Rasha I. Abdalla, Amal Kaddah And Ahmed Fayyad,

ABSTRACT
Dental Implants Have Completely Altered The World Of Edentulism; Despite The Tremendous Efforts Exerted, There Are Still Many Controversies Regarding The Retention Of Implant Attachments To Be Used In Implant Supported Overdentures Which Will Affect The Patient Satisfaction And Preference. The Question Here Arises - Will The Mandibular Magnet Implant Overdentures In Comparison To Mandibular Ball And Socket Retained Implant Overdentures Result In An Improvement On Retention?

Materials and Methods: Patients Were Randomly Assigned Into Two Equal Groups. Patients Of Group I Were Allocated To Two Implants Supported Overdenture Retained With Ball And Socket Attachment While Those Of Group II Were Allocated To Two Implants Supported Overdenture Retained With Magnet Attachment. Retention Was Measured For Each Group At Baseline, 1month, 3months And 6 Months By Using A Digital Force-meter While Patients� Satisfaction Was Assessed Using Oral Health Impact Profile Questionnaire (OHIP 14). The Assessment Was Made At Baseline (1 Week) After Denture Insertion And Six Months Follow-up Period. Result: Ball And Socket Group Showed Higher Retention Values Than Magnet Group, With No Statistically Significant Difference Between Mean Retention Loss Values In The Two Groups. Patient�s Satisfaction Was High In Both Groups With Statistically Significant Decrease In Mean OHIP-14 Scores After 6 Months In Each Group Conclusion: Implant Retained Mandibular Overdenture With Magnet Or Ball And Socket Attachments Is A Successful Treatment Option Regarding The Retention, Improved Overall Function And Patient Satisfaction Over Six Months Observation Period But With Higher Retention Values For Ball And Socket Attachments.

Fady A. Issa, Hesham Katamish And Tarek Salah Morsi,

ABSTRACT
The Purpose Of This Study Was To Evaluate The Performance Of New Hybrid-ceramics As Anterior And Posterior Implant Supported Abutments Under Cyclic Loading As A One-piece Hybrid Abutment And Measure Their Fracture Resistance. 20 Implant Analogues Were Embedded In Acrylic Resin Blocks. Titanium Base Was Placed And Scanned. Samples Were Designed As Upper Central Incisors And Upper First Premolars Using Exocad Software For CAD/CAM Milling Using VITA ENAMIC Blocks. All Abutments Were Permanently Cemented To Titanium Base Using Resin Cement. All Samples Were Subjected To Cyclic Fatigue Loading Followed By Fracture Resistance Testing Of Surviving Specimens. Posterior One-piece Hybrid Abutment Samples Showed Higher Survival Rate Than Posterior One-piece Abutments During Cyclic Loading. The Mean Fracture Loads Of The One-piece Hybrid Abutments Both Anterior & Posterior Were 304 N And 417.6 N Respectively. Fractographic Analysis Confirmed That Crack Originated From The Occlusal Surface (under The Indenter) And Spread To Restoration Margins, Which Lead To Clean Bulk Fracture Of The Samples.

Basmah El-Sayed, Fatma Mohamed, Rehab R. El-Zehery And Mohammed Grawish,

ABSTRACT
Periodontal Disease Is Currently One Of The Major Health Problems Worldwide. Unfortunately Once The Periodontal Tissues Are Destructed, Periodontal Regeneration Is Quite Difficult And Current Regenerative Techniques Do Not Produce Satisfactory Results. Recently Many New Regenerative Therapies Have Emerged And Are Considered Favorable Candidates For Periodontal Regeneration. Rats Serve As One Of The Suitable And Most Common Animal Models Used In Preclinical Experiments Evaluating New Treatments For Periodontal Regeneration.

Hossam Hassan Soliman Hassan, Amal Hessein Mubarak, Fatema El Zahraa Awad Sayed, Ahmed Mohamed Osama And Sherihan Mohamed Eissa Ali,

ABSTRACT
Background: Fracture Strength And Hardness Could Be Found To Be Sensitive To The Curing Techniques Of The Polymerized Resins; The Hardness Is An Efficient Technique To Judge The Polymerisation Depth Of Resin Materials.

Aim: Compare The Effect Of Curing Techniques On The Fracture Resistance Of Implant Retained Acrylic Resin Overdenture Bases. Method: Acrylic Resin Denture Bases Had Been Divided Into Three Groups According To The Technique Of Polymerization (group I: Heat Cured Acrylic Resin, Group II: Microwave Cured Acrylic Resin, Group III: Light Cured Acrylic Resin). Universal Testing Machine Had Been Used To Measure Fracture Strength And Vicker`s Hardness Tester Had Been Used To Measure Vicker�s Hardness.

