Samia Mostafa Kamal, Rehab A. Abdel Moneim And Aml Mostafa Kamal,

ABSTRACT
Background: Human Eruption Is A Unique Developmental Process In The Organism. The Etiology Or The Mechanism Behind Eruption Has Never Been Fully Understood. Accordingly, The Mechanism Of Eruption Depends On The Correlation Between Space In The Eruption Course Created By The Crown Follicle, Eruption Pressure Triggered By Innervation In The Apical Root Membrane And The Ability Of The Periodontal Ligament To Adapt To Eruptive Movements.

Aim: This Study Was Designed To Localize And Delineate The Role Of The Signaling Molecule; Transforming Growth Factor Beta (TGF-?) Before, During And After Eruption.

Materials and Methods: The Study Was Carried Out On Twenty Adult Albino Rats (6-8 Months Old) And Of Average Weight 200-250 Gm. The Rats Were Housed Together For Mating. After Pregnancy Confirmation, The Off- Springs Were: Sacrificed At Birth (Group I), 5 Days Postpartum (Group II), 10 Days Postpartum (Group III) And 15 Days Postpartum (Group IV). Each Group Consisted Of Ten Off-springs. The Lower Jaws Of All Off-springs Were Then Dissected, Processed And Mounted In Paraffin Wax For Histological Examination, Immunohistochemical Assessment And Statistical Analysis.

Results: Immunohistochemical Investigation Showed That TGF-? Was Widely And Deeply Expressed In Tooth Follicle And Bone Trabeculae At The Base Of The Growing Tooth At All Developmental Ages And Was Significantly Increased At 15 Days Postpartum With Statistical Significance; P<0.0001. Conclusion: Although The Exact Mechanisms Of Eruption Are Not Yet Known, We Proposed A Close Relation Between Signaling Molecules And Eruption Process Based Upon Our Findings And The Apparent Effects Of TGF-? On Odontogenesis And On The Whole Eruption Process.

Nermeen Ahmed Hassan , Amr Hosni El-Khadem And Maha Wagdy El-Kerdawy,

ABSTRACT
Background: Titanium Has Been Used Considered The Gold Standard For Dental Implants For Many Years Due To Its Superior Mechanical Properties. However, It Has Many Drawbacks Regarding Corrosion And Esthetics That Required Searching For Another Alternative. In This Study, We Aimed To Determine The Amount Of Stresses Developing In The Peri-implant Bone Under Vertical Load When Different Types Of PEEK Are Used As An Implant Material.

Materials and Methods: Four Virtual Models Of A Mandible With Two Inter-foraminal Implants Supporting An Overdenture Were Designed Using SolidWorks Software. Unilateral Vertical Load Was Applied Over The Denture Teeth And Von Misses Stresses Were Collected From The Peri-implant Bone.

Results: Von Mises Stresses In The Coronal Portion Of The Peri-implant Bone Was The Highest Around PEEK Implants And The Least Around Titanium Implants. Conclusion: PEEK Can Be Used As An Alternative To Titanium In Dental Implants From The Mechanical Point Of View, But Further Clinical Studies Are Recommended To Test The Material Behavior Intraorally.

Mennat-Allah Sayed Gaber, Shaymaa I. Habib And Abdel-Hadi Mohamed Amin,

ABSTRACT


Purpose: The Aim Of This Study Was To Evaluate Solubility, Calcium And Phosphorus Ions Release And Bioactivity Of Resin Modified Glass Ionomer Cement Before And After Addition Of Nanobioactive Glass Particles.

Materials and Methods: One Commercially Available Resin Modified Glass Ionomer Cement And Nanobioactive Glass Particles Were Used In This Study. Bioactive Glass Was Added To The Cement Powder By Two Weight Percentages 2wt% And 5wt%. Solubility Was Evaluated Using ANSI/ADA Specification No.66-1989 For Glass Ionomer Cements. Twenty One Samples (n=7/gp) Were Prepared Using Split Teflon Mold (7.75�1.5mm). Solubility Was Recorded At 7 Days And 30 Days. For Calcium And Phosphorus Ions Release, 21 Samples (n=7/gp) Were Prepared Using The Same Mold And Stored In Deionized Water Then Recorded At 7 Days And 30 Days. Regarding Bioactivity ,12 Samples (n=4/gp) Were Prepared And Immersed In PBS Solution For 7 Days And 30 Days And Examined By Scanning Electron Microscope (Field Emission Gun) Attached With Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis Unit EDXA. The Results Were Statistically Analyzed.

Results: Regarding Solubility, Results Showed A Statistically Significant Difference Between Group I, Group II And Group III After Both 7 Days And 30 Days. Moreover, Storage For 30 Days Showed Statistically Higher Solubility Values In All Groups Than 7 Days. Regarding Calcium Ions Release, There Was A Statistically Significant Difference Between Group I, Group II And Group III After Both 7 Days And 30 Days. However, No Statistically Significant Difference Was Recorded Between 7days And 30 Days In All Groups. For Phosphorus Ions Release, It Was Found That There Was A Statistically Significant Difference Between Group I, Group II And Group III After 7 Days. However, After 30 Days There Was No Statistically Significant Difference Between Group I, Group II And Group III. Results Also Showed Statistically Significant Higher Ph Ions Release After 30 Days Than 7 Days. Regarding Bioactivity, CaP Deposits Were Obvious Only In High Concentrations Of BAG (group III) After 30 Days Immersion In PBS On The Surface Of The Samples With Ca/P Molar Ratio =1.3.

Conclusions: 1. There Is A Direct Relationship Between The Amount Of BAG Added To RMGI And Its Solubility. 2. Although Addition Of BAG To RMGI Increased The Ion Bioavailability And Solubility, The Bioactivity Was Not Sufficiently Improved.

Mohamed S. Elbehairy, Nora Cheta, Tamer M. Nassef And Hamdy A. Hamed,

ABSTRACT
Background Comparing The Effect Of Implant Inclination On Stress Distribution In Peri-implant Bone In Mandibular All On Four Hybrid Prosthesis. Material And Methods Bone Model Was Reconstructed From CBCT Scan Segmentation, Implants And Cad/cam Prosthesis Were Exported As STL Files And Converted Into Solid Parts By Reverse Engineering Followed By Part Assembly, Meshing And Load Application. Results A Large Decrease In Von-mises Stresses Was Observed In The Model With 30 Degrees Tilted Implants. Conclusion Model D30 Was The Best Treatment Design Regarding Stress Distribution Compared To The Other Two Models.

Osama S. Selim, Jihan F. Younis And Tamer A. Hamza,

ABSTRACT
Statement Of Problem: The Mechanical Properties Of Recently Introduced Zirconia Reinforced Lithium Silicate Materials As Full Anatomical Restorations Require More Evaluation. The Lack Of Documentation Studying The Effect Of Different Finish Line Curvatures On The Mechanical Behaviour Of Ceramics Necessitated Investigation. The Purpose Of This In-vitro Study Is To Compare The Fracture Resistance Of Recently Introduced Zirconia Reinforced Lithium Silicate To Lithium Disilicate Using Two Different Finish Line Curvatures.

Materials and Methods: Twenty-eight Crowns Were Milled And Fabricated Using CAD/CAM System On Epoxy Dies Duplicated From A Stainless-steel Master Die. They Were Divided Into 2 Equal Groups (n = 14) According To The Ceramic Material Type Used: Group I, Monolithic Lithium Disilicate (IPS E.maxCAD) And Group S, Monolithic Zirconia-reinforced Lithium Silicate (Vita Suprinity). According To The Finish Line Curvature; Zero And 3mm Curve, Each Group Were Subdivided Into Two Equal Subgroups (n=7). All Specimens Were Cemented On Epoxy Dies Using A Self-adhesive Resin Cement (TOTALCEM, Itena), And Then Loaded Until Fracture Using A Universal Testing Machine. Kruskal-Wallis Test Was Used To Compare Between The Two Ceramic Types. Mann-Whitney U Test Was Used To Compare Between The Two Finish Line Curvatures. The Significance Level Was Set At P ? 0.05. Hypothesis: The Two Different Finish Line Curvatures Will Affect The Fracture Resistance Of The Tested Monolithic Crowns

Results: With Both Ceramic Types, There Was No Statistically Significant Difference Between Mean Fracture Resistance Values Of The Two Finish Line Curvatures. IPS E.maxCAD Showed The Statistically Significantly Higher Mean Fracture Resistance Than Vita Suprinity. Conclusion: The Finish Line Curvature Had No Effect On The Fracture Resistance Of The Tested Ceramic Restorations. The Strength Of Tested Ceramic Is A Material Dependant Where IPS E.maxCAD Crowns Showed Higher Fracture Resistance Mean Values Than Vita Suprinity

Rana Abdel Hameed El Gazar, Mohamad Seddik Mohamad Kamel And Eman Fahmy Ado Elfetoh .,

ABSTRACT
Background: Tooth Bleaching Has Become Popular In Dentistry Since It Has Been Shown To Be An Effective And Noninvasive Treatment. The Bleaching Agent Is Applied In Intimate Contact With The Teeth, With Potentially Associated Restorations, It Has Been Speculated That This Process Could Cause Negative Alterations In Oral Substrates

Purpose: To Evaluate In-office Light-activated Bleaching On Translucency Of Hybrid Ceramic By Measuring Transmittance And Absorption Of Light By Spectrophotometer.

Materials and Methods: Twenty Specimens Were Prepared In (3M2-T) Shade And Were Cut From CAD/CAM Blocks Of Hybrid Ceramic. The Study Will Consist Of Twenty Specimens Of Hybrid Ceramic And These Specimens Will Be Randomly Divided Into 2 Groups. The Translucency Of The Samples Of Group I Act As A Controlled Group Which Were Not Received32% Hydrogen Peroxide Bleaching Agent Was Measured By Spectrophotometer. Samples Of Group II Received 3 Times Applications Of The Bleaching Agent. Each Cycle Ranges 15-20 Min. Then Exposed To A LED Power Bleach System For Three Cycles � 15 Min Each With 10 Min Resting Time. New Translucency Evaluation By The Spectrophotometry In The Same Way For Samples Of Group II.

Results: In This Study, A Comparison Of The Groups Using Independent T-test Revealed Statistically Significant Differences In Translucency Values Before And After Bleaching (P<0.001). After Bleaching, We Can Observe A Decrease In The Absorption Of Light. Also, There Was An Increase In Transmittance Of Light In Group II Samples When Compared With Samples Of Group I. This Is Proved That Bleaching Caused A Highly Significant Change In Translucency Values Of Hybrid Ceramic. Conclusion: In Conclusion, Statistically Significant Differences Among The Translucency Changes Of All Test Groups Were Found After Exposing Them To The Bleaching Agent.

