,

ABSTRACT
Background: The Aim Of The Present Study Was To Evaluate Clinically And Radiographically, The Alveolar Bone Status After Socket Preservation Using ?-tricalcium Phosphate With And Without IPRF Of Extracted Teeth Affected By Periodontitis Stage IV Grade C. .Methods: The Patients Were Randomly Assigned To Two Groups: Group I: (10 Patients) For Those Periodontal Surgical Procedures Of The Defects Were Filled With ? Tricalcium Phosphate Alone. Groups II: (10 Patients) Were Received Periodontal Surgical Procedures Where The Defect Was Filled With ? Tricalcium Phosphate Mixed With I-PRF. Cone Beam Computed Tomography Were Taken At Time Of Initial Examination And At 6 Months To Evaluate The Alveolar Bone Length, Width And Density.

Results: In The Present Study, Immediately, And 6 Months; There Was No Statistically Significant Difference Between Lengths In The Two Groups. ?-TCP /I-PRF Group Showed A Statistically Significant Less Percentage Of Change Than ?-TCP Group. Immediately, And 6 Months; There Was No Statistically Significant Difference Between Width In The Two Groups. ?-TCP /I-PRF Group Showed A Statistically Significant Less Percentage Of Change Than ?-TCP Group. Immediately, And 6 Months; There Was No Statistically Significant Difference Between Mean Density In The Two Groups. ?-TCP /I-PRF Group Showed A Statistically Significant Increase Bone Densitythan ?-TCP Group. Conclusion: Extraction Sockets Treated With I-PRF Combined With Alloplast Showed Least Reduction In Alveolar Ridge Width And Height At The End Of The Study Period, As Well As Greatest Increase In Bone Density Than The Other Studied Groups. Immediate Socket Augmentation Might Provide Advantages In The Management Of Extraction Sockets In Periodontally Compromised Teeth.

Mohamed Ahmady Abdelrahman Ahmed, Ahmed Ahmed Hussein Elfeky And Ahmed Mohamed Hosney,

ABSTRACT
Background: The Present Study Was Performed To Evaluate Immediate Implant Placement With Socket-shield Technique By Bone Trephine Bur Versus Conventional Technique In Maxillary Aesthetic Zone. Methods: Patients Were Randomly Divided In To Two Groups:For Group A: Immediate Implant With Socket-shield Technique By Surgical Bur. For Group B: Immediate Implant Placement With Socket-shield Technique By Trephine Bur. After Surgery Each Patient Were Evaluated As Follows: Pain (VAS), Peri-implant Infections With Suppuration, Implant Stability, Marginal Bone Height And Bone Density Around The Implant At Interval 3, 6 Months.

Results: In The Present Study, Clean Cut: Trephine Group Showed A High Clean Cut (100.0%) Than Conventional (bur) Group (62.5%). Trephine Group No Chance To Harm Adjacent Teeth (0.0%) Than Conventional (bur) Group That Has (25.0 %) To Harm Adjacent Teeth. At 1, 2, 3 And 6 Months; There Was No Statistically Significant Difference In Mean Marginal Bone Loss And Mean Bone Density Measurements In The Two Groups. Conclusion: Socket Shield Represents A Promising Technique To Preserve The Extraction Site Associated With Implant Placement. By Using The Trephine, A Circular Clean Cut Is Obtained. Trephine Group Showed A Less Time Of Operation Than Conventional (bur) Group.

A.S. Rozeik, K. Fawzy El-Sayed, And S. El-Kholy,

ABSTRACT
Objective: The Present Study�s Aim Was To Test The Proliferation And Adhesion Of Human Gingival Fibroblasts To Different Polymer Dental Implant-abutment Materials Including Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) And Hydroxyapatite Reinforced Polyetheretherketone (HA-PEEK) In Comparisons To Conventional Abutment Materials As Titanium (Ti).

Materials and Methods: 40 Specimens Per Group Were Prepared With The Dimension Of 10 Mm (length) � 10 Mm (width) � 1 Mm (height) Per Specimen. Wettability Properties Of The Materials Were Assessed By Water Contact Angle Measurement (after The Adjustment Of Their Surface Roughness). Human Gingival Fibroblasts (HGFs) Proliferation Was Assessed Using Proliferation Assay After 24 Hours And 72 Hours Cell Culture. While, Cell Adhesion Strength Was Evaluated After 24 Hours Of Cell Culture By Applying Lateral Shear Forces In The Form Of Two Shaking Intensities 320 And 560 Rpm.

Results: Regarding The Wettability Properties Using The Water Contact Angle System, Ti Showed The Lowest Contact Angle Followed By PEEK And HA-PEEK With No Statistical Significance Difference (P> 0.05). While, HA-PEEK Showed The Highest Ratio Of Cell Viability At 24 Hours Followed By PEEK And Ti With No Statistically Significant Difference Between The Tested Groups (P> 0.05). While, At 72 Hours Ti Showed The Highest Ratio Of Cell Viability Followed By HA-PEEK And PEEK With Statistically Significant Difference Between Ti And PEEK Groups (P> 0.05) Using MTT Proliferation Assay. Furthermore, PEEK Showed The Best Adhesion Strength After 320 Rpm Shaking Intensities Followed By HA-PEEK And Ti. While At 560 Rpm, HA-PEEK Showed The Best Adhesion Strength Followed By PEEK And Ti. Conclusion: Dental Implant Abutment Material And Its Wettability Affect HGFs Proliferation And Adhesion. Furthermore, Polymer Abutment Materials Showed Similar Interaction Properties With HGFs Regarding Proliferation And Adhesion In Comparison To The Conventional Titanium Abutment Material.

Rahma A Abuhashema, Mai M Akah, Noha S Abu-Taleb And Omayma M Safwat,

ABSTRACT
Objective: The Purpose Of This Clinical Trial Was To Assess The Effect Of Glass Ionomer Restoration With And Without Application Of Nano Silver Fluoride (NSF) Solution On The Remaining Carious Dentin Remineralization And Tertiary Dentin Formation After Partial Caries Removal In Occlusal Carious Molars. Methods: This Was A Split Mouth Study That Included Twenty-two Patients Having Two Contralateral Deep Occlusal Carious Molars. A Total Of 44 Cavities Were Prepared With Partial Caries Excavation Technique. For Each Patient, The Cavity At One Side Was Treated With 0.2 Ml Of NSF Solution Prior To Glass Ionomer Restoration With Glass Hybrid System; This Comprised The Study Group. For The Other Side, Glass Hybrid Was Directly Applied Into The Cavity; This Comprised The Control Group. Standardized Digital Periapical Radiographs Were Performed At Baseline And After 6 Months. The Carious Dentin Density And The Remaining Dentin Thickness Were Assessed.

Results: 16 Out Of The 22 Included Patients Completed The Study. Statistically Significant Increase In Both The Dentin Density And The Remaining Dentin Thickness Were Found In Both Groups After 6 Months. The Percentage Change In The Density After 6 Months Was Significantly Higher For The Study Group. However, No Statistically Significant Difference Was Found Between Both Groups In The Thickness Of The Tertiary Dentin Formed. One Case Of Clinical Failure In Each Group Was Observed.

Conclusions: Partial Caries Removal For Deep Carious Lesions And Glass Hybrid Restoration With And Without Prior Application Of NSF Proved Remineralization Of The Remaining Carious Dentin, And Tertiary Dentin Formation. Carious Dentin Remineralization Was Better Using NSF Which Indicates Its Promising Role In Caries Arrest.

Nada Farid Shehab, Reham ElBasty And Hesham Katamish,

ABSTRACT
Statement Of Problem: Veneered Zirconia Restorations Exhibit Very High Modulus Of Elasticity And High Incidence Of Veneer Chipping. Therefore, The Continuous Search For High Strength Esthetic Restorations Is Never Ending.

Purpose: To Evaluate The Fracture Resistance And Mode Of Failure Of Of CAD/CAM Milled PEEK Core Veneered By Milled High Impact Polymer Composite Compared To CAD-On Zirconia Core Veneered By Lithium Disilicate.

Materials and Methods: Fourteen Freshly Extracted Molars Were Mounted In Epoxy Blocks And Uniformly Prepared With A 1.0 Mm Circular Deep Chamfer Finish Line. They Were Divided In To Two Groups According To The Type Of Material (n=7): Group A: Teeth Restored By ZirCAD Core Veneered By E.max-CAD And Group B: Teeth Restored By PEEK BioHPP Core Veneered By HIPC. All Crowns Were Adhesively Cemented. They Were Then Subjected To Thermo-mechanical Aging Using A Chewing Simulator Then Static Compressive Loading Till Failure Using A Universal Testing Machine And Failure Types Were Determined.

Results: PEEK Group Recorded Statistically Non-significant (p>0.05) Higher Fracture Resistance Mean Value (2851.1�241.02 N) Than Zirconia Group (2786�240 N) As Indicated By Unpaired T-test. The Mode Of Fracture In Zirconia Group Was Manifested As Veneer Chipping In Almost All Of The Specimens. All PEEK Specimens Showed Cohesive Failure In Both Core And Veneer Layers Upon Failure.

Conclusions: Within The Limitations Of This Study, It Can Be Concluded That PEEK Veneered By HIPC Can Be Considered A Potential Permanent Crown And Bridge Material With Comparable Results To Veneered Zirconia Restorations.

Michael Emad, Carl Hany And Hesham Katamish,

ABSTRACT
Statement Of Problem: Marginal Inaccuracy Causes A Space Between Restoration And Prepared Tooth, Which Accelerates Cement Dissolution, Leading To Secondary Caries, Pulpal Lesions, Postoperative Sensitivity, Periodontal Disease And Marginal Discoloration. Marginal Gap Should Be Less Than 120�m. Aim Of This Study Is To Evaluate Vertical Marginal Gap Of PEEK (Bio-HPP) Veneered With CAD/CAM Composite Veneer (HIPC) As Compared To Zirconia Veneered With CAD-On Lithium Disilicate Glass Ceramic. And The Effect Of Ageing On The Gap Of Both Restorations.

Materials and Methods: 40 Extracted Molars Were Prepared, Divided Into Two Groups, Control Group (ZR) (n=20), Teeth Restored With IPS E.max ZirCAD Copings Veneered With IPS E.max CAD And Intervention Group (PEEK) (n=20), Teeth Restored With BreCAM BioHPP Copings Veneered With BreCAM.HIPC. Each Specimen Was Photographed Using Leica S8 APO Stereomicroscope Under Magnification 32X And Image Analysis Was Done. Measurements Were Taken Twice Before And After Thermo-mechanical Cycling.

Results: PEEK Group Recorded Higher Gap Mean Values (49.88�7.97um) Than Zirconia (18.39�3.1um). This Was Significantly (p < 0.05) As Confirmed By Mann-Whitney Test, But All Measurements Were Clinically Acceptable. And Thermo-mechanical Cycling Had No Effect Of On Both Groups. Conclusion: PEEK Veneered With Composite Can Be Used Intra Orally For Single Crown Restorations.