Results: Light Cured (Eclipse) Denture Base Resin Revealed Significantly Higher Fracture Strength And Hardness Properties, As Compared To The Water Bath And Microwave Polymerization Methods. Conventional Heat Cured Resin Demonstrated Significantly Higher Fracture Strength And Hardness Properties, As Compared To Microwave Polymerized Resin. Conclusion: High Strengths Exhibited By Eclipse Is Also Concerning The High Degree Of Polymerization And Crystalline Nature Of The Formulation Moreover As Less Voids Among The Material

Mustafa M. Abdullah, Manal R. Hassan And Raiesa M. Mohammed,

ABSTRACT
Objective: The Purpose Of This Study Was To Assess Fracture Resistance Of Endocrown Constructed Of Two Different Materials Namely IPS E.max And Hybrid Ceramic Compared To Conventional Post And Core And IPS E.max Full Coverage Crown. Materials And Methods : Thirty Sound Extracted Human Permanent Mandibular Molars (N =30) Were Endodontically Treated. Standardized Preparations Were Done With 3-mm Intracoronal Extensions Into The Pulp Chamber And Divided Into 3groups Of Each (n=10). Group I : Specimens Involved Endodontically Treated Mandibular Molars Restored With Glass Fiber Posts Cemented With Rely X Cement, Composite Cores Were Built Up And IPS E.max Press Full Coverage Crowns (control Group) .Group II: Involved Endodontically Treated Mandibular Molars Restored With IPS E.max Press Endocrown. Group III: Specimens Involved Endodontically Treated Mandibular Molars Restored With Hybrid Ceramic Vita Enamic Endocrown. Each Group Of II And III Subdivided Into Sub-groups According To Ferrule Preparation GPIa (n=5) With Ferrule And GPIIb(n=5) Without Ferrule. Specimens Were Subjected To Fatigue By Cyclic Loading 150,000 Cycles In Order To Simulate A Clinical Service Time Of 1years And Were Mounted In A Universal Testing Machine(instron) And Then They Subjected To Vertical Compression Load Until Failure. Data Were Collected, Tabulated And Statically Analyzed. One Way ANOVA Followed By Pair-wise Tukey�s Post-hoc Tests Were Performed To Detect Significance Between Groups. Student T-test Was Done Between Subgroups. Result: The Highest Fracture Resistance Mean Value Was Recorded For Vita Enamic Endocrown With Ferrule Group (1405.69�34.7 N) While The Lowest Fracture Resistance Mean Value Was Recorded For Vita-enamic Endocrown Without Ferrule Group (847.04�45.54 N). Difference Between Control Group And Vita Enamic Endocrown With Ferrule Group While Without Ferrule The Difference Was Significant (p<0.05) Conclusion: Endocrowns Preparation With 1mm Ferrule And Vita Enamic Material Can Be The Best Of Choice To Achieve A Higher Fracture Resistance In High Stress Bearing Areas. KEY WORDS: Endocrown, Endodontically Treated Molars Reinforced With Post And Core, IPS E.max Crown, Hybrid Ceramics Vita Enamic.

Basma A. Alrazhi, Alaa H. Diab And Shaimaa Gawdat,

ABSTRACT
This Study Was Conducted To Evaluate Postoperative Pain After Root Canal Preparation With ProTaper Next And WaveOne NiTi Systems. Fifty Two Patients With Mandibular Permanent Premolars And Molars, Showing Signs/symptoms Of Symptomatic Irreversible Pulpitis Were Selected From The Outpatient Clinic Of Endodontic Department, Cairo University. An Approval From The Ethic Committee And An Informed Consent From The Patients Were Taken. Patients Were Randomly Divided Into Two Groups; Comparator Group: Root Canal Instrumented With WaveOne Instruments (n=26), And Intervention Group: Root Canal Instrumented With Protaper Next (PTN) Instruments (n=26). Postoperative Pain Was Recorded Using Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) At 6, 12, 24, 48 Hours Intervals. Results Showed That A Significantly Lower Levels Of Postoperative Pain In The PTN Group Compared To WaveOne Group At 6 And12 Hours. No Significant Difference Was Found Between Both Groups At 24 And 48 Hours. In Conclusion, PTN Rotary System Was Able To Minimize The Risk Of Postoperative Pain Intensity, As Compared To WaveOne Reciprocating System In The First 24 Hour.

Ehab Mohmed Abd-Al Halim, Maged Gaber M. El Saadawy And Alaa Bashir Kassem,

ABSTRACT
Background: The Purpose Of This Prospective Study Is To Compare Between Effects Of Two Occlusal Systems On The Biting Force And Masticatory Efficiency Of Implant Bar Retained Mandibular Over Denture Opposed By Maxillary Complete Denture. Methods: After Evaluation Of 10 Completely Edentulous Patients Using Panoramic X-ray, Mucoperiosteal Flaps Were Reflected Exposing The Mandibular Interforaminal Region. Two Implants Were Placed In The Interforaminal Region For Each Of The 10 Patients. After A Healing Period Of 3�months, Acrylic Maxillary And Mandibular Overdentures Were Fabricated With Bilateral Balanced Occlusion For All Patients, Positioner Attachments Were Used And Incorporated Into The Dentures Using Direct Pickup Method. All Patients Used Their Dentures With Bilateral Balanced Occlusion For 1�month As Adaptation Period Then Were Evaluated 3-6-9 Months. Following Evaluation At 9 Months Post Insertion, It Was Converted Into Canine Guidance Occlusion Using The Same Denture. This Was Achieved Clinically By Remounting Using The Semi-adjustable Articulator. Light-cured Composite Resin Was Then Added In The Mandibular Canines To Provide An Interarch Disocclusion Space Of 2�mm During Eccentric Movements.Then Evaluated After3-6-9 Months For The New Occlusion Then Comparing The Results Of Masticatory Efficiency And Biting Force For Both Types Of Occlusion. Results : The Results Of This Study Showed No Significant Difference For The Masticatory Efficiency And Biting Force Between The Occlusal Concepts Proposed.