Mohamed Khalid Ebn- Elwaleed Diab, Manal Rafie Hassan And Mohammed Moustafa Shalaby,

ABSTRACT

Objectives: The Aim Of This Study Was To Assess The Effect Of Finishing Techniques On Translucency Of Two All Ceramic Materials (pressed Lithium Di Silicate And Yttrium Stabilized Tetragonal Zirconia). Methods: Sixty Discs Were Fabricated; Thirty Of Each Material Was Divided Randomly To Three Sub Groups According To Techniques Of Traditional Polishing, Auto Glaze And Add-on Glaze. All Of Discs Were Subjected To Aging Procedures Of Thermocycling & Subjected To Different Coloring Solutions That Mimic The Conditions Of Oral Cavities Tea, Coffee, Orange Juice, Lemon Juice And Cola . All Discs Were Subjected To Translucency Test Using Portable Intraoral Digital Spectrophotometer (Vita Easy Shade) Against Black & White Backgrounds For Comparison With The Respective Control Groups.

Results: Regarding To Polishing & Glazing Tests Was The Only Significant Test From The Three Way ANOVA (p Value 0.001). Pressed Lithium Di Silicate Discs Were More Translucent In All Subgroups With High Statistical Significance (P Value <0.001). Pressed Lithium Di Silicate Discs Were Non-significant Before And After Emersion In Coloring Solutions And Aging Thermo-cycling Test. (P Value 0.336). Yttrium Stabilized Tetragonal Zirconia Discs Was Non-significant Before And After Emersion In Coloring Solutions And Aging Thermo-cycling Test When Subjected To Auto Glaze. (P Value 0.586). Tetragonal Zirconia Discs Were Significant Before And After Emersion In Coloring Solutions And Aging Thermo-cycling Test When Subjected To Add-on Glaze (P Value 0.175) And Traditional Polishing (P Value 1). Conclusion: It Could Be Concluded From This Study, That Pressed Lithium Di Silicate Was The Material Of Choice When It Comes To Esthetics As It Was More Translucent Than Yttrium Stabilized Tetragonal Zirconia & It Was Resistant To Staining By Food And Drinks, More Over It Was Highly Resistant To Ageing As Proven By Thermocycling.

Mohamed Gamal Hamdy Abddel-Aal, Cherief Adel Mohsen And Shams Waaz Amgad .,

ABSTRACT
Statement Of The Problem: Color Stability Of All Ceramic Restorations Cemented In The Oral Cavity Is Point Of Concern For Both Dentist And Patient. The Aim Of This Study Was To Evaluate Color Stability Of Zirconia Ceramic After Being Subjected To Aging.

Materials & Methods: Fifteen Zirconia Samples Were Constructed In The Form Of Discs By Copy Milling. All The Samples Were 5mm In Diameter But With Different Thickness. The Samples Were Divided Into Three Subgroups According To The Thickness Of The Ceramic C1:0.7mm, C2:1mm And C3:1.5mm. Spectrophotometric Measurements Were Made Before Aging And After Aging Where The Samples Were Immersed In Sodium Hypochlorite 1% For 15 Days As Aging And ?E Was Calculated. Data Were Tabulated And Statistically Analyzed Using One-way Analysis Of Variance (ANOVA). Result: The Most Color Change Occurred With 1.5mm Ceramic (?E:15.55�1.46), The 1mm Ceramic Had A Value About (?E: 5.2�1.27), While The Least Color Change Occurred With 0.7mm Ceramic (?E 3�0.82). Conclusion: There Was Increase In The Color Change With The Increase In The Thickness Of The Ceramic. Aging Had Significant Effect On The Color Stability Of Zirconia Ceramic With The Most Color Change Occured With The Higher Ceramic Thickness. Clinical Recommendation: Zirconia Should Not Be Used With A Thickness More Than 0.7mm To Attain Acceptable Color Stability.

Mahmoud Ahmed Kamel, Manal Rafei Hassan And Raiessa Mohammed Hashem .,

ABSTRACT

Objectives: The Purpose Of This Study Is To Investigate The Wear Of Recently Used CAD/CAM Ceramics Against Natural Tooth Structure In A Chewing Apparatus.

Materials and Methods: Thirty Rectangular Ceramic Samples (12x14x2) Were Divided Into Three Groups (n=10): Translucent Zirconia (Zr), Lithium Disilicate (e-max) And Hybrid Ceramic (vita Enamic). Natural Human Premolar Cusps Were Used As Antagonists. Ceramic Samples And Premolar Antagonists Were Dynamically Three-body Loaded In A Dual Axis Chewing Simulator With 49 N For 150,000 Loading Cycles. Wear Measurement For Ceramic Samples And Premolar Antagonists Were Calculated Using Weight Loss (gm.), And Surface Roughness Measurements (?m). Data Were Statistically Analyzed With One-way ANOVA Test, Followed By Post-hoc Test Between Groups.

Results: A Significant Difference Was Detected Between The Mean Values Of Weight Loss (gm.) Of The Three Tested Ceramic Materials And Their Premolar Antagonists With The Greatest Weight Loss Detected In Polymer-infiltrated Ceramics (Mean � SD: 0.0094�0.0028) Followed By Lithium-disilicate ( 0.0032�0.0009) And The Lowest Loss In Zirconia (0.0009�0.0002) And P Value Of (<0.001). For The Premolar Antagonists; The Greatest Loss In The Mean Weight Of Premolar Cusps Was Detected In Cusps Opposing Zirconia (0.0113�0.0018), Followed By Lithium-disilicate (0.0038�0.0009) And The Least Loss Detected In Cusps Opposing Polymer-infiltrated Ceramics (0.0003� 9) And P Value Of (<0.001). A Significant Difference In Surface Roughness (?m) In The Tested Ceramic Samples And In The Antagonistic Premolar Cusps. Surface Roughness Increased After Wear Testing But The Greatest Increase Was Found In Polymer-infiltrated Ceramic Samples (0.0056�0.0008) Followed By Lithium Disilicate (0.0033�0.0009) And The Least Change Was In Zirconia Samples (0.001�0.0003 And P Value Of (<0.001). Surface Roughness Of Zirconia Antagonistic Premolar Cusps Showed The Greatest Increase (0.0042�0.0007) Followed By Lithium-disilicate (0.0024�0.0009), While The Least Increase In Roughness Was In Cusps Opposing Polymer-infiltrated Ceramic Samples (0.0004�0.0001) And P Value Of (<0.001). Conclusion: Zirconia Showed The Best Wear Behavior Followed By Lithium-disilicate And Polymer-infiltrated Ceramics. Polymer-infiltrated Ceramic Is The Most Antagonist-friendly Among Tested Materials.

Hala Khaled Elsayed; Amal Hassan Abdel-Rahman And Dina Soliman Khater .,

ABSTRACT
Background: Head And Neck Cancer Among The Most Common Incident Cancers In Men Worldwide.�Early Detection Is The Key To Higher Survival Rate Against This Type Of Cancer. Cytokeratins Are Essential Intracellular Components, Reflecting Distinct Cellular Properties And Differentiation Stages In Epithelial Tissues. The CYFRA 21-1 Assay, Which Is The Soluble Fragment Of Cytokeratin 19, Has Been Proven Capable Of Early Detection Of Epithelial Carcinomas. This Study Was Conducted To Correlate The Immunoexpression Of CK 19 With The Concentration Of Its Salivary Fragments (CYFRA 21-1) For Early Detection Of Induced Dysplastic Changes Prior To Malignant Transformation In Experimental Rat. Conclusion: There Is A Positive Correlation Between CK 19 Immunoexpression In Tissue And The Level Of CYFRA 21-1 In Saliva.

Esraa Khairy Morsy, Enas Anter Abdel Ghafar And Sahar Hosny El Dessouky,

ABSTRACT

Objectives: The Study Aimed To Assess The Accuracy Of Linear Measurements On Three-dimensional (3D) Volume Rendered Images Generated From Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) In Comparison With Two-dimensional Multiplanar Reformatted Slices (2D MPR).

Materials and Methods: 16 Dry Human Skulls Were Scanned Using Planmeca Promax 3D Mid CBCT Machine, 23 Anatomical Landmarks Were Selected And Marked On Each Skull Using Gutta-percha Pieces, 14 Linear Measurements Were Taken Between Them Using Digital Caliper. Using A Third Party Software (In Vivo 5) The Same Linear Measurements Were Assessed On Both 3D VR Images And 2D MPR Ones. The Absolute Measurement Error �AME Was Assessed For Both Image Types, Then Compared Using Paired T-test.

Results: Paired T- Test Comparison Between ME Values Of Both Image Types Showed That Non-statistical Significant Difference Between Them Expect For MN Width� And �Me-POG�. Conclusion: Linear Measurements On Both 3D VR And 2D MPR Images Are Reliable And Accurate When Compared With Direct Caliper Measurements With Slight Higher Accuracy In 3D VR Images.

Abdallah Hassan M.; Manal M. Hosny And Rasha Wagih Mostafa .,

ABSTRACT

Objectives: To Clinically Evaluate Toothpaste Containing 8% Arginine, Calcium Carbonate And Sodium Mono-fluoro-phosphate In Comparison To Other Containing 8% Strontium Acetate And Sodium Fluoride On The Relief Of DH In Chronic Periodontitis Patients. Methods: 46 Patients With Slight To Moderate Chronic Periodontitis Were Randomly Assigned To One Of Two Groups And Followed Up For 8 Weeks. All Patients Received Full Mouth Mechanical Debridement. Air Blast Test And Cold Water Test Were Assessed Using Schiff Scale And VAS Score Respectively. Clinical Parameters Plaque Index (PLI), Gingival Index (GI), Probing Pocket Depth (PPD), Clinical Attachment Level (CAL) Were Recorded.

Results: Significant Reduction In Median Schiff Scores After Treatment With 33.3% Reduction From Baseline For Both Groups, With No Significant Difference Between Them. For VAS Scores, The Arginine Group Reported Earlier And Significant Improvement In Sensitivity To Cold Water Stimulus That Reached 55%. In The Strontium Group The Onset Of Reduction In Sensitivity Started From Week 3 And Reached 25%. Statistically Significant Difference Between The Two Groups Started From Week 7 Only. Conclusion: The Use Of 8% Arginine Toothpaste Twice Daily For 8 Weeks Produced Earlier And More Significant Reduction In Perception Of DH According To VAS Scores In Chronic Periodontitis Patients. No Significant Difference Between The Two Agents Could Be Detected In Relevance To Changes In PPD, CAL, PLI And GI.