Angel W. Habib , Moustafa N. Aboushelib And A.Nour A. Habib,

ABSTRACT

Objectives: To Study The Effect Of Aging On The Surface Roughness And Surface Hardness Of Stained Different Dental Ceramics.

Materials & Methods: Six Different All Ceramic Substrates (n=10/material) Mark II, Empress CAD, E.max CAD, ZirCAD LT, ZirCAD MT Multi And Suprinity Were Used. The Ceramic Materials Were Stained With Either IPS Ivocolor (n=5/material) Or Vita Akzent Stain (n=5/material). Aging Was Done According To ISO 6872. The Surface Roughness (Ra) Was Evaluated Using Profilometer, While The Surface Microstructure Was Examined Using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The Surface Hardness Was Measured Using Vicker�s Hardness Test. All These Tests Were Performed Before And After Aging. The Two-way ANOVA Tests And Bonferroni�s Post-hoc Test Were Used For Statistical Analysis.

Results: Aging Had Significantly Increased The Surface Roughness (?Ra) In All Specimens. The SEM Images Supported These Results As It Showed Scratches And Pitting Of The Surface. Aging Also Significantly Decreased The Surface Hardness, However ZirCAD LT When Stained With IPS Ivocolor And ZirCAD MT Multi And E.max When Stained With Vita Akzent Showed Significant Increase.

Conclusions: Aging Had Significantly Affected The Surface Roughness And Hardness Of The Stained Monolithic Ceramics.

Mostafa Magdy Awad Mostafa, Mona Shoeib And Hani El-Nahass,

ABSTRACT
Objective: The Aim Of This Study Is To Clinically Evaluate The Stability Of Short Implants (5.5mm) Versus Standard Implant (10mm) Placed With Osteotome Sinus Floor Elevation In Patients With Edentulous Posterior Maxilla.

Materials and Methods: The Purpose Of This Study Is To Clinically Evaluate The Stability Of Short Implants (5.5mm) Versus Standard Implants (10mm) Placed With Osteotome Sinus Floor Elevation Technique In Medically Free Patients. This Study Included 16 Implants Placed In 16 Patients. With 8 Implants In Every Group.

Results: Pain And Swelling Were Measured 12 And 8 Days Respectively After Dental Implant Placement. Recession, Probing Depth, Bleeding And Plaque Indices Were Recorded 4 Months And 12 Months After The Day Of Implant Placement. Conclusion: After Analysis Of The Data Of This Present Study, We Can Conclude The Following: The Two Implant Placement Protocols Showed Comparable Implant Stability Quotient (ISQ) And Implant Success. In Terms Of Crestal Bone Loss, No Statistically Significant Difference Was Found Between Both Groups Initially, 6 And 12 Month Followup. Except After 4 Months, A Significantly Higher Mean Crestal Bone Loss Was Recorded In Long Implants With Sinus Lift Higher Results Of Post-operative Pain And Swelling (12 And 8 Days Respectively) Were Evident In The Control Group (standard Implant With Osteotome Sinus Floor Elevation) Than The Intervention Group (short Implant 5.5mm). But Found To Be Statistically Insignificant PPD, And MPI Showed No Statistically Significant Difference Between Both Groups. MBI Showed A Significant Higher Values In Long Implants After 4 Months (p=0.006) Than Short Implants.

Laila Akmal, Mai Yousry, Essam Abd Elhafez And Mai Mamdouh,

ABSTRACT


Aim: The Aim Of The Study Was To Assess The Efficacy Of Caries Excavation Using The Papain-based Chemo-mechanical Method (Brix 3000) In The Reduction Of Streptococcus Mutans Count In Occlusal Carious Cavities

Materials and Methods: Twenty-three Patients Having Decayed Molars Were Selected Randomly And Divided Into Two Groups: Group A Before Being Treated By Brix 3000, Group B After Being Treated By Brix 3000. Two Dentin Samples Were Collected Before And After Caries Removal And Were Immediately Transferred To Sterile Disposable Test Tube Containing 1.5 Ml Thioglycollate Medium. Statistical Analysis Was Done Using Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test For Paired (matched) Samples.

Results: The Results Revealed A Statistically Significant Difference In The Mean Values Between Dentin Samples At The Baseline 230.2 � 76.1and After The Application Of The Brix 104.1 � 43.0 In CFU/ml Where (p<0.001). Conclusion: Brix 3000 Is A Viable Option For The Minimally Invasive Removal Of Dental Carious Tissue, Obtaining Significant Reductions In Total Bacterial Count.

Hoda O. Fouda, Mohamed F. Haridy And Mohamed R. Farid,

ABSTRACT


Aim: To Evaluate The Efficacy Of Immediate Dentin Sealing Using Universal Adhesive In Comparison To Delayed Dentin Sealing In The Reduction Of The Hypersensitivity In Teeth Prepared For Indirect Tooth Composite Restorations Using Visual Analog Scale (VAS).

Materials and Methods: Fifty-four Patients Between 18 And 30 Years Of Age Were Recruited And Randomized To The Treatment Protocols. After Baseline Preoperative Data Collection, Diagnosis Of Caries Was Done Depending On The Basis Of Clinical Examination That Was Done Tentatively And Radiographic Examination Was Done As Well. After Cavity Preparation Was Done, For The Cavities To Be Managed With Immediate Dentine Sealing, The Single Bond Universal Adhesive Was Applied Over All The Dentinal Surfaces According To The Manufacturer�s Instructions. For The Cavities To Be Managed With Delayed Dentine Sealing, No Adhesive Was Applied On The Dentinal Surfaces And The Impression Was Taken Directly After Cavity Preparation Using Two-step Technique. Hyper-Sensitivity Was Evaluated Both Intra-operatively (at Baseline One Day After The Cavity Preparation: By Applying Air From The Triple Way Syringe Directly Over The Prepared Cavity And One Week During Temporization) And Post Operatively Using (VAS). After Try In And Cementation Of The Indirect Composite Restoration Post-cementation Evaluation Was Done. (VAS) Results Were Tabulated And Statistically Analyzed.

Results: Delayed Dentin Sealing Group (4.75) Had A Significantly Higher Median Value Of (VAS) Than Immediate Dentin Sealing Group (0.32) (P<0.001). There Was A Significant Difference Between The Scores At Different Follow-up Intervals (P<0.001). The Highest Median Value Of (VAS) Was Found At Baseline (3.37) Followed By That Found One Week During Temporization (2.91) While The Lowest Median Value Was Found One Week After Cementation (0.16). Pairwise Comparisons Showed Median Value Found One Week After Cementation (0.16) To Be Significantly Lower Than Those Found At Baseline (3.37) And One Week During Temporization (2.91) (P<0.001).

Conclusions: Inter-operative And Post-cementation Hypersensitivity Problem After Indirect Resin Composite Restorations Could Be Solved By Using The Immediate Dentin Sealing Protocol Using A Self-etch Adhesive.

Haneen A ELmoselhy, Mohamed F. Haridy And Olfat E. Hassanein,

ABSTRACT

Objectives: To Assess The Reliability And Reproducibility Of Secondary Caries Diagnosis Using Light Induced Fluorescence Device �Soprolife� In Comparison To Conventional Visual-tactile Method According To Modified USPHS Restoration Assessment.

Materials and Methods: A Total Of 29 Volunteer Patients Were Assigned In This Study. Each Patient Had At Least One Defective Posterior Occlusal Resin Composite Restoration. The Restoration Was Evaluated By Two Diagnostic Methods (D), Where D1 Represents Visual-tactile Assessment Method (according To Modified USPHS1) And D2 Represents Light Induced Fluorescence Intraoral Camera(SoproLife Camera) Intra And Inter-rater Reliability Were Analyzed Using Cohen�s And Fleiss� Kappa Respectively. McNemar�s Test Was Used To Study Inter And Intro Group Comparisons

Results: McNemar�s Test Showed That For All Raters And In Different Follow-up Intervals There Was No Significant Difference In Caries Detection With Both Methods (P>0.005). Conclusion: The Conventional Visual-tactile Method As Well As The Light Fluorescence Device SOPROLIFE Were Found To Be Valuable Complementary Diagnostic Methods For Diagnosis Of Secondary Caries Around Existing Restorations.

Mohamed T. Heiba, Mohamed F. Haridy And Olfat E. Hassanein,

ABSTRACT

Objectives: To Investigate The Incidence Of Caries In Pits And Fissures Sealed With A Bioactive Sealant Compared To A Fluoride Releasing Resin Based Pits And Fissures Sealant In Preventive Treatment Procedures In Adult Population Over A Six-month Period.

Materials and Methods: A Total Of 40 Volunteer Patients Who Fulfilled The Inclusion Criteria Were Selected For This Randomized Split-mouth Clinical Trial. In Each Patient, The Two Types Of Pit And Fissure Sealant Were Used. A Fluoride-releasing Pit & Fissure Sealant (Seal-Rite�, S1) Was Placed In One Side, While A Bioactive Pit & Fissure Sealant (Embrace� WetBond�, S2) On The Contralateral Side; Such That The Total Number Of Sealants Placed In All Patients Were (N=80). All Sealants Were Evaluated Using Soprolife� Intra-oral Camera By Two Investigators Who Were Blind To The Material And Not Involved With The Treatment Procedures Used For The Restorations. Data Was Statistically Analyzed Using Cohen�s Kappa And Chi-square Tests.

Results: Immediate And 3-month Readings Revealed 100% Absence Of Caries In Both Groups. At 6 Months, Caries Developed In 8.8% Of Patients In S1, In Comparison To No Cases (0%) In S2. Chi Square Test Revealed No Statistically Significant Difference In Carried Incidence Between Groups. Conclusion: Bioactive Pit And Fissure Sealant As Well As Fluoride Releasing Sealant Could Be Considered A Valuable Preventive Method To Control Caries In Permanent Molars Over Six-month Period.

Doaa Mohamed Sayed, Nadia A Abbas And Nora Cheta,

ABSTRACT
This Study Aimed To : Compare The Retention Of PEEK And BRE.FLEX (second Edition) Materials In Maxillary Class III Modification 1 Removable Partial Dentures Using Digital Gauge Force Device.

Materials and Methods: Thirty Four Patients Having Kennedy Class III Modification 1 Maxillary Partially Edentulous Ridges With Fully Dentate Mandibular Arch Were Divided Into Two Equal Groups To Fabricate The Thermoplastic Materials. The First Group Received PEEK Material. The Second Group Received Bre.Flex Material. The Retention Was Measured Using Digital Force Gauge Which Is An Advanced Type Of Force Meter Device : At The Time Of Denture Insertion, After Two Weeks And After Four Weeks Of Denture Insertion. The Collected Data Were Tabulated And Statistically Analyzed.