Conclusions: Both Bilateral Balanced Occlusion And Canine Guidance Occlusion Can Be Used Successfully In Implant-retained Mandibular Overdentures Without Affecting Masticatory Efficiency And Biting Forces.

Sherif Z. Hassan, Enas Fathelbab And Mohammed M. Shalaby,

ABSTRACT

Objectives: The Aim Of This Study Was To Determine The Effect Of Different Hybrid Ceramics Thicknesses And Different Luting Agent Shades On The Perceived Final Color Of The Restoration. Methods: Forty Disc Shaped Samples (0.5 & 1mm Thick) Were Fabricated From Vita Enamic Shade (3M2-HT) And Lava Ultimate Shade (A3-HT) Hybrid Ceramics (20 Sample Each). Resin Composite Discs (10 Mm Diameter & 2 Mm In Thickness) Shade A4 Was Used To Simulate The Color Of A Dark Underlying Substrate (n=40). Cementation Of Discs Was Carried Out With Rely X Veneer Shade A3 Opaque, Translucent Or Without Cement (control Group). Color Differences (?E) Were Determined Using Spectrophotometer. For Parametric Data; Three-way (ANOVA) Was Used To Analyze The Data, Followed By Bonferroni�s Post-hoc. The Significance Level Was Set At P ? 0.05.

Results: The L* A* B* Values Of The Tested Materials Were Affected By Both Luting Agent And The Ceramic Thickness. The Mean Values Of (?E) For 0.5 Mm Thick Samples Were Higher Than Those Of 1 Mm Thick. The Mean Values Of (?E) For Opaque Luting Agent Samples Were Higher Than Those Of Luted With Translucent Luting Agent. Decrease In Mean Values Of (?L) Of All The Tested Samples Was Detected. Conclusion: Both Tested Materials Luted With Translucent Luting Agent Recorded Clinically Acceptable Color When Used In 1mm Thickness. The Tested Luting Agent Shades Made The Final Color Of The Samples Darker Than The Control Group.

Omnia Badawy Darwish, Siza Yacoub Zakhary And Sherif Adel El-khodary,

ABSTRACT
OneShape Is A Single-file NiTi System That Uses Full-sequence Rotary Motion. The File Has Three Variable Cross-sections Along The Length Of The Blade Also It Has A Longer Pitch. These Properties Cause Reduction Of The Preparation Time, Efficient Cleaning, Decrease In The Bacterial Charge Similar To That Of Traditional Instruments And Lower Quantity Of Apically Extruded Debris. Root Canal Preparation Techniques May Cause Postoperative Pain. The Goal Of The Present Study Was To Compare The Intensity Of Postoperative Pain When Using OneShape Or ProTaper Universal System For Instrumentation Of Root Canals. Methods: Forty Patients Who Fulfilled Specific Inclusion Criteria Were Assigned To Two Groups According To The Root Canal Instrumentation Technique Used, OneShape Or ProTaper Universal. Root Canal Treatment Was Carried Out In Single Visit, And The Severity Of Postoperative Pain Was Assessed By Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) Score After The Session Until Complete Pain Relief Was Achieved. Analgesic Consumption Was Also Recorded.

Results: Mean Of NRS Scores Between The Two Groups And Within The Same Group At Different Follow Up Periods(6, 12, 24 And 48 Hours) Showed No Statistically Significant Difference. Also, There Was No Statistical Significant Difference In Analgesic Consumption Between The Two Groups.

Ahmed M. Metwally, Neven S. Abdou And Manal F. Osman,

ABSTRACT


Purpose: This Study Was Conducted To Evaluate The Effect Of Biodegradation Of Orthodontic Archwires In Different Solutions On Metal Ions Release, Surface Microhardness, Modulus Of Elasticity And Flexural Strength.

Materials and Methods: Four Orthodontic Archwires (stainless Steel, NiTi, Copper NiTi And Teflon-coated NiTi) Were Used. They Were Immersed In Different Solutions (distilled Water, Artificial Saliva, Tea, Hot Water, Coca Cola And Cold Water) For Four Weeks. A Total Number Of 460 Archwire Specimens Were Used In This Study. They Have Been Classified As Follow, 100 Archwire Specimens Were Prepared For Measurement Of Released Metal Ions After Immersion In Each Solution And 360 Archwire Specimens Were Prepared For Determination Of Their Mechanical Properties. For Metal Ions Release Assessment, The Specimens Were Classified Mainly Into Four Groups (25 Specimens Each) According To The Archwire Type. Each Group Was Further Subdivided Into 5 Subgroups (5 Specimens Each) According To The Used Solution. Each Subgroup Had Been Divided Into Two Divisions As The Following: Five Solutions As Test Specimens Immersed With Studied Archwires And Five Solutions As Control Specimens Without Archwire. Metal Ions Release Analysis Was Performed For All Solutions For Nickel, Chromium, Copper, Cobalt, Iron And Titanium Metal Ions In Parts Per Billion (ppb) Using Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometer (ICP Spectroscope). For Mechanical Properties Assessment, The Specimens Were Classified Mainly Into Four Groups (90 Specimens Each) According To The Archwire Type. Each Group Was Further Subdivided Into 6 Subgroups (15 Specimens Each) According To The Used Solution. Each Subgroup Had Been Divided Into Three Divisions (5 Specimens Each) According To The Test Parameter (surface Microhardness, Modulus Of Elasticity, Flexural Strength). Surface Microhardness Was Evaluated Using Vickers Hardness Tester. While Modulus Of Elasticity And Flexural Strength Were Measured By Subjecting The Archwires Specimens To The Three Point Bending Test Using A Universal Testing Machine. Means And Standard Deviations Were Calculated For All Tests. The Data Was Analyzed And Compared Using Two-way ANOVA Analysis And Least Significant Difference (LSD) Test (p < 0.05).