Mohamed Omaia Ahmed, Maged M. Negm, Yousra M. Nashaat, Nehal N. Abdelaziz And Amal S. Othman,

ABSTRACT
Background: The Elimination Of Intracanal Microorganisms Is Essential For The Long-term Success Of Root Canal Treatment. This May Be Achieved By Mechanical Cleaning And Shaping In Conjunction With Irrigation And Antibacterial Agents. The Aim Of This Study Was To Assess The Ability Of Triple Antibiotic Paste With Diclofenac Potassium Anti-inflammatory Drug Versus Calcium Hydroxide Used As Intra-canal Medication In Reducing Intracanal Bacterial Count. Methods: 84 Patients With Asymptomatic Uniradicular Necrotic Teeth Were Randomly Assigned Into Two Groups According To The Intra-canal Medication Used: Calcium Hydroxide Group (CH) And Triple Antibiotic Paste With Diclofenac Potassium Anti-inflammatory Drug Group (TAPC). After Isolation, Access Cavity Was Performed Followed By Chemo-mechanical Preparation Using Rotary Protaper Universal Files With Saline Irrigation. Bacteriological Samples Obtained From The Root Canals Before (S1) And After Instrumentation (S2) In The First Treatment Session. Subsequently, Intra-canal Medication Was Placed And Bacterial Reduction Was Assessed In The Second Session After 3 Days (S3) Using Colony Forming Unit Test.

Results: Both Intracanal Medicaments Showed A Statistically Significant Bacterial Count Reduction From S2 To S3. TAP+Catafast Intracanal Medication Achieved Significant Bacterial Count Reduction Compared To That Of Ca(OH)2. Conclusion: The Use Of Triple Antibiotic Paste With Diclofenac Potassium Anti-inflammatory Drug As Intracanal Medication Was More Effective Than That Of Calcium Hydroxide In Asymptomatic Uniradicular Necrotic Teeth.

Hassan Mohamed Salah; Manal Mohamed Hosny; Olfat Gameel Shaker And Rasha Wagih Mostafa .,

ABSTRACT

Objectives: The Aim Of The Present Study Was To Evaluate The Possible Effect Of Vitamin E Administration As An Adjunct To Scaling And Root Planing On GCF Levels Of Malondialdehyde And Clinical Parameters In Patients With Chronic Periodontitis. The Adjunctive Effect Of Vitamin E Was Compared To Scaling And Root Planing Alone. Methods: Thirty-two Patients With Chronic Periodontitis Participated In This Study. They Received Scaling And Sub Gingival Debridement With Either Administration Of Vitamin E (Group I) Or Placebo (Group II). The Primary Outcome Was To Measure The Level Of Malondialdehyde (MDA) In Gingival Crevicular Fluid (GCF) Using The Quantitative Sandwich ELISA Technique. In Addition, Clinical Parameters Such As PLI,GI, PPD And CAL Were Recorded At Baseline And 3 Months After Treatment. Results The Mean Difference Between Baseline And 3 Months Scores Presented Significant Difference Between The 2 Groups With Respect To CAL And PD. The Test Group Presented More Gain In CAL (0.78mm Versus 0.46mm) And More Reduction In PD (0.81mm Versus 0.41mm). The Test Group Presented Higher Reduction In GCF Level Of MDA 3 Months Posttreatment. However, The Difference Between Groups Did Not Reach Statistical Significance. Conclusion: Scaling And Root Planing Significantly Reduced GCF Levels Of MDA 1 And 3 Months After Treatment Compared To Baseline Values. The Adjunctive Administration Of Vitamin E Produced Higher Reduction In GCF Levels Of MDA 3 Months After Treatment In Comparison To Control Group. The Adjunctive Administration Of Vitamin E Produced More Significant Reduction In Full Mouth Scores For PD And More Significant Gain In Full Mouth Scores For CAL 3 Months After Treatment.

Radwa M. Fayez , Jealan M. El Shafei And Alaa El Baz,

ABSTRACT
Objective: The Objective Of This Study Was To Assess And Compare The Effect Of Calcium Hydroxide/ Nano Silver Particulate Combination Intracanal Medicament Versus Calcium Hydroxide Intracanal Medicament On Postoperative Pain In Cases With Necrotic Pulp. Subject And Methods: Forty Patients With Necrotic Pulp In Anterior Teeth Were Included. After Through Clinical And Radiographic Diagnosis, Patients Were Enrolled Into Two Equal Random Group Each Of 20 Patients. All Caries Were Removed And The Pulp Chamber Was Accessed With Sterile High Speed Carbide Burs Under Sterile Saline Irrigation, Standard Endodontic Treatment Was Performed In Two Visits Using Rotary Nickel Titanium Files For Shaping, 2.5% Sodium Hypochlorite For Cleaning. Using Lentulo Spiral Filler, Medicaments Were Placed Under Aseptic Conditions Into The Canals According To Each Group At The End Of The First Visit, Lateral Condensation Technique With Resin Sealer For Obturation Was Done 7 Days Later. Pain Was Assessed Pre-operatively, Then After 6, 12, 24 And 48 Hours After Root Canals Obturation. Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) Was Used As The Primary Outcome Measure. Patients Were Given Analgesics To Be Administrated In Case Of Emergency. All Demographic Data And NRS Scores Were Collected From The Patients And Statistically Analyzed.

Results: Results Showed That There Was No Statistically Significant Difference In Pain Incidence Between The Two Groups After 6 Hrs. However Combining Pain Categories (mild And Moderate) The Comparison Between 2 Groups Become Statistically Significant. There Was No Significant Difference In Incidence Of Analgesic Intake Between The Two Groups.

Conclusions: Nano Silver Seems To Have A Good Potential To Be Used As An Appropriate Vehicle Of Ca (OH) 2 In Order To Reduce The Incidence Of Post-operative Pain In The First 24 Hours Following Root Canal Treatment.

Nourhan A. El-Maghrabi, Yehia S. Aboushady And Seham A. Hanafy,

ABSTRACT
Objective: The Aim Of This Study Was To Evaluate The Effect Of Sintering, Surface Treatment And Different Types Of Cements On The Shear Bond Strength Of Zirconia-reinforced Lithium Silicate Restorations.

Materials and Methods: Forty Specimens Of Zirconia-reinforced Lithium Silicate Of 10 Mm In Diameter And Thickness Was 2mm Were Randomly Divided Into Two Groups (N=20), One Group Was Cut And One Surface Polished While The Other Group Was Cut And Sintered. Each Group Was Randomly Subdivided According To The Method Of Surface Treatment; One Group Was Sandblasted While The Other Group Was Sandblasted And Etched With Hydrofluoric Acid And Luted To Composite Cylinders By Using Two Types Of Resin Cements: A Dual-curing (Calibra Resin Cement) And Dual-curing (Panavia V5) Adhesive Systems According To The Manufacturer�s Instructions. Specimens Were Thermo-cycled Between 5�C And 55�C In Water For 500 Cycles, Shear Bond Strength Test Was Performed In A Universal Testing Machine At 0.5 Mm/min Until Failure Occurred. All De-bonded Samples Were Examined Under A Stereomicroscope To Identify The Failure Mode.

Results: The Effect Of Type Of Surface Finish (sintered /one Surface Polished) Within The Specimens Showed That Sintered Provided Higher Bond Strength Than One Surface Polished . On Comparing Between The Type Of Surface Treatment Sandblasted Or Sandblasted + Hydrofluoric Acid Etched And Silanation Used In Each Subgroup, The Sandblasted Followed By Hydrofluoric Acid Etched And Silanation Provided Higher Bond Strength Than Sandblasted . Moreover, Calibra Resin Cement Provided Higher Bond Strength Than Panavia V5 Resin Cement.

Conclusions: It Was Concluded That The Type Of Surface Finish, Surface Treatment And Type Of Resin Cement Had A Significant Effect On The Shear Bond Strength Of Zirconia Reinforced Lithium Silicate Ceramics.

Moataz Moktar, Eman Mohie, Fady Fahim And Amr Labib .,

ABSTRACT
Objective: To Detect Influence Of Bend-back Of The NiTi Wires During Leveling And Alignment On The Maxillary Incisors.

Materials and Methods: The Sample Comprised 42 Females And Males Aging About 20+2 Years. They Were Randomly Allocated Into Two Groups: Control Group (A) And Intervention Group (B) With Bend-back Of All Leveling Arch Wires. Lateral Cephalomtric Radiographs Were Performed And The Data Were Statistically Analyzed.

Results: Significant Increase In The Maxillary Incisors� Proclination Was Manifested In Both Groups, Where There Was Increase In The U1/PP, U1/NA And U1-NA(mm) Measurements.

Conclusions: Bend-back Of The Niti Wires During The Leveling And Alignment Stages Did Not Prevent Or Decrease The Incisors� Proclination Of The Maxillary Incisors.

Tarek Salah Hashim Ali, Nora Cheta And Mahmoud EL Far,

ABSTRACT
In-vivo Study Was Carried Out To Evaluate The Amount Of The Linear Dimensional Changes Of Maxillary Complete Denture Fabricated By Using Digital Light Projection (DLP) 3D Printing Method And Conventional Compression Flask Method. Eighteen Completely Edentulous Patients Were Included In The Study. For Each Patient, The Maxillary Master Cast Was Used To Fabricate Duplicate. The Obtained Duplicates Were Used To Fix Three Cover Screws At The Following Positions; A: The Incisive Papilla, B: The Right Second Molar Area, C: The Left Second Molar. Patients Were Divided Into Two Equal Groups Of Nine Participants, Group (1) The Conventionally Processed Complete Denture And Group (2) The Digital Light Projection (DLP) 3D Printed Complete Denture. The Dimensional Changes Were Measured Using Digital Caliper With Accuracy Of 0.02mm. Dimensional Changes Occurred In Both Types Of Complete Dentures Bases. Digital Light Projection (DLP) 3D Printed Complete Dentures Showed More Dimensional Stability Than The Conventional Compression Flask Complete Dentures With No Statistical Significance.

Nesma Nabil Mahrous, Dina Soliman Khater And Nermin Raouf .,

ABSTRACT
Background: Ameloblastoma (AB) And Keratocystic Odontogenic Tumor (KCOT) Are Benign Locally Invasive Epithelial Odontogenic Neoplasms With High Recurrence Rate. Furthermore, Ameloblastic Carcinoma (ABC) Is The Malignant Variant Of Ameloblastoma With An Aggressive Behavior As Well As Poor Prognosis And High Recurrence Rate. Aim Of This Study Was To Evaluate The Immunohistochemichal Expression Of Ezrin Antibody In These Epithelial Odontogenic Tumors Aggressive Behavior.

Materials and Methods: Immunostaining For Mouse Monoclonal Anti-human Ezrin Antibody Was Performed On 2 Tooth Germ (was Used As A Control), 15 AB, 10 ABC And 14 KCOT Archival Blocks.