Results: Showed That The Difference Between The Two Groups Was Statistically Significant Was Reported Between Two Groups Regarding Retention. Conclusion : The Mean Retentive Force Required To Remove The Bre-flex Removable Partial Denture Was Found To Be Statistically Significant Lower Than This Required To Remove PEEK Removable Partial Denture .

Nada M. Reda, Ahmed M. Halawa, Nehad S. Taha And Dina M. Abdel-Khalek,

ABSTRACT
Osteoporosis Is A Medical Condition Characterized By Low Bone Density And Micro-architectural Deterioration Of Bone. Antiresorptive Drugs And Estrogens Are Considered The Common Traditional Therapy For Post-menopausal Osteoporosis.

Aim: The Aim Of This Study Was To Evaluate The Action Of Red Clover And Chickpea On The Alterations Of The Mandibular Alveolar Bone And Periodontal Ligaments Induced By Ovariectomy In Albino Rats. Methods: 35 Adult Female Albino Rats Were Divided Into 5 Groups Each Of 7 Rats: The Negative Control Group (group I) That Were Only Subjected To Sham Operation And Did Not Receive Any Intervention, The Positive Control Group (group II) That Were Subjected To Ovariectomy Without Any Treatment, The Alendronate Sodium (bisphosphonate) Experimental Group (group III) That Were Subjected To Ovariectomy And Received Fosamax Daily For 3 Months One Month Postoperative, The Chickpea Experimental Group (group IV) That Were Subjected To Ovariectomy And Received Chickpea Extract Daily For 3 Months One Month Postoperative. And The Red Clover Experimental Group (group V) That Were Subjected To Ovariectomy And Received Red Clover Extract Daily For 3 Months One Month Postoperative. After Rats Were Terminated, Mandibular Molar Regions Were Excised And Stained For H&E Stain And Anti-fibronectin (FN) Immunohistochemical Stain. Specimens Were Also Examined For Bone Mineral Density (BMD).

Results: Histological And Immunohistochemical Examination Showed Inflammatory Reaction In Alveolar Bone And Oblique Fibers That Decreased Over The Course Of Treatment With Phytoestrogens. Statistical Results Showed That There Was No Significant Difference Between Phytoestrogens And Alendronate Sodium Drug (bisphosphonate) And There Was A Significant Difference Between Group II And All Experimental Treated Groups As Well As Between Group I And Experimental Treated Groups. Conclusion: Alternative Hormone Replacement Therapy Using Phytoestrogens Was Associated With Variable Grades Of Statistically Significant Reduction Of Osteoporosis And Periodontitis.

Shymaa H. Elsharkawy, Maha Wagdy And Ahmed E. Fayyad,

ABSTRACT
This Study Was Conducted To Evaluate The Effect Of Fiber Meshwork Reinforcement On The Fracture Of Maxillary Complete Dentures. Two Groups Of Dentures Were Fabricated. Five Dentures In Each Group. The First Group Had Conventional Non-reinforced Maxillary Complete Dentures. The Second Group Had Fiber-meshwork Reinforced Maxillary Complete Dentures. All Samples Were Individually Mounted On A Computer Controlled Materials Universal Testing Machine, Where Load Was Applied Bilaterally Using T-shaped Load Applicator. Initial Crack Load, Fracture Load And Fracture Pattern Were Recorded For Each Tested Denture. There Was No Statistical Significant Difference In Both Initial Crack And Fracture Loads Of Both Groups, On The Other Hand The Fracture Pattern Of The Fiber-meshwork Reinforced Group Was More Favorable And Less Extensive Compared To The Fracture Pattern Of The Non-reinforced Group. In The Clinical Situation, Both Conventional And Fiber-meshwork Reinforced Maxillary Complete Dentures Are Expected To Be Strong Enough To Resist Fracture Under Maximum Biting Forces, With The Fiber-meshwork Reinforced Dentures Having A More Favorable And Less Extensive Fracture Pattern Compared To The Conventional Non-reinforced Dentures.

Mohammed Mostafa Rehab, Reem Ahmed Lutfy And Shaimaa Gawdat,

ABSTRACT
The Aim Of This Study Was To Evaluate The Time Consumed And Total Removal Of Smart Paste Bio System Compared To AH-plus Sealer And Gutta-percha In Obturated Single Rooted Teeth By Using Hedstrom Files With Gates-Glidden Burs Compared To D-race Retreatment System.

Materials and Methods: Fifty Two Single-rooted Teeth Were Used In This Study. The Teeth Were Decoronated, Prepared Using The Protaper Rotary System And Obturated Using The Modified Single Cone Technique. The Samples Were Then Divided Into Two Main Groups (n=26) According To The Sealer Used In Obturation: Group I: AH-plus Sealer. Group II: Smart Paste Bio Sealer. Each Group Was Further Subdivided Into Two Subgroups (n=13) According To The Method Used In Removal Of Obturation Material: Subgroup 1: H-files And Gates-Glidden Drills. Subgroup 2: D-race Retreatment System.

Results: The Results Revealed That There Is No Significant Difference Between Smart Paste Bio Sealer And AH-plus Sealer Regarding Residual Debris. Regarding The Method Of Root Canal Filling Removal, D-race Retreatment System Showed Significantly Faster And Efficient In (GP/AH-plus) Obturation System Removal Than H-files And Gates Glidden And Slower But Efficient In (SPBio) Obturation System Removal Than H-files And Gates-Glidden.

Ghada Adel Tahoun, Sara Ahmed Mahmoud, Amr Ezzat Abdul Latif And Lobna Mohamed Shalaby,

ABSTRACT
AIM: To Provide Information On The Frequency Of Hypodontia In Children Cancer Survivors Who Received Chemotherapy Before 4 Years Of Age. METHOD: A Total Of 144 Cancer Survivor Who Received Anti Neoplastic Chemotherapy At Children Cancer Hospital Egypt 57357 Before They Were 4 Years Old Were Selected Using Stratified Random Sampling. Those Who Met The Eligibility Criteria Were Asked To Attend For A Panoramic Radiographic Examination. Dental Panoramic Radiographs Were Examined To Assess Hypodontia, Excluding Third Molars. RESULTS: The Frequency Of Hypodontia In Childhood Cancer Survivors Who Received Antineoplastic Chemotherapy Before The Age Of 4 Is 9.72% (14 Of 144). There Was No Statistical Significant Difference Between Tumor Types And Hypodontia (P>0.05). CONCLUSION: This Study Confirms That Children Who Receive Antineoplastic Chemotherapy Before The Age Of 4 Are At A Higher Risk Of Developing Hypodontia.

Christine Atef Banoub, Mushira Mohamed Abdelatif Dahaba And Enas Anter Abd El Ghafar,

ABSTRACT
Background: Forensic Odontology Is Described By The Federation Dentaire Internationale As �that Branch Of Dentistry Which, In The Interest Of Justice, Deals With The Proper Handling And Examination Of Dental Evidence And The Proper Evaluation And Presentation Of Dental Findings�. This Study Aimed To Investigate And Analyze The Difference Between Egyptian Males And Females In Mandibular Indices� Measurements And Mental Foramen Position Using Cone Beam Computed Tomographic Images.

Materials and Methods: Thirty Six Patients Were Included In This Study. They Were Divided Equally Into Two Groups. The First Group Included Eighteen Females And The Second Group Included Eighteen Males. All Of The 36 Participants Were Scanned Using CBCT Scanner Then Six Indices Were Obtained From The Reformatted Panoramic Images Of Each Mandible (superior Index Of Mental Foramen Position, Inferior Index Of Mental Foramen Position, Mental Index, Gonial Angle, Antegonial Index And Ramus Height).

Results: It Was Found That There Was Statistical Significant Difference Between Males And Females Regarding Three Parameters Namely Superior Index Of Mental Foramen Position, Inferior Index Of Mental Foramen Position And Ramus Height However, There Was No Statistical Significant Difference Between Males And Females Regarding Three Parameters Namely Gonial Angle, Mental Index And Antegonial Index. Assessment Of Intra-observer And Inter-observer Reliability Regarding All Linear And Angular Measurements Showed Highly Significant Agreement Between Observers. Conclusion: Certain Mandibular Indices As: Superior Index Of Mental Foramen Position, Inferior Index Of Mental Foramen Position And Ramus Height Of Mandible Are Rendered As Reliable Gender Discriminators In Forensic Odontology. The Mean Values Of Males Are Higher Than Females Regarding The Superior Index Of Mental Foramen Position, Inferior Index Of Mental Foramen Position And Ramus Height. Certain Mandibular Indices As: Mental Index, Gonial Angle And Antegonial Index Are Rendered As Non-reliable Gender Discriminators In Forensic Odontology. Cone Beam Computed Tomography Is Considered As The Imaging Modality Of Choice To Assess The Role Of Mental Foramen Position And Mandibular Parameters In Gender Determination.

Mohamed Mohsen Hussein Elbanna, Samar Sewilam And Sherif Ali,

ABSTRACT


Purpose: The Aim Of This Study Is To Evaluation Of Purabone As An Osteoinductive Material In Comparison With Tricalcium Phosphate In Obliteration Of Endophytic Mandibular Cysts Materials And Method: Twelve Patients Were Selected From The Outpatient Clinic Of Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery At Faculty Of Dentistry, Cairo University During The Period From 2015 Through 2017. Result: Estimation Of 6 Months Postoperative Conventional CT Scans For All Patients We Found That 100% Of Patients In Control Group (Group B) Had Increase In Radiodensity While 66.7% Of Patients In Intervention Group (Group A) Had Increase In Radiodensity Conclusion: Increasing The Feasibility Of Plant Derived Materials With Osteoinductive Properties That Aids In Bone Regeneration. Purabone In Collagen Matrix Has The Effect Of Increasing New Bone Formation. Tricalcium Phosphate Had Better Results In Bone Formation In Comparison With Purabone. Plant Derived Purabone Xenograft Became Realistic And This Will Change The View Of Surgeons Towards Xenografts.

Ahmed Mostafa Hassan, Amal Fathy Kaddah And Ahmed Emad Fayyad,

ABSTRACT
Randomized Clinical Trial Was Carried Out To Compare The Retention Of Mandibular Complete Denture Constructed From Two Different Materials; Metal Reinforced Polyamide And Conventional PMMA. Twelve Completely Edentulous Patients. The Patients Were Divided Into Two Equal Groups, Group I Received Conventional Heat Cured Maxillary Denture And Metal Reinforced Polyamide Mandibular Denture And Group II Received Conventional Maxillary And Mandibular Heat Cured PPMA. Patients Of Both Groups Were Evaluated By Retention Measurements At The Time Of Prosthesis Insertion As Well As Three And Six Weeks Later By Digital Force Meter. The Results Of This Study Showed That Retention Measurements In Group I Were Greater Than That Of Group II At Time Of Denture Insertion, 3 Weeks And 6 Weeks Post Insertion.