Results: Artificial Saliva Significantly Decreased The Surface Microhardness Of St. St. And Teflon-coated NiTi Archwires And Significantly Decreased The Modulus Of Elasticity Of NiTi, CuNiTi, St. St. Archwires. Tea And Coca Cola Significantly Decreased The Surface Microhardness Of CuNiTi, St. St. And Teflon-coated NiTi Archwires And Significantly Decreased The Modulus Of Elasticity Of All Archwire Specimens. Immersion Of Orthodontic Archwire Specimens In The Testing Solutions Resulted In Release Of Minute Amounts Of Metal Ions.

Conclusions: Artificial Saliva, Tea And Coca Cola Potentially Would Contribute To Biodegradation Of Orthodontic Archwires Leading To Prolonged Orthodontic Treatment And Might Damage The Surface Of Archwires. The Realative High Temperatures Of Tea And Hot Water Played An Important Role In The Release Of Metal Ions With Subsequent Significant Decrease On The Mechanical Properties Of Orthodontic Archwires. The Released Metal Ions From Archwires Were Of Such Small Amounts To Be Of Any Biologic Risk. The Quantity Of Released Metal Ions Was Within Acceptable Biocompatible Limits.

Dina Ahmed AbdEllatif , Lamiaa Sayed Kheirallah And Maha Ahmed Taymour,

ABSTRACT
Conservation Of The Tooth Substance Connected With Aesthetic Treatment Modalities For Teeth Led To Rise In The Placement Of Indirect Restorations; Inlay, Onlay, Endo-crown, Veneer, Partial Coverage And Full Coverage Restorations In The Recent Years. The Aim Of This Study Was To Evaluate The Shear Bond Strength Of Vita Enamic Discs Bonded To Enamel And Dentin Using Bifix QM Resin Cement Versus Rely X Ultimate Resin Cement.

Materials and Methods: Twenty Eight Human Premolar Teeth Were Selected Then Divided Into Two Main Groups According To The Cement Used Then Further Subdivided Into Two Subgroups According To The Dental Substrate Either Enamel Or Dentin (n=7). Ceramic Discs Of 2mm Height And 4mm Diameter Were Cemented By Relay X Ultimate As A Control And Bifix QM As An Intervention. All Specimens Were Stored In Distilled Water For 24hr At 37?. The Specimens Were Loaded Until Fracture In A Shear Test At A Crosshead Speed Of 0.5mm/min In A Universal Testing Machine After Thermocycling.

Results: Relay X Cement Showed Significant Higher Shear Bond Strength In Enamel Substrate. Bifix QM Cement Showed Non Significant Higher Bond Strength In Dentin Substrate.

Conclusions: Rely X Ultimate Becomes The Cement Of Choice In The Cementation Of Conservative Restoration As Veneers. Both Cements Can Be Used For Bonding Vita Enamic Restorations With More Preferences To Bifix QM Cement When Most Of The Preparation In Dentin.

Sharaf Mohamed Yahia, Ibrahim S. I And Eskander A.E,

ABSTRACT
Objective: To Evaluate Patients Satisfaction Of Obturator With Attachment Versus Conventional Obturator In Treatment Of Unilateral Maxillectomy.

Materials and Methods: Fourteen Patients Were Selected According To The Following Criteria : Patients Having Sufficient Number Of Natural Teeth (class I And Or Class IV Aramany Classification) Not Less Than Five Teeth, Intact Soft Palate, Sufficient Mouth Opening, Not Exposed To Radiotherapy Or Chemotherapy. Patients Were Divided Into Two Equal Groups, Each Of Seven Patients: Patients Of Group I (Comparator) Received A Clasp Retained Obturator, While Patients Of Group II(Intervention) Received An Attachment-retained Obturator (RCT). The Design Of The Definitive Obturator For Group I Included Double Aker�s Clasp On The First, Second Premolars And Molars With Alternating Buccal And Lingual Retention, Palatal Plate As A Major Connector And A Meshwork Extension At The Defect Side. For Group II, Crown Preparation Of All The Remaining Abutments Was Done. Then, In The Wax Pattern, A Lingual Guiding Plane Was Prepared And Two OT Vertical Attachments Were Attached Mesial To The Most Anterior Abutment And Palatal To The Second Premolar And First Molar. Construction Of The Splinted Crowns Were Completed And The Final Impression Was Made With The Splinted Crowns In Place To Be Picked Up Into The Impression. After Final Try-in Of The Obturator, Construction Of The Definitive Obturator Was Completed With A Hard Resin Hollowed Obturator Bulb, Functional Relining With Soft Silicone Liner For Both Groups. Evaluation Included Patient Satisfaction (primary Outcome)where Two Scales Were Followed In This Study Which Are �The Obturator Functioning Scale� And �The European Organization For Research And Treatment Of Cancer Head And Neck 35�.