Results: The Statistical Analysis Revealed The Highest Mean Area Of Ezrin Immunoexpression In ABC, While The Lowest Mean Value Was Recorded In Tooth Germs. It Also Revealed That The Difference Between All Studied Caeses Was Extremely Significant. Conclusion: The Positive Cytoplasmic Immunoexpression Of Ezrin In AB, ABC, And KCOT Indicates That It It Could Be A Valuable Tool In Detecting Their Biological Behavior, Invasiveness And Progression.

Esraa Abdel Ghaffar Ahmed, Mohamed Adel Ezzat Khairy And Maha Abdel Salam El-Baz .,

ABSTRACT
Objective: The Study Was Conducted To Evaluate The Effect Of 8% Arginine Based Toothpaste In Comparison To 8% Strontium Acetate Based Toothpaste On Dentine Hypersensitivity Reduction.

Materials and Methods: This Was A Randomized, Triple-blind, Placebo Controlled Study. Fifty One Subjects With A Confirmed Diagnosis Of�dentin Hypersensitivity�were Randomized To One Of Three Treatments: �Arginine Based Toothpaste (Colgate Pro-relief), Strontium Acetate Based Toothpaste (Sensodyne Rapid Action), Or Placebo. A Standard Test Stimulus Was Calibrated Short Blast Of Air Syringe, Applied To Sensitive Dentin�surfaces. Subjects Recorded The Intensity Of�sensitivity�in Response To Stimulus On A Visual Analog Scale At Baseline, And After 1 Week, 2 Weeks And 3 Months.

Results: All Study Treatments Showed Statistically Significant Reductions From Baseline In DH Pain At All Time Points Where (p<0.001). 8% Arginine Based Toothpaste (Colgate Pro-relief) Was Statistically And Clinically Significant Higher When Compared With 8% Strontium Acetate Based Toothpaste (Sensodyne Rapid Action). These Products Were Shown To Be Significantly Superior To The Placebo At All Time Intervals. Hence, The Hypothesis Was Accepted. Conclusion: 8% Arginine Based Toothpaste And 8% Strontium Acetate Based Toothpaste Are Considered A Promising Agents That Can Be Used To Reduce Pain Associated With Hypersensitivity. It Has Been Shown That There Is Considerable Reduction Clinically And Statistically Significant In Dentinal Hypersensitivity In The Participants Under The 8% Arginine Based Toothpaste Group When Compared With The 8% Strontium Acetate Based Toothpaste.

Mohamed Ali Attia, Mohammed Atef And Maha Hakam,

ABSTRACT
Background: Several Grafting Materials Have Been Proposed For Sinus Augmentation Including Autogenous Graft, Allograft, Xenograft, Synthetic Biomaterials And Recently Platelets Concentrates.

Purpose: Evaluating Effect Of Injectable Platelet Rich Fibrin (I-PRF) Mixed To Deproteinized Bovine Bone (DBB) (sticky Bone) In Sinus Augmentation In Comparison With A Solely DBB Regarding Amount Of Bone Height Gained, Bone Density And Implant Stability.

Materials and Methods: 19 Patients With 20 Pneumatized Sinus 3:6 Mm Residual Alveolar Ridge Height Underwent Single Stage Sinus Lift. 10 Sinuses Were Grafted With DBB In Control Group While Sticky Bone Was Used In 10 Sinuses As A Test Group. CBCT Were Taken Immediately And 6 Months Postoperative. Osstell Readings Were Taken After Insertion And During Implant Exposure.

Results: After 6 Months, Mean Bone Height Gain Of DBB Group Was 8.46� 1.87 Compared To 8.43�2.67 In Sticky Bone Group. This Was Statistically Non-significant. Mean Bone Density Value Was 408.4�66.7 In DBB Group Compared To 547.8�158 In Sticky Bone Group. This Was Statistically Significant. For Stability, Mean ISQ Value Was 74.7�7.2 In DBB Group And 74.7�6.4 In Sticky Bone Group. This Was Statistically Non-significant. Conclusion: Regardless Limitations Of This Study, Results Indicate No Advantages For Sticky Bone Over DBB On Amount Of Bone Generated Or Implant Stability. However, Sticky Bone May Enhance Quality Of Regenerated Bone Inside The Sinus.

Mohamed M. Sabry; Mohamed Riad Farid And Rasha Ra�fat Abdel Aziz .,

ABSTRACT


Aim: To Assess The Reliability Of The Fluorescence Camera Or Caries Detection Dye Versus Visual Tactile Method In Caries Excavation Using Bacteriological Assessment Method.

Materials and Methods: 60 Carious Lesions In 20 Paticipant (3 In Each Paticipant) Was Chosen In This Study. In Each Participant, There Had Been 3 Carious Lesions ; The Excavation End Point Of One Cavity Was Determined Using Visual Tactile Method. The Two Other Cavities Were Inspected Using The Fluorescent Camera And Caries Detector Dye (CDD) To Determine The Excavation Endpoint Respectively. Dentine Samples From The Three Cavities Were Collected Before And After Caries Excavation For The Bacteriological Assessment.

Results: The Visual Tactile Method Showed Lowest Reduction In The Bacterial Count Followed By Caries Detector Dye Followed By The Highest Reduction For Fluorescent Camera With A Statistically Significant Difference Between Each Other�s. Conclusion: The Light Induced Fluorescent Intraoral Camera Is More Effective In Removing Infected Dentin And In Reaching The Excavation Endpoint.

Yomna Saadi, Farid Medhat And Nashwa Salah .,

ABSTRACT

Objectives: The Purpose Of This Study Was To Evaluate The Presence Or Absence Of The Second Mesiobuccal Canal Of Permanent Maxillary First And Second Molars In An Egyptian Population Using Cone-beam Computed Tomography Scanning. Methods: The Study Was A Cross Sectional Retrospective Study Performed On 198 Maxillary First And Second Permanent Molars From 60 CBCT Scans Belonging To Egyptian Individuals. Radiographic Examination Was Done Using Cranex 3DX � SOREDEX, Finland With Image Capture Parameters Set At�FOV Of 8 X 6 Cm, 90 KV, 10 MA And An Exposure Time Of 6 Seconds. The Voxel Size Was 0.2 Mm.

Results: A Total Of 198 CBCT Images Of Maxillary First (n?=?102) And Second Molars (n?=?96) From 60 Patients Were Analyzed. Frequency And Percentage Of The Presence Of 2nd Mesiobuccal Canal In The Whole Sample (198 Molars Of Both Females & Males) Was Interpreted By Three Oral Radiologists Independently Twice. The Results Showed That The Inter-rater Reliability For The Maxillary First Molars Was High (? = 0.8280), I.e. That The Three Observers Strongly Agree And For The Second Maxillary Molars Was Good (? = 0.7862), I.e. That The Three Observers Agree. The Results Also Showed For Observer 1, 2 &3 Highly Statistically Significant Intra-rater Reliability (P= <.0001). Conclusion: Within The Limitations Of This Study, It Can Be Concluded That The Prevalence Of The Second Mesiobuccal Canal In Maxillary First And Second Molars Is 43.4% In The Studied Patients Of Egyptian Population.

Ashraf Mohamed Desokey, Ahmed Gamal Ahmed And Emad Mohamed Tolba Agamy,

ABSTRACT
Objective: The Aim Of This In Vitro Study Is To Evaluate Strain Induced By Different Prosthetic Options Using Single Posterior Implant With Two Splinted Natural Abutments In Lower Unilateral Distal Extension Base Removable Partial Denture (Kennedy Class II).

Materials and Methods: In This Study An Epoxy Resin Model Was Used To Simulate A Class II Kennedy Edentulous Situation With Missing All Molars. The First And Second Premolars Were Splinted As The Main Abutments And An Implant Was Placed At The Site Of The Second Molar As The Distal One. Three Different Prosthetic Designs Were Constructed As Follows: -Group I: (cross Arch Stabilization Partial Overdenture). _ Group II: (side Plate Partial Overdenture). _ Group III: (fixed Partial Denture ( Load Application A Unilateral Ascending Load (25, 50, 75,100 N) Was Frequently Applied To The Selected Points Of The Abutments Over An Epoxy Resin Bite Block With The Loading Tip Of The Device In Axial And Non-axial Directions. Strain Gauges Were Cemented At The Following Areas (buccal And Lingual) To The Abutments And The Implant. (1) The Strain Meter Measure The Strain Every 25 N And Record It In Computer. (2) Five Minutes Were Left Between Each Loading As Period Of Rest To Allow For Heat Dissipation. (3) Every Load Was Applied 5 Times For Each Design And For Each Load Increment.

Results: The Total Stresses Recorded On Both The Implant And The Abutment Teeth In The Three Groups Showed That The Fixed Design Produced The Least Stresses Followed By Cross Arch Design And Maximum Stresses Were Rec Orded In Side Plate Design. The Maximum Micro Strain Range Recorded Under Axial Loading Was 283.662 Micro Strain Units, While Under Oblique Loading It Was 591.07 Micro Strain Units. No Failure Occurred In Any Part Of The Model. All Maximum Stresses Were Just A Fraction Of The Functional Loading Within The Biological Range (1). Conclusion And Clinical Significance: Within The Limitation Of The Current Study It May Be Conducted That The Use Of The Fixed Tooth- Implant Supported Partial Dentures Produced The Least Strain Among The Tested Designs, So It May Be Recommended In These Cases.

Nancy Sayed Abdel Aziz , Hesham Elansary And Lamia Kherialla,

ABSTRACT


Purpose: The Purpose Of This In Vitro Study Was To Evaluate The Marginal Accuracy And Internal Fit Of Zirconia Monolithic Crowns And Compare It To PEEK Monolithic Crowns, Milled By CAD/CAM. Methods: One Master Stainless Steel Die Resembling A Lower Second Molar Was Fabricated And Duplicated Using One-step Dual Viscosity Impression Technique. Twenty-two Auto Polymerizing Epoxy Replica Dies Were Digitized Using Extra-oral Optical Scanner, And Crowns Were Milled From PEEK And Zirconia Blanks. Internal Gap And Marginal Accuracy Measurements Were Recorded Using Silicone Replica Technique And Digital Microscope Respectively.

Results: For Internal Fit Results, It Was Found That Zirconia Group Recorded Statistically Non-significant Higher Internal Gap Mean Value Than PEEK Group As Indicated By Two-way ANOVA Test (P=0.> 0.05). For Marginal Accuracy Results, It Was Found That PEEK Group Recorded Statistically Significant Higher Marginal Gap Mean Value Than Zirconia Group As Indicated By Unpaired T-test (P=0.0206< 0.05). Conclusion: Both Materials Showed Marginal Accuracy And Internal Gap Values Within The Clinically Acceptable Values. However, PEEK Crowns Showed Superior Internal Fit And Inferior Marginal Accuracy To Zirconia Crowns.