Menna Mosaad El Said , Alaa Nawwar And Farid Medhat,

ABSTRACT

Objectives: The Study Aimed To Assess The Distance Between Root Apices Of Mandibular Premolars And Molars And The Superior Border Of The Cortical Boundary Of The Inferior Alveolar Canal (IAC) Among A Sample Of Egyptian Population. Materials And Methods:. The Study Was A Cross Sectional Retrospective Study Performed On 172 Mandibular Permanent Premolars And Molars From 43 CBCT Scans Belonging To Egyptian Individuals. Radiographic Examination Was Done Using Planmeca Promax 3D Mid CBCT Machine With Image Capture Parameters Set At�FOV Of 20 X 20 Cm, 90 KV, 8 MA And An Exposure Time Of 13.5 Seconds. The Voxel Size Was 0.4 Mm

Results: A Total Of 41 Second Mandibular Premolars And 42 First And 42 Second Mandibular Molars Were Included, The Longest Mean Distance To The Inferior Alveolar Canal Was Recorded By Mesial Root Of First Molar With Mean Distance 4.78 � 2.52 Mm, Followed By The Distal Root Of The First Molar (4.2 � 2.37), Second Premolars (3.13� 2.6), Then Mesial Root Of Second Molar Which Showed Mean Distance Of 2.42� 2.06. The Distal Root Of The Second Molar Was The Closest To The IAC, With An Average Distance Of 1.7 � 1.95 Mm. Conclusion: Within The Limitations Of This Study, The Roots Of The Second Molars Were Significantly Closer To The Canal Than The Roots Of The First Molars And First And Second Premolars.

Heba Ashraf Abd El Sabour, Mahmoud Hamdy Eid, Salah El Din El Behery And Randa Youssef Abd Al Gawad,

ABSTRACT
Background: The Effect Of Prolonged Digit Sucking Habit Is A Common Oral Health Problem And Could Affect The Quality Of Life. Therefore, It Is Important For The Dentist To Understand This Habit Well To Be Able To Help The Parents And The Child Relate To It And To Manage The Child�s Dental Situation. Objective: The Aim Of This Study Was To Determine The Prevalence Of Malocclusion Among A Group Of Egyptian Children With Digit Sucking Aged 3 To 6 Years. Patients And Methods: This Study Was Performed On 185 Egyptian Children Aged 3 To 6 Years. It Was Performed In The Department Of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty Of Dentistry, Cairo University, Egypt.

Results: Malocclusion Was Present In 61.1% Of The Sample. Anterior Open Bite Was The Commonly Seen Condition (32.4%), Followed By Increased Over-jet (21.6%); Deep-bite (14.6%), Posterior Cross-bite Unilaterally (7%) Then Anterior Cross-bite And Bilateral Posterior Cross-bite Were Present In 4.9% Of The Sample. 23.2% Of The Sample Had More Than One Condition. Presence Of Blisters Was Seen In 44.9% Of The Sample. Conclusion: The Prevalence Of Malocclusion Is High In Children With Digit Sucking Habit. Digit Sucking Habit Is More Prevalent In Females, In Children Ranging From Three To Six Years Of Age. The Greatest Percentage Of Malocclusion Occurs In The 6 Years Old Children.

Moteea Abdulsalam Ahmed Sanad , Basma Gamal Mousa And Khaled Amr,

ABSTRACT
Temporomandibular Joint TMJ Disorders TMDs Is A Umbrella Term For A Variety Of Conditions Of The Joint And Mastication Muscles. TMJ Arthrocentesis And Intra-articular Injection Are Commonly Known And Used As Minimally Invasive Surgical Treatment Of Tmj Disc Displacement With Reduction. Aim Of The Study: To Compare Between Arthrocentesis Followed By Intra Articular Injection With Plasma Rich In Growth Factors PRGF Versus Arthrocentesis Alone. Patients And Methods: Sixteen Patients Diagnosed With Anterior Disc Displacement (ADD) Were Divided Into; Intervention And Comparative Group. Clinical Outcome Parameters Were Assessed At Baseline And At 6, 12, 18 And 30 Weeks Postoperatively.

Results: Both Groups Showed Significant Improvement Of Pain And Mouth Opening, The Evaluated Parameters Showed Insignificant Differences Between The Two Groups Throughout The Study Intervals With The Exception That The PRGF Group Showed Statistically Significant Pain Reduction And Mouth Opening Improvement In 30 And 6 Weeks Postoperative Respectively (p = 0.01 , 0.03) Conclusion: Both TMJ Arthrocentesis With Intra-articular Injection Of PRGF Or Arthrocentesis Only Was Proved To Reduce Symptoms Of Pain And Limited Mouth Opening And To Maintain Improvements Over Time. PRGF Injection After Arthrocentesis Revealed Some Superiority In Pain Reduction And Mouth Opening Over Arthrocentesis In 30, 6 Weeks Interval Respectively.

Reem Ahmed Hany, Shaymaa I. Habib And Gihan Ali Abdelrahman,

ABSTRACT





Purpose: The Aim Of This Study Was To Evaluate The Antifungal Effect Of Immersed Acrylic Resin Material In Aqueous Extract Of Siwak Solution On Candida Albicans In Comparison To Distilled Water As A Negative Control Or Sodium Hypochlorite As A Positive Control.

Materials And

Methods: One Commercially Available Heat Cured Acrylic Resin; Aqueous Extract Of Siwak And 0.5% Sodium Hypochlorite Were Used In This Study. For Antifungal Evaluation, The Assessment Was Done By Two Techniques; Agar Diffusion Method And Agar Dilution Method. Twenty Seven Specimens (n=9/gp) Were Prepared Using Split Teflon Mold (4�4 Mm) For Each Test. The Specimens Were Randomly Assigned Into Three Groups According To The Type Of The Immersion Solution. Group (I) Aqueous Extract Of Siwak Solution, Group (II) Distilled Water And Group (III) 0.5% Sodium Hypochlorite. The Results Were Statistically Analyzed.



Results: Regarding The Agar Diffusion Method, A Statistically Significant Difference Was Found Between The Antifungal Activities Of The Three Groups. The Highest Mean Antifungal Activity Was Recorded For Group I, Followed By Group III. While The Least Mean Value Was Recorded For Group II. Regarding The Agar Dilution Method In Both Concentrations (1/100 And 1/10), There Was A Statistically Significant Difference Between The Three Investigated Groups. The Highest Candida Count In Colony Forming Units (CFU) Was Recorded For Group II. Meanwhile, The Least Candida Count Was Recorded For Group I. While There Was No Significant Difference Between Group III And Group I.



Conclusions: 1) The Aqueous Extract Of Siwak As A Denture Immersion Solution Has A Potent Antifungal Activity On Candida Albicans. 2) The Aqueous Extract Of Siwak Can Be Safely Applied In Everyday Practice For The Acrylic Dentures Disinfection.

Islam M. Heiba , Marwa E. Sabet And Ahmed M. Osama,

ABSTRACT


Purpose: The Purpose Of This Study Was To Evaluate Which Treatment Modality Is Better Regarding The Amount Of Forces Transmitted To The Implant And Posterior Side Of The Ridge During Vertical And Oblique Loading Either Making:-Biohpp Bar-retained Implant-supported Overdenture Or -Biohpp Implant-retained Fixed Bridge.

Materials and Methods: Two Experimental Mandibular Prosthesis Supported By Dental Implants Were Constructed For This Study On Acrylic Model. The First Design Consisted Of Mandibular Overdentures Supported By CAD CAM BioHPP Milled Interconnecting Bar With Resilient Bar/clip Attachment. The Second Design Consisted Of BioHPP Implant Supported Fixed Bridge. The Implant Bridge Was Milled Using CAD CAM Technology In Cut Pack Design Framework And Was Veneered With Special Material. Acrylic Experimental Mandibular Model With Four Implants Was Used For This Study. This Model Replicates The Anatomic Features Of The Lower Edentulous Jaw And The Mucosa Covering The Ridge. Four Channel Strain Meter Was Used To Asses And Record The Strains Induced To The Distal Abutments And Residual Ridge. The Two Experimental Designs Were Submitted To Unilateral Vertical And Oblique Load; Then Evaluated For Stress Analysis Using Strain Guage Analysis. ANOVA And Student T-test Were Used To Analyze The Data.

Results: One-Way ANOVA Revealed That There Was A Significant Difference In Strain Values Between Unilateral Vertical And Oblique Load Applications. The Greatest Strain Values Were Recorded At Loading Side Of Implants During Unilateral Load Application, While The Lowest Values Were Recorded At The Non Loading Side. Conclusion: Selection Of The Design Whether Bar Attachment Or Fixed Bridge Depends Upon The Health Remaining Residual Ridge As: Fixed Bridge Decrease The Load On The Loaded Ridge And Increase The Stress On The Loaded Implants While Bar Attachment Decrease The Load On The Loaded Implants And This Was On Favor To The Health Of The Ridge.

Nada A. Al-Morshedy, Eman A. Shakal, Ibrahim R. El-Torky And Lobna A. El-Gamma,

ABSTRACT
Objective: The Objective Of This Study Was To Compare The Platform- Switched And Non-platform Switched Implants For Complete Implant Assisted Mandibular Overdenture In Controlled Type II Diabetic Patients Clinically And Radiographically.

Materials and Methods: Ten Controlled Type II Diabetic Male Patients Were Selected For This Study. Split Mouth Study Design Was Used In This Study Where, Group I Represented The Right Side Of The Patients? Mandibular Interforamenal Region Restored With Platform-switched Implant And Group II Represented The Left Side Of The Patients? Mandibular Interforamenal Region Restored With Non-platform Implants. The Patients Received Complete Mandibular Assisted Overdenture With O-ring Attachment. Clinical And Radiographic Evaluations Were Carried Out For Every Patient At Regular Recall Visits At The Time Of Insertion, 6, 12 And 18 Months. At The End Of The Study, All Implants Of Both Groups Were Successfully Osseointegrated. The Data Of This Study Were Collected, Tabulated And Statistically Analyzed By IBM-SPSS Statistics Software (Independent T-test Samples). There Were Insignificant Differences Between Both Groups Regarding Plaque Index, Bleeding Index, Pocket Depth And Stability Of The Implants. Radiographically, There Were Significant Differences In The Mandibular Bone Density At The Bone Implant Interface And Marginal Bone Loss Between Both Groups. Group I Implants Represented Less Marginal Bone Loss And Higher Bone Density Than Group II Implants. Conclusion: Platform-Switched Dental Implant Is The Implant Of Choice Particularly In Controlled Type II Diabetic Patients To Control Marginal Bone Loss Around Implants.