Results: Patients Of Group II Were Highly Satisfied With Their Obturators, After 1, 3 As Well As 6 Months Follow-up; There Was A Statistically Significant Difference (P<0.05) For The Obturator Functional Scale Scores And The European Organization For Research And Treatment Of Cancer Head And Neck 35

Conclusions: Attachment Retained Maxillary Definitive Obturators Can Be Considered A Satisfactory Treatment Modality For Patients With Acquired Maxillary Defects. Clinical Implications: This Study May Shift The Clinical Work From Conventional Trend In Attachment Trend Which May Improve Patients Satisfaction And Quality Of Life.

Aziz F. Al-Sayed, Ghali R. Abdel Malek And Salem. Z. Amin,

ABSTRACT
Aim Of The Study: Artificial Sweeteners Such As�aspartame (APM) Are Widely Consumed Nowadays, Yet Their Long-term Health Impact Is Uncertain. The Present Work Aimed To Investigate The Effect Of Long Term Administration Of High Dose Of APM (80mg/kg.b.w) On The Structural Features Of Von Ebner�s Salivary Glands, Circumvallate Papillae And Taste Buds.

Materials and Methods: Twenty-two Male Adult Albino Laboratory Rats With Weight Range From 200 To 250 G Were Utilized In The Present Study. The Animals Were Divided Into 2 Groups; Group I: Consisted Of Eleven Rats And They Were Considered As Control Group. Group II: Consisted Of Eleven Rats And They Were Given APM (80 Mg/kg.b.w) Dissolved In Distilled Water Orally And Daily By Means Of Gastric Tube. The Rats Were Sacrificed At The End Of The Sixth Months Under Chloral Hydrate Anesthesia. The Tongue Was Subsequently Dissected And Prepared For Histological Examination Using H&E Stain, Immunohistochemical Staining Using PCNA Antibody And Finally Histomorphometric And Statistical Analysis Were Performed.

Results: The Histopathological Results After Long Term Administration Of APM Showed Partially Obliterated Trough Of Circumvallate Papilla With Hyperkeratinization. Abnormal Morphology Of The Excretory Duct Was Observed, The Ductal Lining Showed Squamous Hyperplasia With Collapsed Lumen. Severe Degeneration In The Von Ebner�s Salivary Glands With Loss Of The Normal Architecture Of The Serours Acini Were Observed With Appearance Of Signs Of Premalignancy. Immunohistochemical Results Showed Very High Rate Of Proliferative Activity After Long Term Administration Of APM In Comparison To Control Group. Conclusion: Aspartame Is Considered As A Very Harmful Premalignant Drug On Long Term Administration. So, The Public Should Be Alerted About The Adverse Effects Of Aspartame.

Eman Nabil Elezaby, Siza Yacoub Zakhary And Reham Saeed Seyam,

ABSTRACT


Introduction: This Study Compared The Effect Of 2 Rotary Nickel-titanium (NiTi) Systems; WaveOne And ProTaper Universal On Transportation, Centering Ability And Volumetric Changes Of Curved Root Canals. Methods: Thirty-four Mesiobuccal Root Canals Of Mandibular Molars (with Angles Of Curvature Ranging From 25�-35�) Were Randomly Divided Into Two Groups (n=17); WO And PU Groups. Canals Were Scanned Using A Cranex� 3Dx Machine (Soredex, Tuusula, Finland) Before And After Preparation. Root Canal Transportation And Centering Ratio Were Evaluated At 3, 5, 8 Mm From The Apex. Amount Of Removed Dentin Was Evaluated As Well. The Significance Level Was Set At P ? 0.05.

Results: There Was No Significant Difference Between Both Systems In Canal Transportation, Centering Ability And Volumetric Changes.

Conclusions: Both Systems Can Effectively Shape Curved Root Canals, While Preserving Original Canal Curvature, And Without Excessive Removal Of Dentin.

Amr Abd El-Baeth Yadak, Hussein Yahya EL-Sayed And Thuraia Mohamed Genaid,

ABSTRACT
The Aim Of The Study Was To Evaluate And Compare The Microleakage And Penetration Of A Resin Infiltrant Material (Icon�) To That Of A Resin Based Fissure Sealant RBS (Fisseal) And A Resin Modified Glass Ionomer RMGI (VitremerTM) In Induced Occlusal Fissure Caries.

Materials and Methods: Sixty Extracted Human Sound Premolars Were Utilized Where Initial Fissure Caries Was Created By A PH Cycling Procedure. Samples Were Randomly Divided Into 3 Equal Groups (n = 20) According To The Type Of The Sealing Material (group I: Icon�, Group II: Fisseal, Group III: (VitremerTM). Samples In Each Group Were Then Divided Randomly Into Two Equal Subgroups A And B Where Samples In Subgroup A Were Not Thermocycled While Those In Subgroup B Were Thermocycled In Water For 500 Cycles Between 5 And 550C. All Samples Were Immersed In 1% Methylene Blue Dye Solution For 24 Hours, Sectioned Into Two Halves Along Bucco-lingual Aspect And Inspected Under Stereomicroscope. Microleakage At The Sealant Tooth Interface Was Scored And Sealant Penetration Into The Fissure Lesions Was Rated Either Complete Or Incomplete Penetration. Data Were Analyzed Using Kruskal Wallis And Mann-Whitney U Tests (P<0.05).