Ahmed Mohamed Samy, Moustafa Ezz, Mohamed El Serougy And Ramy El Beialy .,

ABSTRACT
Objective: The Aim Of This Study Was To Evaluate The Stability And Measuring Marginal Bone Loss In Early Loading Of Single Dental Implants In The Mandibular Posterior Area. Patients And Methods: The Study Sample Consisted Of 20 Patients Who Were Enrolled From Outpatients Clinic At The Department Of Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty Of Oral And Dental Medicine, Cairo University

Results: This Study Was Conducted To Evaluate The Stability And Measure The Marginal Bone Loss In Early Loading Of Single Dental Implants In The Mandibular Posterior Area. A Total Of 20 Patients With Age Range 21-51 Years, 8 Males And 12 Females Participated In The Study. Conclusion: 1-The Implant Stability Increases After Early Loading Which Increases The Rate Of Success. 2-The Rate Of Marginal Bone Loss After Early Loading Is Adequate For The Success Of The Dental Implant.

Nadhel A. Mohamed , Heba Salah El-Dein Hamza And Mai Mamdouh El-Sayed,

ABSTRACT


Aim: To Assess The Antimicrobial Effect Of Aqueous Extract Of Cinnamon 20% And Ginger 20% In Comparison Chlorhexidine 0.2% On Oral Streptococcus Mutans.

Materials and Methods: Twenty One Participants Selected For The Study, Were Divided Into Three Groups (N=7), Where Group (R1); Cinnamon 20%, Group (R2), Ginger 20% And Group (R3), Chlorhexidine Gluconate 0.2 % Mouth Rinse. Each Volunteer Was Given A Piece Of Arabic Gum And Asked To Chew It For One Minute Only, Then Stimulated Saliva Was Collected In Sterilized Screw Capped Bottles. After One Minute, Each Volunteer Was Asked To Rinse With Ten Ml Of The Tested Agent For One Minute Then Expectorate. Stimulated Saliva Was Recollected In The Following Points: After 30 Minute, 1 Hour And 2 Hours. Salivary Samples Were Homogenized By Vortex. 0.1 Ml Of Saliva Transferred To 0.9 Ml Of Sterile Phosphate Buffer Saline (pH 7.0), And Then Ten-fold Dilution Was Performed. From Dilution 10-3 Of Salivary Samples 0.1 Was Taken And Spread In Duplicate On The Mitis Salivarius Bacitracin Agar Media. The Plates Were Incubated Anaerobically For 48 Hours At 37�C Then Aerobically For 24 Hours At Room Temperature. The Number Of Colonies Was Expressed As Colony�forming Units Multiplied By The Dilution Factor Per Milliliter Of Saliva (CFU/ml) And Compared Before And After Rinsing.

Results: Chlorhexidine Demonstrated The Highest Efficacy Than The Other The Two Herbal Plants In Bacterial Reductions But This Was Only Statistically Significant When Comparing The Effect Of Chlorhexidine 0.2% To Ginger 20% Cinnamon 20% Performed Better Than Ginger 20% But The Mean Difference Was Not Statistically Significant. Conclusion: Although The Herbal Extracts Were Less Potent Than Chlorhexidine, Still They Were Relatively Effective In Inhibiting The Growth Of Oral Bacteria. Cinnamon 20% Has More Antibacterial Activity On The Growth Of Streptococcus Mutans Than Ginger 20%.

Ahmed Gamal Khater Ali, Mohamed Galal Gamal Eldin Beheiri, Mostafa Ibrahim Shindy And Samer Abduljabar Noman,

ABSTRACT
Objective: The Purpose Of This Study Is To Evaluate The Clinical And Radiographic Outcomes Of Socket Shield Technique Compared With Conventional Immediate Implant Placement. Patients And Methods: Patients With Remaining Roots In The Esthetic Zone With Intact Periodontal Condition Indicated For Extraction Were Randomly Allocated To One Of Two Study Arms With 1:1 Allocation Ratio By Using Computerized Sequence Generation: The �intervention� Group Whom We Placed Implant With Socket Shield Technique Or The Control Group Whom We Placed Implant By Conventional Immediate Implant Technique

Results: The Maximum Period Of Treatment Will Be Fixed At Nine Months. The Patient Will Be Examined Preoperative And Immediate Postoperative Then Nine Months During The Study Period. Conclusion: From Our Point Of View Socket Shield Technique (SST) Was Considered As One Of Successful Techniques In Preservation Of Alveolar Bone Integrity Specially In Terms Of Minimal Or No Alveolar Bone Loss Which Is Recommended Specially In The Esthetic Zone

Mohamed Seleem Elabd, Magdy Mohamed Ali, Mohamed Medhat Katia, Sherif Farouk Elgayar And Elham A. Hassan,

ABSTRACT
Objective: To Evaluates Histologically Apical Closure Of Autogenously Transplanted Immature Permanent Dog Teeth Treated With 3 Different Revascularization Protocols. Study Design: Sixty Single-rooted Maxillary Incisor Teeth From Ten Healthy Mongrel Dogs Aged 5 Months Were Randomly Divided Into 3 Experimental Groups Of 20 Teeth Each. Group I: Autotransplantation Without Regenerative Endodontic Procedures. Group II: Autotransplantation With Regenerative Endodontic Group III: Autotransplantation After Removing Pulp Tissue From The Apical Side With Regenerative Endodontic. The Animals Were Sacrificed, Histologic Sections Were Prepared And Three Groups Were Evaluated For Apical Closure.

Results: 37.9% Of Teeth Showed Histological Apical Closure, With Significant Differences Between The Three Groups (p=0.008). Group I Showed The Maximal Percentage (66.7 %) Group II The Minimum (20%). When The Experimental Groups Were Compared, There Were Significant Differences Between Groups I And II (p = 0.004), And Groups I And III (p =0.024). While With Group II And III; No Statistical Significant Difference Was Found (p=0.465). Conclusion: These Results Suggest That Autotransplantation Procedures Better Done Without Removal Of The Original Pulp Tissue Or Further Regenerative Endodontic Procedures.

Mirhan Mohamed Khader, Hala Kamal Abdel Gaber And Ahmed Elsayed Hamed Amr,

ABSTRACT


Aim: The Assessment Of Relationship Between Peri-implant Sulcular Fluid (PISF) Cytokines Level (IL-1? &TNF-?) And The Condition Of Peri-implant Tissue In Obese Patients (primary Objective). The Clinical And Radiographic Evaluation Of The Impact Of Obesity On Peri-implant Tissues (secondary Objective).. Subjects And Methods: Twenty Patients Were Included In The Study For Placement Of A Delayed Implant In Lower Molar Area. They Were Divided Into Two Groups, Ten Obese Patients And Ten Normal Weight Patients. TNF-? And IL-1? Were Measured Using ELISA Kits, While Bone Level Measurement Using Cone Beam CT And Clinical Parameters Were Also Assessed.

Results: Regarding Clinical Findings (bleeding Index, Plaque Index, Probing Depth) In Both Groups, In Case Of Intragroup Comparison Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test Was Used And It Revealed No Significance Difference And, In Case Of Intergroup Comparison A Mann Whitney U Test Was Used And It Also Revealed No Significant Difference. Regarding Peri-implant Crestal Bone Changes, The Percent Of Change Throughout The Study In The Obese Group Recorded A Median Of 0.4, While Non-obese Group Recorded A Median Of -0.52. Mann Whitney U Test Revealed That The Difference Between The 2 Groups Was Not Statistically Significant. Regarding Tumor Necrosis Factor, In The First And Second Assessment Independent T Test Revealed That The Difference Between Obese And Non-obese Was Not Statistically Significant. The Percent Change Of TNF-? Values Throughout The Study In The Obese Group Recorded A Median Of -22.61%, While Non-obese Group Recorded A Median Of -32.43%. Mann Whitney U Test Revealed That The Difference Between The 2 Groups Was Not Statistically Significant. Regarding Interleukin 1-?, In The First And Second Assessment Independent T Test Revealed That The Difference Between Obese And Non-obese Was Not Statistically Significant. Conclusion Within The Limitations Of Our Study We Can Conclude That: 1. Obesity Can Exert No Effect On Peri-implant Tissue Status In The Absence Of Dental Plaque. 2. Obesity Can Lead To Slight Elevation In Inflammatory Markers (TNF-? And IL-1?) In Peri-implant Sulcular Fluid Which May Be To A Subclinical Level That Have No Effect On Clinical Parameters Of Gingival Inflammation As Long As Plaque Control Is Applied.

Fawzy M, Deraz S, Farag A And Alhadainy H,

ABSTRACT
Aim. The Aim Of Present Study Was To Investigate Pulp-dentin Complex Reactions Following Direct Pulp Capping (DPC) With Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA), Silver Diamine Fluoride (SDF) And Simvastatin. Materials And Methods. Thirty-two Goat Incisors Were Randomly Allocated Into Four Groups. Group ? Was Directly Capped With MTA, The Dental Pulp In Group ?? Was Directly Capped With SDF, While The Group III Capped With Simvastatin And Group IV Was Control Group Of Unprepared Teeth. All Teeth Were Restored With Glass Ionomer Filling. After 3 Months, Goats Were Sacrificed And Teeth Were Extracted Then Processed For Histological Examination And Categorized In Terms Of Hard Tissue Formation And Pulp Inflammation. Results. Teeth In Group I And III Had Statistically Favorable Outcomes In Hard Tissue Formation And Pulp Inflammation (P?0.001). Teeth In Group II Showed Significantly Lower Rates Of Hard Tissue Formation And Higher Rates Of Pulp Inflammation And Necrosis Compared To Other Groups Conclusion. For Capping Pulp Exposure, Healing With Hard Tissue Formation And No Inflammation Occurs Following MTA And Simvastatin Treatment In A Higher Rate Than SDF.

Ahmed A. Elsayyad, Nadia Abbas And Nouran AbdelNabi,

ABSTRACT
This Review Was Conducted To Evaluate 2 Prosthetic Designs: �All On Three� And �All On Four� For The Restoration Of Edentulous Mandibles. �All On Three� Simplifies The Treatment Plan, Reduces Surgical Procedures And Cost When Compared To The �All On Four�. Further Clinical Trials Are Required To Investigate Whether The �All On Three� Is Comparable To The �All On Four�.

Hossam Atef Abd El-Samad And Cherif A. Mohsen,

ABSTRACT

Objectives: This Study Was Carried Out To Evaluate The Dimensional Accuracy Of Conventional Bite Registration Material And CAD/CAM Bite Registration Material In Patients With A Single Missing Tooth. Methods: Twenty Patients With One Missing Tooth (who Needed A Fixed Partial Denture) Were Selected And Included In The Present Study. A Full Veneered Preparation Was Done. The Patient Bit On Bite Registration Material In Centric And Eccentric Movement. A Wire �3 Cm In Length �was Bonded With Composite On Opposing Tooth To The Preparation. The Length Of Wire Impression On Bite Registration Material Was Measured And After 24 Hours To Evaluate The Possible Effect With Time Factor.