Hanan Omar Abo-Alrejal, Hoda Abdel Kader And Omniya Abu El-Dahab,

ABSTRACT


Aim: To Evaluate The Accuracy Of Cone-beam Computed Tomography Versus Photostimulated Phosphor Plate In Detection Of Dental Root Fractures. Methods: Sixty-six Extracted Human Mandibular (28 Anterior And 38 Posterior) Teeth Were Included In This Study. Teeth Were Divided Into Two Groups: First Group (33 Teeth): The Control Group (non-fractured Teeth) And The Second Group (33 Teeth): The Induced Fracture Group. The Second Group Was Divided Into 3 Equal Subgroups Each Of Which Had 11 Teeth With Induced Horizontal, Vertical And Oblique Root Fractures Respectively. After Induction Of RFs, The Fractured And Non-fractured Teeth Were Coded By Numbers From 1 To 66 Using Black Pen And Then All The Teeth Were Recorded According To The Presence Or Absence Of Fracture And The Type Of The Fracture. Inlay Wax Was Then Added Around The Roots Of All Teeth Within The Sockets Of The Dry Human Mandibles. All Teeth Were Then Radiographed Using Two Techniques: Digital Radiographs Were Taken Using Digora Optime ) Soredex, Tuusula, Finland) Size 2 PSP Plate And A Standard Dental X-ray Unit And CBCT Images Were Taken Using Planmeca CBCT Unit.

Results: The Sensitivity Of The CBCT Regarding The Detection Of Fracture Lines (75.27%) Was Greater Than That For The PSP Plate (68.81%). The Specificity Of The CBCT (91.39%) Was Greater Than That For The PSP Plate (specificity =73.11%). Conclusion: CBCT Images Have Higher Sensitivity And Specificity In Detecting The Different Types Of RFs Vertical, Horizontal Or Oblique Root Fractures Compared To PSP Plate. CBCT Are More Accurate Than PSP Plate In Detection Of Vertical, Horizontal And Oblique Root Fractures.

Ahmed A. Youssif , Magdy M. Ali , Yasser F. Hussien And Mohammed M. Katia,

ABSTRACT
Objective: The Purpose Of This Study Was To Evaluate The Effect Of Herbal Irrigation (Green Tea Extract And Garlic Extract) On Micro Hardness Of Root Canal Dentin.

Materials and Methods: Twenty Human Single Rooted Mandibular Premolars Were Decoronated, The Root Length Was Determined. Instrumentation Was Done Using Revo S Rotary Files, Samples Were Divided Into Four Groups; Two Experimental Groups Of 7n Each (n = 7) And Two Control Groups (positive And Negative) Of 3 In Each (n = 3) According To The Irrigants Used During And After Instrumentation. Group I: Green Tea Extract, Group II: Garlic Extract, Group III: Sodium Hypochlorite 5.25% And EDTA 17% (positive Control), Group IV: Distilled Water (negative Control). The Roots Were Split Longitudinally And Prepared To Measure Dentin Microhardness. Quantitative Data Presented By Mean And SD,�Friedman Test, Mannwhiteny Test And Kruskal Wall Is Test Were Used.

Results: The Highest Microhardness Values Were Recorded For Distilled Water Followed By Green Tea And Garlic Extracts Respectively And The Lowest Values Were Given By Sodium Hypochlorite With EDTA. There Was Statistically Non-significant Difference Between Garlic Extract And Sodium Hypochlorite With EDTA On Microhardness Of The Root Canal.

Conclusions: It Was Concluded That The Use Of Herbal Extracts As Irrigant Regimen Will Not Hamper The Root Dentin Microhardness When Compared With Conventional Irrigations Regimens.

Yasmin Farouk, Amina Mohamed Hamdy And Ahmed Ezzat Sabet,

ABSTRACT


Purpose: This Study Evaluated The Influence Of Different Surface Conditioners On The Push-out Bond Strength Between A Glass Fiber Post Surface And Self-adhesive Resin Cement. Methods: Twenty-one Sound, Single Rooted Canines Were Selected And Were Endodontically Treated Using Protaper Rotary System And Post Space Preparation Was Performed. Twenty-one Glass Fiber Posts (Glassix-Plus, Nordin) Were Divided Into Three Groups According To Different Surface Treatments Subjected To Glass Fiber Posts: Group 1: No Treatment And Silane Application Only (G1); Group 2: Immersion In 95% Ethyl Alcohol For 10 Minutes Followed By Silane Application (G2); Group 3: Immersion In 20% H2O2 For 10 Minutes Followed By Silane Application (G3). Self-adhesive Resin Cement (G-Cem) Was Used For Cementation Of The Glass Fiber Posts To The Root Canal Dentin. Two Slices ( Coronal And Middle Sections) Of 2 Mm Thick Were Sectioned From Each Root Using ISOMET Machine. A Universal Testing Machine Was Used With A Cross-head Speed Of 1 Mm/minute For Performing The Push Out Bond Strength Tests. Two-way ANOVA And Tukey Post Hoc Tests Were Used For Analyzing Data (�=0.05). The Effect Of Different Root Section Location On The Push-out Bond Strength Of Self-adhesive Resin Cement Was Also Evaluated. Failure Mode Of Root Sections Were Then Examined Under Stereomicroscope (50X Magnification) After Dislodgment Of Fiber Posts.

Results: ANOVA Indicated Significant Differences Among Surface Treatments (p<0.05). Regarding The Effect Of Post Surface Treatment Regardless Of Other Variables, The Results Revealed That Both Groups G3 And G2 Had A Significant Higher Bond Strength Values Than Group G1 , While There Is No Significant Statistical Difference Between Groups G2 And G3 . Group G1 Had Lowest Bond Strength Values Among Other Groups (p<0.05). Regarding The Effect Of Root Section Location Regardless Of Other Variables, The Results Revealed That Middle Third Root Section Showed A Significant Higher Bond Strength Values Than Coronal Third Root Section. SEM Analysis Showed Mixed And Adhesive Types Of Failure In All Groups. Hypothesis: The Use Of Different Surface Treatment Could Improve The Chemical-mechanical Interaction Between Fiber Posts And Resin Cements, Thus Improving The Performance Of Clinical Application Of These Materials In Endodontic Treated Teeth. Clinical Significance: Within The Parameters Of This Study, The Bonding Capability Of Self-adhesive Resin Cements To Glass Fiber Posts Were Affected By Different Post Surface Pre-treatments. Post Surfaces Treated With 20% H2O2or 95% Ethyl Alcohol Showed Significantly Stronger Bond Interactions To Self-adhesive Resin Cement Than Those Only Treated With Silane Application.

Sara Yossri Ahmed, Ibrahim Hassan El Kalla And Salwa Mohamad Awad,

ABSTRACT

Objectives: Evaluate The Effect Of Air Abrasion With Different Class III Cavity Restored With Composite On Tensile Failure Load. Method: 40 Extracted Primary Incisors Were Selected Then Mounted In Self-cured Acrylic Resin In PVC Molds. Standard Cavity Preparations Were Prepared. Teeth Were Divided, According To Preparation Technique, Into Four Groups Of 10 Teeth Each. Group A (conventional Class III Cavity), Group B (modified Class III Cavity With 0.5 Mm Labial Bevel), Group C (conventional Class III Cavity With Air Abrasion), Group D (beveled Class III Cavity With Air Abrasion). Group C And D, Treated By An Air Abrasive System Using 50 �m Aluminum Oxide Particles Stream Perpendicularly To The Surface. Then Restored With Composite And St St Wire Was Looped And Embedded In Composite. The Retention Force Were Tested By Universal Testing Machine The Wire Were Grasped With Machine Jigs And Standard Load Will Be Applied Via The Wire To The Restoration At A Head Speed Of 1 Mm/minute Until Restoration Failure.

Results: Comparison Of The Mean Value Observed For All Of The Studied Groups Shows Statistically Significant Difference Between Group A And C (P=0.005), High Significant Difference Between Group A And B (P < 0.001), Between Group A And D (P < 0.001). Group B Shows High Significance Difference With Group C (P<0.001), And Significant Difference With Group D (P=0.002). Group C Shows High Significance Difference With Group D ( P < 0.001). Group D Showed The Highest Mean Tensile Failure Load . Conclusion: Labial Bevel With Air Abrasion Increase Retention Of Class III Composite Restorations.

Hussein Maamoun Hariri, Ibrahim Hassan El-Kalla And Rizk Abd Alla El-Agamy,

ABSTRACT


Introduction: The Present Study Was Undertaken To Assess The Effect Of Different Milk Product On Sound And Incipient Carious Enamel Microhardness Of Primary Teeth By Observing The Tooth Surface Using A Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM).

Materials and Methods: This Study Was Carried Out On Freshly Extracted Eighty Four Sound Human Primary Molars Free From Any Signs Of Cracks And Caries Using A Reflected Light Microscope. The Teeth Were Cut In Mesio-distal Direction Through The Center Of Each Tooth. The Teeth Halves Were Equally Divided Into Seven Main Groups According To The Type Of Milk Used; Group I: For Deionized Water (control), Group II: For Almarai Full Fat Milk, Group III: For Juhainna Milk With Banana Flavor, Group IV: For Juhainna Milk With Chocolate Flavor, Group V: For Beyti Chocolate Milk, Group VI: For Beyti Banana Milk And Group VII: For Labanita Fat Free Milk. Each Group Was Subdivided Into Two Subgroups, Subgroup A For Testing The Effect Of Milk On Sound Enamel And Subgroup B For Testing The Effect Of Milk On Incipient Carious Lesion. A Window Was Made On Ligual Or Buccal Surface And Demineralizing Solution Was Prepared. The Enamel Specimens Were Exposed To Various Milk Products For 10 Min Twice Daily And Microhardness Was Measured, 200g Load Was Applied For 10 Seconds And The Significance Of Difference Was Statistically Analyzed At (p � 0.05). Selected Enamel Specimens Were Evaluated Before And After Exposure To Milk Products By Scanning Electron Microscope.

Results: The Microhardness Measurments Showed That There Were Statistically Significant Differences Before And After Immersion Of The Enamel Specimens In The Different Types Of Milk For 10 Min Twice Daily. All Types Of Milk Showed An Increase In Enamel Microhardness. These Effects Were Visualized By Scanning Electron Microscope. Conclusion: This Study Revealed That All Tested Milk Products Cause Enamel Hardening And Remineralize Incipient Carious Lesion. This Highlights Once Again The Importance Of Milk And Its Essential Nutritive Values. Thus Children Should Be Encouraged To Drink Milk.

Haytham F. El-Fawal , Medhat A. Qataya And Hayam Y. Hassan,

ABSTRACT
Aim Of The Study: Evaluated The Effect Of Moisture On The Apical Seal Using Dye Extraction Method For Three Resin-based Sealers: 1- Endorez Sealer /EndoRez Points. 2- RealSeal SE Sealer /Resilon Points. 3- AH Plus Sealer / Gutta Percha Points.

Materials and Methods: Seventy Teeth Were Selected Where Ten Teeth Served As Positive And Negative Control Group. The Remaining Teeth Were Divided Into Two Main Groups According To Moisture Condition (Dry, Wet). Each Group Was Subdivided According To The Sealer Type Used Into Three Sub-groups In Which The First Subgroup Were Obturated With EndoRez Sealer, The Second Subgroup By RealSeal SE, The Third Subgroup By AH-Plus Sealer.