Results: Kruskal Wallis Test Revealed A Statistically Significant Difference Among The Groups (P< 0.05) In The Degree Of Microleakage And Penetration, Where Group I (Icon�) Revealed The Best Results Followed By Group II (Fisseal), However The Worst Results Were Found In Group III (VitremerTM). Mann-Whitney U Test Revealed No Statistically Significant Difference Between The Microleakage Recorded In Group I And Group II (P> 0.05), While A Highly Statistically Significant Difference (P= 0.000) Was Found Between Group III Versus Both Groups I & II. Thermocycling Did Not Have A Significant Effect On Microleakage Of Any Of The Tested Materials (P> 0.05). Conclusion: Icon� And Fisseal Provided Better Sealing And Penetration Into The Non-cavitated Fissure Caries Lesion Compared To VitremerTM.

Islam Hassan, Iman Radi And Amal Kaddah,

ABSTRACT
Background: The Intolerance Of Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnea To Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Has Lead To Emergence Of Oral Appliances, The Effectiveness Of Which Is Still Doubtful. Objective: To Compare Between The Mandibular Advancement Device ((MAD) As An Intervention)) And (continuous Positive Air Way Pressure (CPAP) As A Comparator)) In The Treatment Of ((patients With OSA) As A Population) Regarding The Following Outcomes, Which Are Primarily Snoring Index And Secondarily Apnea Hypopnea Index (AHI). Data Sources: The Following Databases Were Searched Electronically; Cochrane Library (CENTRAL), LILACS, And PubMed And Grey Literature With Dates (17-19 March 2016).Hand Searching Of Nine Journals Was Done Electronically With Dates (1-5 March 2016), Study Bibliographies Were Reviewed And Authors Were Contacted. Study Selection: RCTs Comparing The Effect Of CPAP Or MAD On AHI And Snoring Index In Patients With OSA Were Selected By Consensus.

Results: Of 5737 Studies Initially Identified, 12 Were Included In This Review. A Meta-analysis Using Random And Fixed-effect Models To Estimate Pooled Differences Between Each Intervention Was Performed. 12 Studies (7 Of Parallel Design RCTs, 5 Of Crossover RCTs), Comparing Between MAD And CPAP, Were Included In This Review Reporting Results Of 553 Subjects. Seven Studies Of One Outcome (AHI) Were Assigned To Meta-analysis. As A Result Of Different Study Designs And Time, Three Comparisons Were Carried Out; Comparison 1 For Parallel Design After 3 Months Of Treatment, Comparison 2 For Crossover Design After 4 Months And Comparison 3 For Parallel Design After 12 Months. Fixed Effect Model Was Used For Comparison 1 And 2, While Random Effect Model Was Used For Comparison 3.

Conclusions: The Prolonged Use Of MAD (more Than One Year) Is As Effective As CPAP In Reducing The AHI. Quality Of Evidence, However, Is Very Low, Which Might Weaken The Recommendations. Properly Conducted RCTs With Follow Up Periods Longer Than One Year, Reporting Snoring, Apnea Hypopnea Index, Excessive Daytime Sleepiness And Health Quality Of Life Score Outcomes Are Still Needed.

AbdelAziz R. And EshaK M.,

ABSTRACT


Aim: The Aim Of This Study Was To Investigate Characteristic MRI Findings Of Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) In The Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ). Patients And Methods: 40 TMJs From 20 RA Patients Who Have TMJ Complain Were Examined By MRI. All MRI Images Were Evaluated Separately By Two Experienced Oral Radiologists With Regard To The Presence Or Absence Of Soft Tissue And/or Osseous Abnormalities, The Radiologists Were Blinded To The Clinical Symptoms And Prior TMJ Disease. The Following Joint Abnormalities Were Noted, Synovial Membrane Thickening, Pannus Formation, Bone Marrow Edema, Disk Distortion And Disk Displacement, Bone Erosion, Flattening Of The Articular Surfaces, Sub-cortical And Generalized Sclerosis, Sub-cortical Cyst, Osteophyte, Joint Space Reduction And Abnormal Position Of The Condylar Head Within The Temporal Fossa. All These Findings Were Tabled And Analyzed.

Results: MRI Clearly Detected All Joint Abnormalities With The Most Frequent Soft Tissue Abnormality Was Synovial Membrane Thickening 85% And The Least Frequent Abnormality Was Disk Distortion 15%, Where The Most Frequent Osseous Abnormality Was Condylar Head Erosion 52.5% And The Least Frequent Was Loose Joint Body 5%. Conclusion: Bony Erosion In The Condyle And Synovial Proliferation Were Considered Characteristic MRI Findings Of RA In The TMJs.

Abdel Rahman Abu Shamleh , Nahed Attia And Rima Abdallah,

ABSTRACT
Lasers Have Been Used In Many Different Fields In Medicine And Dentistry Since Their Introduction In The 1960s. They Demonstrated Bactericidal Effects Which Are Promising For Periodontal Therapy. For This Reason, They Are Used As An Adjunct To Conventional Therapy. Diode Lasers Have Been Proposed As A Novel Treatment Option In Controlling The Subgingival Microorganisms And Studying The Shift In Inflammatory Mediators. The Purpose Of The Study Was To Reveal The Activation Profiles Of Inflammatory Cytokines In Response To Diode Laser.