Results: The Effect Of Duration On The Dimensional Accuracy Of Bite Registration Materials At Vertical Centric And Eccentric Occlusion Was Statistical Significant Between Immediate And Later Who Recorded Higher Values With Both Types Of Bite Registration Materials Tested. Also A Statistical Significant Differences Between The Two Types Of Occlusion Irrespective To The Duration, Type Of Restorations And Types Bite Registration Materials, As Eccentric Occlusion Recorded Higher Values.

Conclusions: Futar D And Futar Scan Bite Registration Materials Provided Accurate Records With No Differences Between Them. Dimensional Accuracy Was Influenced By Time Factor Of The Recording Materials.

Noran Mohammad Mostafa Elsharkawi, Hisham Katamish And Tarek Salah Morsi,

ABSTRACT


Purpose: To Evaluate The Micro-tensile Bond Strength Of The New Activa Bioactive Cement With E-max And Cerasmart In Comparison To The Conventional Resin Cement Before And After Thermocycling. Methodology: Two Plates Were Cut From Each Ceramic Block Material (3 Mm Thickness) Using Isomet Saw: (LDS E.max), And (hybrid Cerasmart). Surface Treatment Of The Ceramic Specimens Was Done According To The Manufacturer�s Instructions. Application Of Resin And Bioactive Cements To Each Ceramic Block Was Done And Then Cured. Bonded Specimens Were Sectioned Into Micro-bars To Obtain 80 Samples, 40 Samples For Each Ceramic Block (group I & Group II). Each Group Was Subdivided Into Two Subgroups According To Cement Type (subgroup1 & Subgroup 2). Each Subgroup Was Further Subdivided Into Two Divisions 10 Samples Each For The Thermocycling (division A & Division B). Thermocycling Was Done In Water For 5000 Cycles Between 5 And 55 �C. All Samples Were Subjected To Micro-Tensile Bond Strength (�TBS) Test Using Universal Testing Machine. Data Were Analyzed Using Three-way ANOVA To Study The Effect Of Ceramic, Cement, Thermocycling And Their Interaction On Mean Micro �TBS (P ? 0.05).

Results: Regarding The Effect Of Ceramic Type, Either With Activa Or Resin Cements, Before Or After Thermocycling; Cerasmart Had Statistically Significantly Higher Values Of Mean ?TBS Than E.max. Regarding The Effect Of Cement Type; After Thermocycling, Either With Cerasmart Or E.max; There Was No Statistically Significant Difference Between The ?TBS Values Of The Two Cements. Regarding The Effect Of Thermocycling, Results Showed That Thermocycling Significantly Decreased The Mean ?TBS Of Both Ceramic Materials When Using Either Activa Or RelyX Ultimate Resin Cements.

Conclusions: Within The Limitations Of This Study, It Was Concluded That For Both Tested Cements, Thermocycling Affected Negatively The Micro-tensile Bond Strength (?TBS).

Osama S. Gad El-Hak And Nagwa M. Khattab,

ABSTRACT
Objective: The Current Study Evaluates The Reciprocal WaveOne Gold Single-file System Regarding Clinical And Radiographic Success Rates In Pulpectomy Of Primary Molars. Methods. This Double Blind Randomized Clinical Trial Was Carried Out On 70 Primary Molars On 60 Children In The Age Group From 4 To 7 Years. The Teeth Selected For This Study Were Randomly Assigned Into 2 Groups According To The Used Endodontic Preparation System. Group I: 35 Primary Molars Were Instrumented With WaveOne Gold Reciprocating Single-file System. Group II: 35 Primary Molars Were Instrumented With Stainless Steel K-files. All Teeth Were Evaluated Clinically And Radigraphically For 12 Months With Periodic Recall At 3, 6, 12 Months. Results. WaveOne Gold Single-file System Exhibited Higher Overall Success Rate Over Manual Instrumentation, However, The Difference Between Groups Was Not Statistically Significant (P >0.05). Conclusion. Single-file Systems Are Promising Instruments That Have The Power To Be An Alternative For Manual Instrumentation In Primary Molar Pulpectomies.

Yasmine El Makawi And Nagwa Khattab,

ABSTRACT


Purpose: The Aim Of This Study Was To Evaluate The Effect Of Lithium Disilicate Endocrowns Compared To Prefabricated Zirconia Crown Used For Restoring Pulpotomized Primary Molars, On Their Fracture Resistance And To Compare The Loads To Failure These Different Ceramic Restorations With Previously Reported Posterior Occlusal Forces.

Materials and Methods: Twenty Mandibular Left Second Primary Molars Were Randomly Distributed Into Two Groups (n = 10 In Each Group) The Zirconia Crown (Nusmile Zr.) Group (G1) And The Lithium Disilicate (IPS E.max Press) Endocrown Group (G2). In All Groups Pulpotomy Procedure Was Done Before Preparation Then Each Sample Were Prepared Based On Their Allocated Restoration, Both Zirconia Crown (Nusmile Zr.) And Endocrown (IPS E.max Press) Were Cemented By Dual-cure Resin Cement. All Samples Were Loaded To Failure By Means Of A Universal Testing Machine (Instron, USA), And Compressive Force Was Applied. The Data Were Analyzed Using One-way (ANOVA) And Tukey�s Post Hoc Significance Difference Tests. Differences Were Considered Significant At (p< 0.05).

Results: Group Zirconia Crown (G1) Showed Significantly Higher Fracture Strength Than Group (G2) Lithium Disilicate Endocrown (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The Zirconia Crown Showed Higher Fracture Resistance Than Lithium Disilicate Endocrown. However, Both Tested Zirconia Crown And Lithium Disilicate Endocrown Withstood The Application Of Axial Occlusal Forces Greater Than The Reference Values For Posterior Occlusal Loads.

Aya Mohamed Adly , Shereen Hafez Ibrahim And Amira Farid El-Zoghby,

ABSTRACT

Objectives: To Compare The Reliability Of A Light Induced Fluorescence Intraoral Camera Versus Those Of The Visual-tactile Assessment Method According To FDI Criteria In Clinical Evaluation Of The Margins Of Resin Composite Restorations.

Materials and Methods: A Total Of 29 Volunteer Patients Having At Least One Or Two (anterior/posterior) Resin Composite Restorations Were Assigned In The Study With Total 40 Restorations Where Each Restoration�s Margins Was Examined By Three Calibrated Examiners With Different Levels Of Experience Using Two Diagnostic Methods, Visual-tactile Assessment Method (FDI Criteria) (D1) And Light Induced Fluorescence Intraoral Camera (D2). The Assessed Restorations Were Categorized According To Its Location As Anterior Or Posterior Restorations And Each Of Which Were Categorized As Recently Placed (less Than 1 Month) Or Old (more Than 1 Year). Each Diagnostic Method Was Repeated Three Times, Immediate, After 20 Minutes And After One Week Interval To Calculate Intra-examiner Repeatability And Inter-examiner Reproducibility Using Fleiss� Kappa Statistics.

Results: Regarding Intra-examiner Repeatability, Fleiss� Kappa Results Between Different Readings Of Each Examiner In Visual-tactile Method Using FDI Criteria Ranged Between (0.8968 � 0.9886), While For Light Induced Fluorescence Intraoral Camera, It Ranged Between (0.9344 � 1.000). Regarding Inter-examiner Reproducibility, Fleiss� Kappa Results Between The Three Examiners In Visual-tactile Method Using FDI Criteria Ranged Between (0.8032 � 0.9253), While For Light Induced Fluorescence Camera, It Was (1.000). Conclusion: Both Light-induced Fluorescence Camera And Visual-tactile Assessment Method According To FDI Criteria Are Reliable Methods Having Comparable Perfect Agreement Regarding Intra-examiner Repeatability And Inter-examiner Reproducibility In Clinical Evaluation Of Margins Of Resin Composite Restorations.

Donia M. El-Shafey, Mona Fadel Mohamed, Maha El-Baz And Mohamed Adel Ezzat,

ABSTRACT

Objectives: The Aim Of This Clinical Study Was To Evaluate The Marginal Integrity Of Hydroxyapatite Nanofiber Reinforced Flowable Composite (NovaPro� Flow) Compared To A Conventional Resin-based Flowable Composite (Filtek� Z350 XT) During Management Of Initial Carious Lesion In Adult Population Over A One Year Period.

Materials and Methods: A Total Of 26 Volunteer Patients Who Fulfilled The Inclusion Criteria Were Selected To Participate In The Study, With Non-cavitated Initial Occlusal Carious Lesion Were Selected For This Randomized Split-mouth Clinical Trial. A Total Of 52 Sealants Were Placed, In Which Each Patient Had The Two Types Of Flowable Composite; NovaPro� Flow (R1) Was Placed In One Side While Filtek� Z350 XT (R2) Was Placed On The Contralateral Side. Each Sealant Was Independently Evaluated In Terms Of Marginal Integrity After One Week, And Twelve Months Using FDI Criteria With FDI Prob.

Results: After One Week, Both Sealants (R1) And (R2) Had A Score Of (1) (100%). Any Other Score (2, 3, 4, Or 5) Wasn`t Detected At The First Follow Up Interval (0%). After One Year, Score (1) Decreased To (73.1%) In (R1) While (R2) Decreased To (57.7%), Both Sealants Showed Equal Percentage Of Score (2) (19.2%) While Score (3) Was Higher In (R2) (11.5%) Than (R1) (7.7%), And Score (5) Was Only Detected In (R2) (11.5%), But There Was No Significant Difference In The FDI Grading In Both Sealants During Both Follow-up Intervals (P>0.05). Conclusion: Although The Clinical Performance Of Hydroxyapatite Nanofiber Reinforced Flowable Resin Composite Was Better For Marginal Integrity Compared To The Conventional Nanofill Flowable Resin Composite After One Year Of Follow Up, This Difference Was Not Statistically Significant.

Omar Aboel Abbas; Norhan El Dokky And Hany Saber,

ABSTRACT


Aim: To Evaluate Intraoperative Pain Experienced During Pulpal Treatment Of Mandibular Primary Second Molars After Buccal Infiltration With Articaine 4% In Comparison With Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block Using The Same Anesthetic Solution. Subjects And Methods: The Study Consisted Of 22 Patients In The Age Group Of 6-7 Years Old Suffering From Bilaterally Deep Carious Mandibular Primary Second Molars Who Attended The Diagnostic Center Of The Pediatric Dentistry And Dental Public Health Department Faculty Of Dentistry, Cairo University. Medical, Clinical And Radiographic Assessment Were Performed To Confirm The Restorability Of The Mandibular Primary Second Molars. In This Split Mouth Randomized Control Trial Each Participant Was Asked To Pick An Opaque And Sealed Envelope From Two Separate Black And Opaque Boxes To Randomly Choose The Operated Technique And Side On The First Operating Vist. The Other Technique Will Be Implemented On The Other Side On The Upcoming Visit. Caries Removal And Pulpal Treatment Were Videotaped With Both Local Anesthetic Techniques. Videos Were Then Assessed By An Assessor Who Was Completely Blinded From The Technique Of Injection To Fill In A Printed (SEM) Pain Scale Sheet For Each Technique With Each Participant.