Results: The Results Showed That There Was A Significant Difference Between Dry And Wet Condition In Each Sealer (P < 0.05). Also In The Dry Condition There Was A Significant Difference Between Realseal SE And AH- Plus Sealer (P < 0.05) , While There Was No Significant Difference Between The Other Groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion: -Drying Of The Root Canals Prior Obturation Even With Hydrophilic Resin Sealers As Wet Canal Condition Would Represent Extreme Experimental Scenarios That Should Be Avoided In The Clinical Situation. -The RealSeal SE/Resilon Root Canal Obturation System Provide Better Seal Due To The Ability Of Forming Monoblock Obturation.

Rokiya Mansour Mohamad Alshibi, Radwa Mohsen Omera And Moustafa Abdou Elsyad,

ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: The Aim Of This Study Was To Evaluate, The Effect Of Different Degrees Of Distal Implants Inclination On The Retention And Stability Of Two-implant Mandibular Overdenture With Locator Attachments.

Materials and Methods: Four Duplicated Clear Acrylic Experimental Models Were Constructed. The Models Were Covered By Resilient Silicone To Simulate The Oral Mucosa. In The Canine Regions Of Each Model, Two Recesses Were Prepared With Following Degrees Of Distal Implant Inclination: Group I (0 O ,control), Group II ( 5 O), Group III(10 O), And Group IV (20 O). Four Acrylic, Metal Reinforced Overdenture Was Fabricated And Connected To The Implants Using Locator Attachments. Using The Universal Testing Machine, Vertically Oriented 4 Points Tensile Loads Was Applied To A Metal Plate Attached To The Model With 4 Metal Chains Until The Attachments Separated From The Abutments.The Initial Retentive Force(maximum Dislodging Force) And Final Retention After 540 Cycles Of Insertions And Removals Were Measured For Each Group.

Results: For Initial Retentive Forces And Retentive Forces After Repeated Insertions And Removals, 5 Degree Inclination Recorded The Highest Retentive Forces, Followed By 10 Degrees, Then 0 Degrees And 20 Degrees Recorded The Lowest Retention Values. Locator Transparent Recorded The Highest Retentive Forces, Followed By Locator Pink, Locator Green, Locator Blue And Locator Red Recorded The Lowest Retention Values. Conclusion: Comparing Nylon Inserts, Transparent Inserts Are Recommended To Retain Overdentures With Parallel(0?) And Distal Implant Inclination With A Slight Degree(5?), While For A High Degree Of Inclination (20?), Blue And Pink Inserts Are Recommended Instead Of Transparent Inserts.

Radwa Sameeh Emara, Hend Abou El Nasr And Randa Elboghdadi,

ABSTRACT
Objective: The Purpose Of This Randomized Clinical Study Was To Evaluate The Impact Of Occlusal Reduction On The Incidences Of Post-instrumentation And Post-obturation Pain. Subjects And Methods: Forty Four Patients Were Included In This Study. Inclusion Criteria Were Posterior Mandibular Teeth Having Symptomatic Irreversible Pulpitis And Symptomatic Apical Periodontitis. Patients Were Randomized Into Two Equal Groups. In The Intervention Group The Functional And Nonfunctional Cusps Were Reduced Until Absence Of Contact Was Confirmed, While In The Control Group The Occlusal Surfaces Were Left Intact. Standard Endodontic Treatment Was Performed In Two Visits Using Rotary Nickel Titanium Files For Shaping, 2.5% Sodium Hypochlorite For Cleaning And Lateral Condensation Technique With Resin Sealer For Obturation. Pain Was Assessed Preoperatively, Then After 6, 12, 24 And 48 Hours Following Instrumentation, Then After 6 And 12 Hours Following Obturation. Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) Was Used As The Primary Outcome Measure. Patients Were Given A Placebo To Be Administrated In Case Of Severe Pain And Ibuprofen 400mg Was Prescribed In Case Of Persistent Pain. Incidence Of Placebo And Analgesic Intake Was Regarded As The Secondary Outcome. Chi-square And Fisher Exact Tests Were Used To Compare Categorical Data.

Results: The Incidence Of Pain Was Lower In The Intervention Group At All Follow-up Periods. The Difference Between The Two Groups Was Significant At 6 Hours Following Instrumentation. There Was No Significant Difference In Incidences Of Neither Placebo Nor Analgesic Intake Between The Two Groups.

Conclusions: Occlusal Reduction Could Be A Simple Effective Strategy For Controlling Postoperative Pain Incidence Following Root Canal Treatment In Symptomatic Posterior Teeth Having Pulpitis And Apical Periodontitis..

Ahmed Helmy Salama, Moushira Dahaba, Amira Fares And Mohamed Sherif,

ABSTRACT
Objective: The Aim Of The Present Work Was To Study The Effect Of Anticancer Drugs On Enamel Structure, Using Scanning Electron Microscope And Digora X-ray System. Material & Methods: 30 Male Albino Rats, Aged 30 Days And Weighing 80 G Each Have Been Used In This Study, They Were Divided Into 3 Groups (10 Rats Each), Group I (control), Group II (vinblastine Group) And Group III (Taxotere Group). Vinblastine And Taxotere Were Given As A Single Intravenous Dose (4 Mg/kg) Via The Tail Vein. All Groups Were Further Subdivided Into 2 Subgroups A And B (5 Rats Each) And Were Sacrificed After 1 And 3 Weeks Respectively By Carbon Dioxide Inhalation. In Each Specific Time, The Mandible From Each Rat Was Removed And Sectioned Into Two Halves. The Incisors Cleaned Gently By Water For A Few Seconds. From Gingival Margin, Segment Of Lenght 2.8 Mm Were Measured And Dissected, Which Represent The Erupted Part Per Week. The Same Was Done For Three Weeks Groups. The Specimens Were Examined By Scanning Electron Microscope From Both Surface And Cross Section For Evaluating The Morphological Changes In The Enamel Surface And By Digora X- Ray For Evaluating The Enamel Density Of The Experimental Groups.

Results: Scanning Electron Microscope Of The Both Vinblastine And Taxotere Groups Revealed That, Variable Defective Pattrens In One-week Subgroup The Enamel Surface Showed Different Defects As Honeycomb Pattern, Variable Size Globules And Cracks. While In Three Weeks Subgroup The Enamel Surface Showed Larger Defects As Increase In The Honeycomb Pattern And More Pronounced Cracks. Statistical Analysis Results Of The Digora X Ray Measurements Revealed That, A Statistically Significant Difference Between The Control Group And The Both Vinblastine (one & Three Weeks) And Taxotere (one & Three Weeks) Subgroups. Conclusion: Both Vinblastine And Taxotere Caused Morphological Defects In The Enamel Structure. Both Drugs Caused Reduction In The Enamel Density. Vinblastine Causes Decrease In Enamel Density More Than Taxotere As Revealed By Digora X Ray System.

Mina A. Shenouda , Siza Y. Zakhari And Wafaa A. O. Segari,

ABSTRACT


Aim: The Aim Of The Current Study Was To Compare The Efficiency Of Three Single File NiTi Instruments: ProTaper F2, WaveOne Primary And One Shape In Terms Of Canal Preparation Time In Simulated Curved Canals. Methods: Sixty Endo-training Blocks (Endo Training-Bloc, Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland) With Embedded Simulated Curved Canals Were Used In This Study. The Blocks Were Divided Into Three Equal Groups According To The File Used: ProTaper F2 In Reciprocation, WaveOne Primary In Reciprocation And One Shape New Generation 25/0.06 In Continuous Rotation. The Simulated Canals Were Prepared Till Reaching The Full Working Length And Canal Preparation Time Was Calculated.

Results: One Shape Files Showed The Shortest Time For Canal Preparation (28.60 � 3.29 Seconds) Followed By WaveOne Primary (62.24 � 5.31 Seconds) And Finally ProTaper F2 Files (97.33 � 11.62 Seconds). There Was A Statistically Significant Difference Between The Three Groups (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Within The Limitations Of The Current Study, One Shape Files Used In Continuous Rotation Provided A Faster Canal Preparation In Comparison To ProTaper F2 And WaveOne Primary Files Used In Reciprocation.

Safa B. M. Alawy, Eman M. El Shourbagy And Safaa A. Ghobashy,

ABSTRACT
Aim Of The Work: The Aim Of This In Vitro Study Was To Evaluate The Effects Of Recycling And Repeated Recycling With Erbium: Yttrium Aluminum Garnet (Er:YAG) Laser On Shear Bond Strength And Surface Characteristics Of Stainless Steel Orthodontic Brackets.

Materials and Methods: Ninety Extracted Upper First Premolars And Ninety Stainless Steel Brackets Were Used For This Study. The Brackets Were Bonded To The Premolars And Were Randomly Divided Into Three Groups Of 30 Teeth/each: Group I (control), Group II (brackets Debonded And Recycled One Time Using Er:YAG Laser), And Group III (brackets Debonded And Recycled Two Times Using Er:YAG Laser). Twenty Samples From Group II And III Were Rebonded Again To The Same Re-prepared Enamel. Sixty Bonded Samples (20/each Group) Were Subjected To Shear Bond Strength Testing Using Universal Testing Machine. The Shear Bond Strength Data Were Analyzed With One-way ANOVA Test, Followed By Tukey?s Test. The Bracket/adhesive Failure Modes Were Scored As Adhesive Remnant Index. The Chi-square Test Was Used To Evaluate Statistical Differences In The Adhesive Remnant Index Scores Among Groups. Ten Debonded Brackets From Each Group Were Examined Under A Scanning Electron Microscope To Identify The Surface Characteristics Of The Brackets? Mesh.

Results: The Results Of This Study Demonstrated That The Mean Shear Bond Strength Of All Groups Were More Than That Recommended For Successful Orthodontic Bonding, There Was No Significant Difference Between Group I And Group II (P>0.05). Repeated Recycled Brackets (group III) Had Significantly Lower Shear Bond Strength (P�0.001) Than Other Groups. Scanning Electron Microscopic Analysis Showed Maximal Removal Of Adhesive From The Brackets Recycled One Time With Er:YAG Laser With Well-defined Lattice Structure, And No Damage To The Bracket Base. There Was Incomplete Removal Of The Adhesive From Repeated Recycled Brackets, Flattening And Distortion Were Observed In Two Samples. Conclusion: Er:YAG Laser Recycled Brackets Can Be Used As An Alternative To New Brackets In Case Of Bond Failure Which Might Provide Cost Reduction. However, In Case Of Second Bond Failure To The Same Bracket, It May Be Preferred To Use A New One Instead Of Reusing It For Second Time.