Materials and Methods: This Study Was Carried Out As A Prospective Randomized Split Mouth Clinical Trial. Twenty Patients Having Generalized Chronic Periodontitis With Moderate Clinical Attachment Loss, Were Treated Using Conventional Treatment (control Site) Or Conventional Treatment With Application Of Diode Laser (test Site). Blood Panel And Collection Of GCF Were Taken Before Starting The Treatment For Each Patient And 2,6 Months For Follow Up In Order To Compare The Effect Of Diode Laser As An Adjunctive Therapy To Scaling And Root Planing (SRP) In Addition To Comparing The Clinical Parameters. Data Was Collected For Statistical Analysis Using The IBM SPSS� 20.0 Statistical Package. Statistical Significance Was Set At 0.05.

Results: In This Study, Significant Differences Were Found On The Three Gingival Crevicular Fluid (GCF) Cytokine Levels Tested Before And After Periodontal Therapy. C-reactive Protein (CRP) And Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) Alpha Were The Only Cytokines That Decreased Immediately After Treatment And Remained At Significantly Lower Levels Until The End Of The Study Period. At Two Weeks Following Treatment Of Either Scaling And Root Planing Alone Or In Conjunction Of Laser Disinfection Gingival Index (GI) Level In The Test Site Ranged Between 0.1 To 0.5 Whereas In The Control Site It Was 0.5 To 1.25. As For The Inflammatory Mediators IL-1? Ranged Between 20.12 To 24.48 In Comparison To 21.22 To 26.78 In Control Site. TNFa Ranged From (1.01-3.7) In Comparison With (1.21 - 1.89) And CRP Level Was (0.39-0.67) In Comparison With (0.23-67). In All Parameters The Test Sites Showed Better Decrease In The Inflammatory Mediators And Clinical Parameters. Conclusion: Soft Tissue Laser In Adjunct To Scaling And Root Planing Enables A Decrease In The Inflammatory Response. Effective Disinfection Becomes Possible During Initial Periodontal Therapy By Introducing The Laser Beam To The Periodontal Pocket. Soft Tissue Diode Laser Maybe Beneficial As An Adjunct To Initial Periodontal Treatment.

Ahmed Mohamed Keshk, Ahmed Emad Fayyad, Eman Ahmed Maher And Amal Fathy Kaddah,

ABSTRACT
Background: Posterior Distal Extension Partial Denture Present A Number Of Design Challenges. Especially The Equitable Distribution Of Forces That May Become Adverse During Functional And Parafunctional Activities. So To Maintain Remaining Alveolar Ridges And Teeth In An Optimal State Of Health And To Provide The Patient With Improved Comfort And Function, These Forces Are Often Compensated For To Some Extent By Framework And Denture Base Design Variation.

Purpose: The Aim Of This Study Was To Evaluate The Quality Of Life And Muscle Activity For Patients Restored By Mandibular Distal Extension Removable Partial Dentures (MDERPD) That Retained Either By CAD-CAM Designed Telescopic Crown Retainers Or CAD-CAM Designed Conventional Clasp.

Materials and Methods: 42 Partially Edentulous Patients Were Selected And Randomly Allocated Into Two Identical Groups. Group (1) Received A (MDERPD) Retained With CAD-CAM Designed Telescopic Crown Retainers. Group (2) Received A (MDERPD) Retained With CAD-CAM Designed Conventional Clasp. Each Group Evaluated As Regarding The Quality Of Life Through The Arabic Version Of OHIP-EDENT Questionnaire. The Digital Electromyography (EMG) Is Used To Record The Muscle Activity Of Anterior Temporalis And Masseter Muscles. Conclusion: CAD-CAM Designed Telescopic Crown Retained RPD Improved The Quality Of Life And Muscle Activity Of Partially Edentulous Patients More Than CAD-CAM Designed Clasp Retained RPD.

Nada Ashraf Ali Elmeligy, Amr Ezzat And Hany Saber,

ABSTRACT


Aim: The Study Was Conducted To Explore The Relationship Between The Children�s Age And Gender And Their Preoperative Fear Level As Measured By The Children�s Fear Survey Schedule-Dental Subscale (CFSS-DS), Their Behavior During Treatment As Measured By The Modified Venham Scale And Their Postoperative Fear Level As Measured By The Children�s Fear Survey Schedule-Dental Subscale (CFSS-DS) In The First Dental Visit. Methods: This Study Was Conducted On 46 Children Aged Between 5 And 7 Years. Questionnaires Used Were The Children�s Fear Survey Schedule-Dental Subscale (CFSS-DS) And The Modified Venham Scale. Behavior Was Registered On A Video Recorder And Scored By Independent Observers Using The Modified Venham Scale. Treatment Consisted Of Pulpotomy Followed By Zinc Oxide And Eugenol Dressing.

Results: An Insignificant Correlation Was Found Between Each Of Age And Gender And Each Of The Preoperative Fear Score, The Intraoperative Behavior And The Postoperative Fear Score. Conclusion: Age And Gender Have No Effect On Preoperative Or Postoperative Fear Scores Or On Behavior During Treatment.

Amr Temraz, Omnia Abu El-Dahab, Noha A. Ghallab And Riham Hamdy,

ABSTRACT

Objectives: This Study Is Meant To Evaluate Clinically And Radiographically The Possible Predictable Results Regarding The Use Of Amnion Chorion Allograft Barrier, Versus The Use Of Allograft Bone Putty In The Treatment Of Periodontal Intrabony Defects. Methods: This Randomized Clinical Trial Was Performed On Patients Suffering From Severe Chronic Periodontitis With 22 Intrabony Defects, The Defects Were Randomly Assigned In Two Equal Parallel Groups. The Periodontal Intrabony Defects Were Treated By OFD With Amnion Chorion Membrane (BioXclude�) As Guided Tissue Regeneration Versus Demineralized Freeze-dried Bone Allograft Putty (C-Blast�) As Bone Graft For Treatment Of Intrabony Defects. Clinical Parameters Including Plaque Index, Gingival Index, Probing Pocket Depth And Clinical Attachment Level Were Recorded At Baseline, 3 And 6 Months Post-surgery, While Radiographic Assessment Of Bone Defect Area Was Recorded At Baseline And 6 Months Postoperatively.