Results: 10 Male And 12 Female Subjects Representing 45.5% And 54.5% Respectively Were Included In The Study. 90%, 76% And 52% Of The Participants Were Comfortable With The Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block Technique During Treating The Carious Teeth Regarding The Sound, Eye And Motor Parameters Respectively. While 67%, 48% And 38% Of The Participants Were Comfortable With The Buccal Infiltration Technique During Treating The Carious Teeth Regarding The Sound, Eye And Motor Parameters Respectively. Upon Comparing The Results Of Both Techniques It Was Evident That The Difference Between Both Techniques Were Statistically Insignificant. Conclusion: Buccal Infiltration Technique In 6-7 Years Old Participants Can Be Nearly Effective As The Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block Technique For Anesthetizing Lower Second Primary Molars Undergoing Pulpotomies.

Dina M. El Gedawi, Mostafa E. Gheith And Abdelrahman Mh,

ABSTRACT
Objective: The Aim Of This Study Was To Evaluate Morphology, Surface Roughness And Mechanical Properties Of Glass Fiber Posts (GFPs) After Different Surface Treatment Protocols.

Materials and Methods: A Total Of Forty GFPs With Maximum Diameter Were Be Divided Into Four Groups (n=10): GC- No Surface Treatment (control), GSB- Sandblasted, GHF- Hydrofluoric Acid Etched, GE- Er:YAG Laser Irradiated. The GFPs Surface Morphology Was Evaluated Through Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Surface Roughness Was Measured Using Surface Profilometer And The 3-points Bending Flexural Test Measured Flexural Strength And Elastic Modulus.

Results: SEM Showed Alternation Of Post Surfaces After All Surface Treatments. Analysis Of Surface Roughness Demonstrated Significant Difference Between The Tested Groups At P?0.001. GSB (5.5�0.6) Showed The Highest Roughness Followed By GHF (3.9�0.3), GE (3.2�0.2), Then GC (2.1�0.4). The 3 Points Bending Test Results Were Calculated And Recorded Insignificant Difference Between The Tested Groups At P=0.481 For Maximum Flexure Load (N) As For The Flexure Stress At The Maximum Flexure Load (MPa) It Was Shown Significant Difference Between The Tested Groups At P=0.009. GSB (697.1�96.9N) Showed The Highest Flexure Stress (MPa) Compared To GE (548�112.7N) And GHF (572.9�102.6N). Modulus Of Elasticity (GPa) Showed Significant Difference Between The Tested Groups At P=0.003. GSB (28.9�2.9 MPa) Showed The Highest Modulus Of Elasticity (GPa) Compared To GE (23�4.6 MPa) And GHF (23.6�4 MPa). GC Showed Insignificant Difference With All Tested Treatments. Conclusion: The Different Surface Treatments Used In This Study Showed Alternations Of GFPs Surfaces. They Had No Influence On The Mechanical Properties Of GFPs.

Ahmed Mohamed Ali, Siza Yacoub Zakhary And Suzan Abdul Wanis Amin,

ABSTRACT

Objectives: To Systematically Review And Provide A Pooled Effect Estimate For The Clinical Effects Of Calcium Hydroxide Intracanal Medication In Non-vital Mature Teeth. Data Sources: Electronic-databases Searching, For Published And Grey Literature, And Manual Searching Were Conducted. Study Eligibility Criteria: Only Randomized Clinical Trials Were Included That Compared Calcium Hydroxide To Other Intracanal Medications In Non-vital Immature Teeth. Study Appraisal & Synthesis Methods: The Risk Of Bias Was Assessed Using The RoB 2.0 Cochrane Tool. The Main Outcomes Were Clinical Healing And Analgesic Intake. Risk Ratio Was Calculated For Dichotomous Data With Their 95% Confidence Intervals.

Results: Five Articles Reported In 4 Studies (N=285) Were Included In This Systematic Review. Calcium Hydroxide Was Compared To 6 Other Intracanal Medications. Calcium Hydroxide Had Similar Clinical Healing Effectiveness As Calcium Hydroxide Mixed With Iodoform And Povidine Iodine Paper Points (P-value >0.05) And Similar Effects On Analgesic Intake As Calcium Hydroxide Mixed With Chlorhexidine (P-value >0.05). Conclusion: Calcium Hydroxide Intracanal Medication Alone May Have Similar Clinical Effectiveness Compared To Calcium Hydroxide Mixed With Iodoform And Similar Effects On Analgesic Intake As Calcium Hydroxide Mixed With Chlorhexidine.

Neven Ahmed, Amira Farid Elzoghbi And Rasha Raafat Hassan,

ABSTRACT


Aim: This Study Was Conducted To Evaluate The Role Of Aloe Vera Toothpaste Compared To Fluoride Toothpaste In Changing High To Low Salivary Bacterial Count.

Materials and Methods: Participants Were Divided Into Two Main Groups, ,Group A1: With Fluoride Toothpaste (Signal Cavity Fighter) And Group A2: With Aloe Vera Herbal Toothpaste (AloeDent Triple Action). The Study Took Place Over A Period Of 30 Days .Saliva Collection (to Assess The Bacterial Count) Was Performed At Baseline, After15 Days, And After 30 Days. The Saliva Samples Were Cultured In Plates Contained Mitis Salivarius Bacitracin Agar Selective For�streptococcus Mutans For Determining Streptococcus Mutans�count And Kept At 37�C For 48 Hours In An Incubator. The Bacterial Colonies On The Plates Were Expressed As Number Of Colony Forming Units Per Milliliter (CFU/ml) Of Saliva.

Results: The Results Revealed That, In Aloe Vera Group, The Mean Bacterial Count Was The Highest At Baseline, Significantly Decreased After15 Days, Then Becomes Nearly Constant, With No Significant Difference Between The Mean Values After 15 Days And After 30 Days. In Fluoride Group, The Mean Bacterial Count Was Highest At Baseline, And Then Significantly Decreased Gradually After15 Days And After 30 Days. Conclusion: Both Fluoride And Aloe Vera Are Efficient In Decreasing The Streptococcus Mutans Count In Saliva. Aloe Vera Can Be Used As An Alternative For Fluoride Toothpaste

Samar Seif El Nasr Mohamed, Enas Anter Abd El Ghafar And Nashwa Salah Mohamed,

ABSTRACT
Background: This Study Aimed To Evaluate The Frequency Of Root Fenestration And Dehiscence In A Sample Of Adult Egyptian Population Using CBCT.

Materials and Methods: 100 CBCT Scans Showing Both Maxillary And Mandibular Dentation �with Total Number Of 2576 Teeth� Were Selected From The Database Of OMFR Department, Faculty Of Dentistry, Cairo University, Based On Certain Eligibility Criteria. Identification Of Fenestration And Dehiscence On CBCT Scans Was Done Using The Identification Criteria First Mentioned By Davies Et Al 1974.

Results: Fenestration Was Found In 17 % Of The Population With A Total Of 26 Affected Teeth (representing 1% Of The Involved Teeth) While Dehiscence Was Found In 50% Of The Population With A Total Of 194 Affected Teeth (representing 7.5% Of The Involved Teeth). Upper 2nd Molars Showed The Highest Prevalence Of Fenestration While Lower Central Incisors Showed The Highest Prevalence Of Dehiscence. Gender Was Found Not Significantly Affecting The Incidence Of Both Defects, While Age Was Significantly Affecting The Incidence Of Dehiscence, Where Older Subjects Were Found To Be 11.5 Times More Prone To Develop Dehiscence Than Younger Subjects.

Conclusions: The Relative Common Finding (50%) Of Dehiscence And To Lesser Extent (17%) Fenestrations Supports The Need For CBCT Examination Before Any Surgical &/or Implant Treatment Procedures Even In Areas Believed Previously To Be Safe Zones �lower Anterior Region� To Avoid Complications Related To The Initial Presence Of Fenestrations And Dehiscence.

Nada Ashraf Kamal , Farid Medhat Farid And Yara Rabia Helaly,

ABSTRACT

Objectives: The Study Aimed To Assess The Prevalence Of C-shaped Root Morphology In The Mandibular First And Second Molars Of Egyptian Sub Population Using CBCT.

Materials and Methods: 169 CBCT Scans Including 384 Mandibular First And Second Molars Were Examined Using Planmeca Romexis��Viewer Software. Scans Were Analyzed In The Three Planes Axial, Coronal And Sagittal By Two Oral Radiologists Detecting The Presence Of C-shaped Root Morphology. Qualitative Data Were Presented As Frequencies And Percentages. Inter- And Intra-observer Agreement Was Assessed Using Kappa Statistic For Qualitative Data.

Results: C-shaped Root Was Found In 36 Second Molars Comprising 17.1% Of Second Molars, And No C-root Was Found In First Molars. Conclusion: C-shaped Root Is Not Rare In The Mandibular Second Molars Of The Egyptians Needing The Clinicians To Learn How To Manage Such Cases.

Amani Ahmad Al Tuwirqi,

ABSTRACT
Background/Purpose : Prevention And Management Of Proximal Caries In Primary Teeth Remains A Challenge. This In Vitro Study Aimed To Evaluate The Enamel-protective Potential Of A New Adhesive Agent (G-Coat Plus�) When Used As A Smooth Surface Sealant. Materials And Methods : Twenty Extracted Bovine Permanent Incisors Were Chosen, Then Randomly Distributed Into Two Equal Groups According To The Sealant Material Used: Group I, G-Coat Plus�; And Group II, Clinpro�. The Baseline Surface Microhardness (B-SMH) Of Each Tooth Was Measured In The Area Of The Centralized Working Window With A Vickers Microhardness Testing Machine. The Mean Microhardness Values Were Calculated From The Measurements Taken From Three Indentations Created On Each Tooth. The Teeth Were Then Immersed In Demineralizing Solution For 96 H And Incubated At 37�C To Produce Artificial Carious Lesions. The Calcium (Ca) And Phosphorus (P) Concentrations Of The Demineralizing Solutions Were Analyzed Before And After Tooth Immersion.