Karima Mansour Ali , Manal Hosny Mostafa, Olfat Shaker And Engy Ahmed,

ABSTRACT
Background: Among The Most Common Forms Of Periodontal Disease Is Chronic Periodontitis. Most Tissue Damage Found In Patients With Periodontitis Result From An Exaggerated Host Immune Response To Bacterial Challenges Which Results In The Secretion Of Proinflammatory Cytokines That Results In Destruction Of Periodontal Tissues. The Levels Of Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) In Gingival Crevicular Fluid (GCF) Have Been Reported To Correlate Positively With Periodontal Inflammation. Nutrition Plays A Great Role In Improving The Person Quality Of Life, For Example Omega -3 PUFA Has A Well-established Anti-inflammatory Role In Periodontal Disease. Adequate Dietary Intake Of Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (n-3 PUFAs) Resulted In Increases Tissue Concentration Of The Types Of Fatty Acids(e.g., Eicosapentaenoic Acid And Docosahexaenoic Acid) That Downregulate Inflammation, Omega-3(n-3)PUFA Have Multiple Actions By Which They Can Affect Cell And Tissue Behavior To Perform Their Physiological Actions. Aim Of Study: This Study Was Undertaken To Evaluate The Effects Of Omega-3 Fatty Acids Supplementation After Modified Widman Periodontal Flap Surgery On Clinical Parameters And GCF Levels Of Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). Methods: The Present Study Had Included 40 Subjects (10 Healthy Volunteers And 30 Patients With Moderate To Advanced Chronic Periodontitis). Group I (Test Group): 15 Patients With Moderate To Advanced Chronic Periodontitis Treated With Modified Widman Flap Adjuncted With Omega 3 FA 1200 Mg Taken Orally Daily For 4 Months After MWF Surgery, Group II (Control Group): 15 Patients With Moderate To Advanced Chronic Periodontitis Treated With Modified Widman Flap Only.Evaluation Of Clinical Periodontal Parameters Were Recorded For Full Mouth And At The Most Periodontally Affected Sites (PPD � 5mm) At Baseline And 2 And 4 Months After Periodontal Surgery.

Results: Results Of The Present Study Indicate That Daily Dietary Supplementation Of Omega 3 PUFA As An Adjunct To Surgical Periodontal Therapy Has Resulted In Improvement In Clinical Outcomes Of Pocket Depth(PD) And Clinical Attachment Level (CAL), And Significant Reduction Of GCF Markers Of Bone Resorption And Inflammation (PGE2)indicating That Omega 3 Protect Against Bone Resorption.

Yara Osman, Layla Mostafa Omara And Hassan Abd-El Ghany Osman,

ABSTRACT
Aim Of The Study: The Purpose Of This Study Was To Compare & To Assess Clinically And Radiographically, The Contact Osteogenesis Between Host Bone & Immediate Implants Placement In Narrow Anterior Region Of The Mandible Following The Use Of Manual Bone Expanders Versus Motorized Ones..

Materials and Methods: Six Patients With 12 Anterior Edentulous Areas With Narrow Ridges. Six Sites Were Subjected To Manual Bone Expanders And Six Sites Were Subjected To Motorized Bone Expanders, All Followed By Immediate Implantation. A CBCT Was Used Preoperatively, Immediate After Surgery And 6 Months Post-operatively For Dimensional And Buccolingual Expansion Analyses..

Results: During The Follow Up Period, All Patients Showed No Post-operative Complications, All The Implants Inserted Showed Successful Osseointegration With No Signs Of Failure. The CBCT Radiograph Showed Proper Contact Between The Bone And The Implant, Also Showed Increase In The Buccolingual Width For Both Groups Immediately Post-expansion And Insertion And Decrease In The Width 6 Months Post-expansion And Insertion.. Conclusion: Manual Bone Expanders Show Better Results In Expansion And Bone Density Than Motorized Bone Expanders Do..

Magda H. Mohamed, Marwa E. Sabet, Mahmoud E. Al-Homossany And Shimaa L. Mohamed,

ABSTRACT

Objectives: To Evaluate Radiographically The Effect Of The Degree Of Palatal Coverage On Marginal Bone Height Around Maxillary Hybrid -implants. Methods: Fourteen Edentulous Patients With Maxillary Conventional Denture And Mandibular Implant Retained Overdenture Were Included In This Study. Four (one Piece 3 Mm Diameter, 12 Mm Length), Implants Were Installed In Maxillary Arch Of Each Patient In Areas Of Lateral Incisors And First Premolars To Retain Maxillary Implant Overdenture Then The Upper Denture Was Modified By Reduction Of The Palatal Coverage Area For Half Of The Patients And Was Followed Radiographically For One Year.

Results: There Was Significant Difference Between The Two Groups (P � 0.05). Conclusion: Marginal Bone Height Loss Around Implants Was Increased By Reduction Of The Palatal Coverage.

Muhammad Hamdy, Tarek I. Elfaramawi And Niveen Askar,

ABSTRACT
Objective: The Aim Of This Present Study Was To Evaluate The Relation Between Primary Implant Stability Of Delayed Implant Placement And Bone Density In Posterior Mandibular Area. Patients And Methods: 16 Implants Were Placed For 9 Patients (6 Females And 3 Males) That Had At Least A Missing One Mandibular Posterior Tooth. Bone Density Of Each Implant Site Was Measured Preoperatively Through Orthopantomograph. The Implant Osteotomy Was Done According To The Manufacture?s Instruction Under Copious Irrigation After The Replacement Of The Pilot Drill With A 2.0mm Trephine Bur To Obtain A Core Biopsy With A Fixed Starting Torque Of 15Nm2. For Each Implant Primary Implant Stability Was Measured Immediately Postoperatively By Resonance Frequency Analysis.

Results: For All The 16 Implants Sites, Bone Density Was D4. All The 16 Implants Were Stable With A Mean Primary Stability Of 69.9(+- 14.5) ISQ. Conclusion: There Is No Correlation Between Primary Implant Stability And Bone Density And Drilling Torque.

Sara G. El-Gamal, Jealan M. El-Shafei And Heba A. El-Asfouri,

ABSTRACT
Abstract: The Aim Of This Study Was To Assess The Fracture Resistance And Sealing Ability Of Endodontically Treated Teeth Obturated With Guttacore Root Canal Obturator As Compared With Thermafil Root Canal Obturator, And To Examine The Guttacore Material To Verify Its Crosslinked Structure.

Materials and Methods: Ninety Freshly Extracted Single Rooted Mandibular Premolars Were Selected For The Study. Teeth Were Divided Into The Following Groups: Group A (n=20) The Canals Were Obturated With Guttacore Endodontic Obturator And AH Plus Sealer. Group B (n=20) The Canals Are Obturated With Thermafil Endodontic Obturator And AH Plus Sealer. Group C (n=20): Root Canals Were Obturated With Conventional Gutta-percha And AH Plus Sealer Using Lateral Condensation Technique. Thirty Extra Teeth Served As Positive And Negative Control Groups. Mechanical Preparation Was Completed Using Rotary ProTaper Files Up To Size F3. Obturation Was Carried Out In Each Group According To The Manufacturer Instructions. Mechanical Testing Was Done Using A Rounded Tip Attached To Universal Testing Machine. While Linear Dye Penetration Using Silver Nitrate Dye Was Done To Assess The Apical Sealing Ability Of The Tested Materials Under A Stereomicroscope. Finally, The Guttacore Material Was Examined Under Scanning Electron Microscope And Tested For Dissolution In Solvents To Reveal Its Crosslinked Nature. Result: There Was A Non-statistically Significant Difference Between The Guttacore And Thermafil Regarding Fracture Resistance (P>0.5). However, Both Groups Showed Significantly Higher Values Than The Lateral Condensation Group. Guttacore Group Showed Statistically Significant Lower Dye Leakage Than Thermafil (P<0.5).

Conclusions: Based On Our Findings It Could Be Hypothesized That The Guttacore Material Provide Strengthening For The Root Dentin Together With Adequate Sealing Ability Properties Comparable To Lateral Condensation Technique.

Heba Ibrahim, Mohamed M. Abdel Azim And Geraldine Ahmed,

ABSTRACT
This Double Blind Randomized Clinical Trial Was Done To Assess And Compare The Efficacy Of 2% Mepivacaine Versus 4% Articaine For Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block (IANB) In Patients With Symptomatic Irreversible Pulpitis In Mandibular Molars. Subjects And Methods: 66 Participants Aged Between 18-50 Years Were Included In The Study. Only Vital Mandibular Molars With Symptomatic Irreversible Pulpitis Were Selected And Treated In One Visit. The Participants Were Randomly Assigned Into Two Equal Groups According To The Anesthetic Solution Used: Articaine Group: IANB Injection Of 3.4 Ml Articaine Hydrochloride 4% With 1:100 000 Epinephrine, Mepivacaine Group: IANB Injection Of 3.6 Ml Mepivacaine Hydrochloride 2% With 1:100000 Epinephrine. The Access Cavity Preparation And Root Canal Instrumentation Were Done 15 Minutes After IANB Injection. The Participants Ranked Their Preoperative Pain, Pain During Access Cavity Preparation And Pain During Instrumentation On Numerical Rating Scale (NRS). The Number Of Patients Who Needed Supplemental Anesthesia (intra-pulpal) Was Recorded. Obturation Was Performed Using Modified Single Cone Technique.

Results: There Was No Statistically Significant Difference Between The Two Groups In The Efficacy Of Anesthesia, Pain Intensity And Incidence At The Different Pain Categories During Access Cavity Preparation And Root Canal Instrumentation (P>0.5). There Was No Significant Statistical Difference In Supplemental Anesthesia Needed In The Two Groups (P>0.5). Conclusion: Based These Findings It Could Be Hypothesized That The Efficacy Of Anesthesia Is Similar In Both Articaine And Mepivacaine Groups In Mandibular Molars With Acute Pulpitis. Both Groups Failed To Achieve Complete Pulpal Anesthesia In Mandibular Molars With Acute Pulpitis With IANB Only And They Were Similar Regarding The Need For Supplemental Anesthesia.

Noura M. Kamal, Hend M. Salem And Heba M. Dahmoush,

ABSTRACT
Background: Salivary Gland Cancers Are A Group Of Neoplasms Having Biological, Histological And Clinical Diversity. This Diversity Represents A Challenge For Diagnosis, Classification And Management Of Salivary Gland Cancers. We Believe That The Present Study Is The First To Compare And Correlate The Immunohistochemical Expression Of EpCAM In Different Grades Of Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma (MEC) And Solid Variant Of Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma (solid AdCC) In Comparison With The Normal Salivary Glands, To Ascertain The Possible Diagnostic And Prognostic Significance As Well As, Propose EpCAM Targeted Therapy As A Possible Treatment Approach For Patients With Salivary Gland Tumors.

Materials and Methods: 60 Specimens (12 Normal Salivary Gland Tissue, 36 MEC And 12 Solid AdCC) Were Collected And EpCAM Membranous Expression Was Evaluated By Immunohistochemistry. The Total Immunoscore (TIS) Was Evaluated, Which Represented The Product Of The Proportion Score And The Intensity Score. The Term ?EpCAM Overexpression? Was Given For Tissues Showing A Total Immunoscore >4.