Results: The Mean Microhardness Values For Groups I And II Were Statistically Significant At Baseline And After Demineralization (p = 0.007 And P < 0.001, Respectively). No Significant Difference In Mean Microhardness Was Observed Between The Groups At Baseline (p = 0.055) Indicating That Both Materials Had Comparable Results. However, The Difference In Mean Microhardness Between The Groups Was Statistically Significant After Demineralization (p = 0.001), Indicating Changes In The Mineralization Of The Tooth Samples. Statistical Analyses Demonstrated Significant Differences Among The Two Groups Regarding The Mean Ca And P Concentration Values (Ca:, P = 0.028; P, P < 0.001). Conclusion: G-Coat Plus Exhibited Higher Surface Microhardness Than Clinpro. Both Sealant Materials Released Ca And P Ions, Suggesting That Additional Preventive Measures Are Necessary When Using These Materials As Proximal Sealants.

Rasha Saad Zaghlool, Mona Ismail Riadand Mohamed Mostafa,

ABSTRACT


Purpose: The Aim Of This Study Was To Evaluate The Fluoride Release Of New Bioactive Composite Restorative Material (Activa) In Comparison To Two Fluoride Releasing Materials In Vitro At Different Time Intervals.

Materials and Methods: Thirty Specimens Were Prepared 10 Of Each Tested Material (n = 10/group), Activa Bioactive Composite (A1), FUJI II LC Capsules (A2) And Fuji IX Extra Capsules (A3). Specimens Were Prepared According To Manufacturers� Specifications For Each Group Using A Teflon Mold (10mm Diameter By 2mm Depth). Specimens Of Each Material Were Immersed Separately In Deionized Water. Fluoride Release Measurements (?g/cm /day) Were Made1 Day, 1 Week, 1 Month, 2 Months And3 Months. One-way And Repeated Measures Analysis Of Variance Tests Were Used.

Results: The Results Of The Tested Materials Were Collected, Statistically Analyzed Using The ANOVA Test To Determine The Amount Of Fluoride Release Between Different Tested Materials (p<0.001).The Results Indicate That Fuji IX Had The Highest Fluoride Release In Comparison To The Other Activa Bioactive Materials And Fuji II LC Conclusion: All Three Different Restorative Materials Released Fluoride In Deionized Water But Fuji IX Glass-ionomer Showed The Highest Fluoride Release Followed By Fuji II LC And Activa Bioactive Restorative Materials.

Abdelrahman G. Ahmed , Cherif A. Mohsen And Shams W. Amgad,

ABSTRACT
Objective The Purpose Of This Study Was To Evaluate The Effect Of Ceramic Type And Thickness On The Microhardness And Degree Of Polymerization Of Dual Cure Resin Cement.

Materials and Methods: - Ninety Resin Cement Disc Shaped Samples (5 Mm In Diameter And 0.5 Mm In Thickness) Were Fabricated, Samples Were Divided According To Type Of Ceramic Plate That Was Used Into Three Groups (each Group N = 30), Group I : Resin Cement Discs Cured Through Lithium Disilicate Plate. �IPS E.max Cad�, Group II : Resin Cement Discs Cured Through Hybrid Ceramic Plate �Vita Enamic� And Group III : Resin Cement Discs Cured Through Zirconia Reinforced Lithium Silicate Plate �Celtra Duo� . Each Group Was Subdivided Into 3 Sub Groups According To Ceramic Plate Thickness (each Subgroup N = 10), Sub Group I (0.5 Mm Thickness), Sub Group II (1 Mm Thickness) And Sub Group III (2 Mm Thickness) . Then Each Subgroup Was Divided Into Two Other Classes (5 Samples Each) According To Type Of Test (Microhardness, Degree Of Conversion (DC)) Test.samples Which Will Have Being Tested For Microhardness ,mounted In Wilson Micro-Hardness Tester Machine And Will Be Subjected To Static Load Of 50 G For 10 S By Means Of Indenter , A Calibrated Microscope (�50 Magnification) Will Be Used To Measure The Square Indentation. While For Degree Of Conversion Test, The Samples Were Examined By VERTEX 70v FTIR Spectrometer Equipment Operating At 16 Scans At 4cm-1 Resolution . By Using The Change In The Ratio Of The Aliphatic C=C To The Aromatic C=C Before And After Curing, DC Of Resin Was Calculated. The Data Was Collected, Tabulated And Statistically Analyzed. Result: It Was Found That The The Highest Microhardness Mean Value Was Recorded For Emax Groups (22.15�5.04) While The Lowest Microhardness Mean Value Was Recorded For Celtra Duo Groups Which Recorded (16.79�3.62). Besides, It Was Found That The Highest Microhardness Mean Value Was Recorded For Thickness 0.5 Mm Groups (23.62�2.94) While The Lowest Microhardness Mean Value Was Recorded For 2 Mm Groups Which Recorded (13.87�1.56). The Difference Between Groups Was Statistically Significant As Indicated By One Way ANOVA Test P Value < 0.05. For DC Test It Was Found That The Highest (DC) Mean Values Recorded For E-max (36.30�8.84) And The Lowest For Celtra Duo (21.44�8.61) And The Highest DC Mean Value Was Recorded For Thickness 0.5 Mm Groups (38.33�5.91) While The Lowest DC Mean Value Was Recorded For 2 Mm Groups Which Recorded (19.27�5.90).The Difference Between Groups Was Statistically Significant As Indicated By One Way ANOVA Test (P Value < 0.05) Conclusion: Ceramic Composition Affects Polymerization Of Dual?cured Resin Cement Due To Attenuation Of Light Reaching Cement. In This Study, Microhardness And Degree Of Polymerization Of Resin Cement Discs Cured Through Emax Plate Was Significantly Greater Than Vita Enamic Followed By Celtra Duo Plates. Ceramic Thickness Has A High Significant Effect On The Underlying Dual Cure Resin Cement MicroHardness Of The Dual Cure Resin Cement Are More Affected By The Thickness Of Ceramic Than By The Type Of Ceramic Used.

Mustafa Mahmoud Shalaby Ahmed, Wafaa Ahmed Omar And Marwa Mahmoud Ali Bedier,

ABSTRACT


Aim: This In Vitro Study Was Carried Out To Evaluate The Effect Of Lowering The Temperature Used With Continuous Wave Compaction (CWC) From 200�C To 150�C On The Push-out Bond Strength And Interfacial Adaptation Of TotalFill BC Sealer In Relation To AH Plus Sealer.

Materials and Methods: A Total Of Eighty-eight Extracted Human Single-rooted Teeth With Single Straight Root Canals Were Selected For This Study. The Samples Were Randomly Allocated Into Four Groups (n=22) According To The Type Of Sealer Used And The Temperature Of Warming Gutta-percha; (AH Plus/ 150�C), (AH Plus/200�C), (TotalFill BC/150�C) And (TotalFill BC/200�C) Groups. The Roots Were Sectioned Horizontally Into 2 Mm. Thick Slices, And The Bond Strengths Were Measured Using A Standardized Push-out Test. The Mode Of Failure Was Examined By Visual Inspection Under Stereomicroscope. Before The Push-out Test, Five Representative Samples From Each Group Were Randomly Selected To Qualitatively Assess The Interfacial Adaptation Using Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy (ESEM).

Results: The Mean Push-out Bond Strength Values Of The Two Sealers Recorded Significant Lower Values At 150�C Than At 200�C. The Predominant Mode Of Failure Among Groups Was Adhesive Failure, Except For TotalFill BC/200�C Group That Showed Mostly Mixed Failure. Regarding The Interfacial Adaptation, The Mean Gap Width Measurement At 150�C Was Wider Than That At 200�C For Both Sealers.

Conclusions: Using 150�C During CWC Technique Compared To 200�C Significantly Decrease The Bond Strength Values And The Interfacial Adaptation Of TotalFill BC Sealer As Well As AH Plus Sealer.

Osama Jaber Sabri Alshanti, Amr Saleh El-Etreby And Gihan El-Naggar,

ABSTRACT
Objective: The Aim Of The Present Study Is To Evaluate The Effect Of Two Surface Treatments (acid Etching And Sandblasting) On The Shear Bond Strength Of Composite Resin Cement To Pressed And Repressed Lithium Di Silicate Ceramics. Patients And Methods: Fifty Two Lithium Disilicate Discs Were Constructed Of 10mm Diameter And 2mm Thickness And Were Divided Into 2 Groups. Group (P) Composed Of 26 Discs Constructed From Newly Introduced Lithium Disilicate Ingots While Group (R) Composed Of 26 Discs Constructed From Left Over Material That Was Shaped To Resemble An Ingot.

Results: The Discs Were Thermo-cycled In An Attempt To Simulate The Intra-oral Conditions And Its Detrimental Effect On Bond Strength For 5,000 Cycles Which Is Equivalent To 6 Months Of Intra-oral Service And Then The Shear Bond Strength Test Was Initiated. Then The Mode Of Failure Was Examined And All Data Were Collected, Tabulated And Statistically Analyzed To Detect Any Significant Values Among The Tested Groups. Conclusion: The Re-use Of E.max Press Left Over Buttons For Construction Of All Ceramic Restoration Could Be Considered For Socio-economic Reasons. The Type Of Surface Treatment Adopted Greatly Affects The Shear Bond Strength Of Pressed And Repressed Ceramics And Hence The Durability Of Resin Cement Bonded To Ceramics. Sandblasting Cannot Be Considered As A Reliable Surface Treatment When Bonding To Pressed And Repressed Glass Ceramic.

Taha Amer Taha, Ahmed Mohamed Fahmy And Doaa Amr Heshmat,

ABSTRACT

Objectives: This Study Was Aiming To Evaluate Primary Stability Of Implant In Closed Sinus Lifting Cases By Densah Bur In Comparison To Osteotome In Partially Edentulous Patients. The Evaluation Was Carried Out Through Ostell Device Day Of The Surgery, 2, 4, 8 Weeks Postoperative.

Materials and Methods: This Study Was Conducted On Ten Patients. The Patients Were Divided Into Two Equal Groups. Each Patient Was Received 1 Implant At The Edentulous Site Of Missing First Or Second Maxillary Molar. One Group Received Dental Implants Using Closed Sinus Lifting By Osteotome While The Other Group Received Dental Implants Using Closed Sinus Lifting By Densah Bur. After Implant Placement, Smart Peg Is Placed On Implant And Ostell Is Used To Record ISQ. Implant Stability Was Measured Intraoperative And At Week 2, 4, 6, And 8 For Both Groups. The Collected Results Were Tabulated And Statistically Analyzed.

Results: The Study Results Showed That There Was No Statistically Significant Difference Between (Osteotome) And (Densah Bur) Groups In ISQ Reading Except At Week 4 Where The Highest Mean Value Was Found In (Densah Bur) Group, While The Least Mean Value Was Found In (Osteotome) Group. Conclusion: Within The Limitation Of This Study, Densah Bur Can Be Applied For Closed Sinus Lifting In A Simple, Safe And Predictable Way With Reduced Morbidity Without Need To Hand Tapping Force.