Results: A Highly Significant Difference Was Observed Between TIS Percent Values In Control, Different Grades Of MEC And Solid AdCC (p< 0.001). High Grade MEC (HG-MEC) And Solid AdCC Were Found To Be The Highest EpCAM Expressors. Although, Lack Of EpCAM Expression Was Detected In Two Cases Of HG-MEC And One Case Of Solid AdCC. Conclusion: EpCAM Was Frequently Detected In MEC And Solid AdCC Making These Tumours Potential Targets For Anti-EpCAM Therapies. The Diffuse Membranous Expression In HG-MEC Could Be Of Diagnostic Value In Relation To The Patchy Expression Observed In Both Low Grade And Intermediate Grade MEC.

Noha S. Zein, Eman M. El-Maghraby , Dalia M. Abdel Hamid And Ahmed-Nour A. Habib,

ABSTRACT
Background: Early Childhood Caries Is Etiologically Associated With Bacterial Colonization. Streptococcus Mutans (S.mutans) Have Been Related To Dental Cariesbased On Well-defined Cariogenicity. A Body Of Evidence Suggests That Children Acquire S. Mutans Primarily From Their Mothers. It Was Also Suggested That Mode Of Child Delivery Can Lead To Differences In The Initial Foundation Of Oral Microbiota.

Purpose: To Assess The Acquisition Of S.mutans And Streptococcus Mitis (S. Mitis) In A Group Of Egyptian Infants In Relation To Mode Of Child Delivery And Maternal Salivary Bacterial Counts And Caries Index Scores. Subjects And Methods:A Total Of 50 Mothers And Their Infants Were Recruited In This Study To Assess The Acquisition Of S. Mutans And S.mitisin Relation To Mode Of Child Delivery, Maternal Salivary Bacterial Counts And DMFT Scores.

Results: Acquisition Of S. Mutans Was Significantly Higher In Cesarean-section (C- Section) Group Compared To Vaginally Delivered Group At 3 Months. S. Mitis Was Found In All Children At 3 And 6 Months Regardless The Mode Of Child Delivery. A Highly Significant Direct Correlation Between Infants? S. Mutans Counts At 3 & 6 Months And Maternal DMFT Mean Scores, As Well As Maternal S.mutans Counts Was Found. While, There Was A Highly Significant Inverse Correlation Between Infants? S. Mutans Counts At 3 & 6 Months And Maternal S. Mitis Mean Counts. Also, There Was A Highly Significant Inverse Correlation Between Infants? S. Mitis Mean Counts At 3 & 6 Months And Maternal DMFT Mean Scoresand Maternal S. Mutans Mean Counts. While, There Was A Highly Significant Direct Correlation Between Infants? S. Mitis At 3 & 6 Months And Maternal S.mitis Mean Counts.

Conclusions: C- Section Delivered Infants Had Earlier Acquisition And Higher Counts Of S. Mutans. S. Mitis Was Found In All Investigated Infants As Early As 3 Months Of Age.Early S. Mutans Acquisition In Infants Was Detected In Infants Whose Mothers Had High Maternal S. Mutans And Low S. Mitis Counts And High DMFT Scores.

Ragy Mohamed Elbadry, Sayed Hussein Saniour, Taheya Ahmed Moussa, Magdy W. Sabaa And,

ABSTRACT


Purpose: Evaluation Of The Bond Strength Of Resin Composite And Glass Ionomer Restorations To Gamma Radiated Enamel And Dentin Using A Desensitizing Agent And Different Adhesive Protocols.

Materials and Methods: Ninety Enamel And Dentin Samples (45 Each) Obtained From 15 Human Molars Were Divided Into 3 Main Groups (n=15): Control, Radiated, And Radiated/desensitized With Casein Phosphopeptide-amorphous Calcium Phosphate (CPP-ACP). The Samples Were Restored By Resin Composite (RC) Using Etch-rinse Or Self-etch Adhesives And Glass Ionomer (GI-self-adhesive) Then Sectioned To Obtain Beam-shaped Specimens. Micro-tensile Bond Strength (�-TBS) Was Measured And The Mode Of Failure Was Examined. Data Were Statistically Analyzed.

Results: Gamma Radiated Enamel/RC Showed Lower �-TBS Than The Control Group While Gamma Radiated/desensitized Enamel Restored With RC Showed The Lowest �-TBS Regardless To The Adhesives Used. Whereas, Gamma Radiated/desensitized Enamel/GI Showed The Highest Significant �-TBS Values Among The Enamel/GI Group. On The Contrary, The �-TBS Values Of Gamma Radiated Dentin/RC Using Either Adhesives Or Restored With GI Was Insignificantly Different Than Its Corresponding Control Groups. Nevertheless, Gamma Radiated/desensitized Dentin/GI Revealed The Highest �-TBS. Groups With The Low �-TBS Values Exhibited Predominantly Adhesive Or Mixed Failure Modes, While Predominance Of Cohesive And Mixed Failures Was Detected For Groups With The Higher �-TBS Values. Conclusion: Gamma Radiation Has A Detrimental Effect On The Enamel/RC Bond Strength Regardless The Adhesive Protocol Used. The CPP-ACP Has A Negative Effect On Both Enamel And Dentin Bonding To RC When Etch-rinse Or Self-etch Adhesive Protocol Were Used But Enhances That Of The Enamel/GI And Dentin/GI.

Rania Ahmed Salama,

ABSTRACT
The Current Study Was Carried Out To Experimentally Prepare An Adhesive Resin In Egypt As Well As To Evaluate Its Degree Of Conversion, Viscosity And Microtensile Bond Strength. Samples Were Divided Into Two Groups According To The Material Used: Group 1; Experimentally Prepared Adhesive, Group 2; (control); A Commercially Available Adhesive ?Solobond M, Voco, Germany?. Steps Of Preparation Of The Experimentally Prepared Adhesive Resin Involved: Preparation Of The Mixture Of Monomers, Preparation Of The Photo-initiator System And Addition Of Acetone And Ethanol Solvents. Chemical Analysis Of The Experimentally Prepared Adhesive And The Commercial Adhesive (Solobond M) Was Carried Out By Means Of FTIR Spectroscopy. Evaluation Of The Experimental Adhesive Resin Was Done Regarding Its Degree Of Conversion, Viscosity And Dentin Microtensile Bond Strength. Results Revealed That The Experimentally Prepared Adhesive (group 1) Had A Statistically Significant Higher Degree Of Conversion (18.294%) Compared To The Control Adhesive (Solobond M) (13.056%). However, There Was No Statistically Significant Difference In The Mean Microtensile Bond Strength Between The Experimentally Prepared Adhesive And The Control Adhesive.

Rania Osama Abd El Halim, Souzy Farid Shinaishin And Marwa M. Abd El Hamed,

ABSTRACT
Background: Cisplatin Is Widely Used As An Effective Chemotherapeutic Agent, But It Affects Normal Tissues By Generating Reactive Oxygen Species And Free Radicals. Vitamin C Is One Of The Most Available Potent Antioxidant Agents. It Can Counteract The Damaging Effect Of Free Radicals And Harmful Oxygen-derived Species In The Tissues.

Aim: The Aim Of This Study Was To Evaluate The Apoptosis Induced By Cisplatin In Rats? Submandibular Salivary Glands And The Possible Protective Effect Of Vitamin C.

Materials and Methods: The Study Was Carried Out On 42 Male Albino Rats Weighing Between 150-200 Grams. The Rats Were Divided Into: Control Group: Rats Were Given Distilled Water Orally And Intra-peritoneal Injection Of Saline. Cisplatin Group: Rats Were Given Intra-peritoneal Injection Of Single Dose Of Cisplatin (5 Mg/kg). Vitamin C And Cisplatin Group: Rats Were Given Single Dose Of Vitamin C (100 Mg/kg) Orally And Intra-peritoneal Injection Of Cisplatin. All Groups Were Further Subdivided Into: Subgroup A: Seven Animals Were Terminated 3 Days After The Injection. Subgroup B: The Other Seven Animals Were Terminated 5 Days After The Injection. Sections Of The Processed Submandibular Salivary Glands Were Stained By Hematoxyline & Eosin And Anti-active Caspase 3 Immuno Stains To Detect The Histological Changes Induced By Cisplatin And The Possible Protective Effect Of Vitamin C.

Results: The Subgroups Received Cisplatin Revealed Degenerative Changes In The Acini And Ducts As Numerous Intracellular Vacuoles And Pyknotic Nuclei. While Those Received Vitamin C And Cisplatin Revealed More Or Less Normal Glandular Structure. Immunohistochemical Examination Revealed That The Positive Reaction To Anti-active Caspase 3 In Cisplatin Subgroups Was Significantly Higher Than The Control Subgroups Indicating Severe Apoptotic Changes While Vitamin C And Cisplatin Subgroups Revealed Significant Reduction In The Apoptotic Activity In Comparison With Cisplatin Subgroups. Conclusion: Vitamin C Had A Protective Effect Against Cytotoxic And Apoptotic Changes Induced By Cisplatin In Rat Submandibular Salivary Glands.

Ahmed Nabil Roshdy, Maged Hakim And Lamiaa Khairallah,

ABSTRACT
The Purpose Of This Is To Evaluate The Marginal Accuracy Of Press On Veneer Fabricated At Different Axial Lengths To Zirconia Core. Materials And Method: A Stainless Steel Die Resembling A Prepared Mandibular Premolar Was Machined To Allow Standardization Of The Prepared Crowns. Total Number Of Forty Ceramic Crowns Were Fabricated Using This Die. The Samples Were Then Divided Into Four Groups According To The Axial Distances From The Core To The Finish Line That Was Completed With The Veneering Material. Group 1: Zirconium Oxide Core Fabricated Till The Finish Line, Group 2: Zirconium Core 0.5 Mm Short Of The Finish Line, Group 3: Zirconium Oxide Core 1mm Short Of The Finish Line, Group 4: Zirconium Oxide Core 1.5mm Short Of The Finish Line. The Core Was Veneered And The Short Core Margins Were Completed Using Zipress Veneering Material. Then Each Group Was Thermocycled 1500 Cycles Between 5-55�C. The Marginal Accuracy Was Assessed Using Travelling Microscope.

Results: Both Group 1and 2 Showed The Statistically Significantly Highest Mean Gap Distance Values Compared To Other Two Group. There Was No Statistically Significant Difference Between 1 Mm And 1.5 Mm Groups While Both Showed The Statistically Significantly Lowest Mean Gap Distance Values. Conclusion: Despite The Advances In CAD/CAM Technique, Pressable Ceramic Using Lost Wax Technique Presented Better Marginal Adaptation Than Machined Zirconia Core Which Might Be Related To Software Limitation In Designing Restorations.