Results: The Clinical Parameters Recorded In This Trial, In Terms Of Gingival Index, Probing Pocket Depth Reduction And Gain In Clinical Attachment Level, Were Statistically Significant At 3 And 6 Months Post-surgically Compared To Baseline Measurements. Furthermore, Radiographic Improvements Were Observed At 6 Months Follow Up, While No Change Was Recorded For Plaque Index Reported Scores. However, No Statistically Significant Difference Was Detected Between The Two Treatment Modalities When Compared To Each Other At Different Time Intervals. Conclusion: Both BioXclude� And C-Blast� As Regenerative Techniques Provided Promising Regenerative Potentials In Management Of Periodontal Intrabony Defects. Moreover, The Uneventful Healing Process Associated With Their Use And Predictable Results Suggest Further Implementation Of Them Into Other Studies In The Field Of Periodontal Regeneration.

Aya Ezzat ElShimy, Omnia El-Sheihy And Maha Taymour,

ABSTRACT
Statement Of The Problem: Opposite To Silica-based Ceramics, Zirconia Has No Silica In Their Structure, So They Cannot Be Effectively Conditioned Using Hydrofluoric Acid. Zirconia Exhibits Weaker Bond Strength To Resin Than Other Types Of Ceramic Materials, So Repair Of Zirconia With Resin Composite Is Considered To Be Technique Sensitive And Questionable Procedure.

Purpose: The Aim Of This In-vitro Study Was To Assess The Effect Of Two Different Priming Agents On The Shear Bond Strength (SBS) Of Composite Resin Used To Repair Treated Zirconia Compared To Sandblasted Zirconia.

Materials and Methods: A Total Of 24 Zirconia Specimens (12 �10 �3 Mm) Were Sliced From Presintered ICE Zirkon Translucent Zirconia Blank Using An Isomet 98 Cutting Machine Then All The Specimens Were Sintered According To The Manufacturer�s Instructions. The Specimens Were Randomly Divided Into Three Groups According To The Surface Treatment Performed (n=8) : (1) Sandblasting With 110�m Al2O3 Particles (control Group); (2): Chemical Treatment With RelyX Ceramic Primer (RelyX Group); And (3): Chemical Treatment With Monobond Plus Primer (Monobond Plus Group). All Specimens Were Bonded To Two Resin Composite Cylinders With A Universal Adhesive System According To The Manufacturer�s Recommendations. The Samples Were Stored For 24 Hours In An Incubator At 37�C And 100% Humidity, Followed By Thermal Cycling (500 Cycles At 5�C And 55�C). The Shear Bond Strength Was Measured By The Universal Testing Machine With 500 N Load Cell And Speed Of 0.5 Mm/min. Two Representative Specimens Were Randomly Selected From Each Group To Be Examined Using Scanning Electron Microscope X1000 Magnification To Characterize The Surface Morphology Of Each Surface Treatment Method. Mean SBS (MPa) Were Analyzed With One-way Analysis Of Variance (ANOVA) Followed By Pair-wise Tukey�s Post-hoc Tests To Detect Significance Between Groups. Shear Strength Was Calculated Through The Equation: ( T = F (force) / A (area) ).

Results: The Sandblasted Specimens Of The Control Group Showed The Highest Mean Shear Bond Strength With A Statistically Significant Difference While The Specimens Of The RelyX Group Showed Higher Mean Shear Bond Strength Than That Of The Monobond Plus Group With Statistically Non-significant Difference Between Them. The SEM Showed That The Sandblasted Zirconia Had The Roughest Surface With Multiple And Deep Micro-irregularities. While For The RelyX And Monobond Plus Specimens, There Were Mild And Shallow Irregularities.

Conclusions: From The Findings Of Our Study, Sandblasting Of Zirconia With 110�m Alumina Particles Enhances The Shear Bond Strength Of Resin Composite Used To Repair Zirconia-cored Restorations After Chipping Of The Veneer Layer. Sandblasting Has A Better Effect On The Shear Bond Strength Compared To The Chemical Surface Treatment Of Zirconia With RelyX And Monobond Plus Primers. Both Of RelyX And Monobond Plus Primers Have Nearly The Same Effect On The Shear Bond Strength.

Mohamed Fouad El Marakby, Manar Yehia Fouda And Marwa Mahmoud Bedier,

ABSTRACT

Objectives: The Aim Of This Prospective Randomized Clinical Trial Was Compare Between 2% Mepivacaine And 4% Articaine For Inferior Alveolar Nerve Blocks In Patients With Symptomatic Irreversible Pulpitis In Mandibular Molars As Regards To Their Anesthetic Efficiency; During Access Cavity Preparation And Instrumentation. Subjects And Methods: Sixty-six Patients Diagnosed Clinically And Radiographically With Symptomatic Irreversible Pulpitis In Mandibular Posterior Teeth Received Single-visit Root Canal Treatment Using ProTaper Universal Rotary System For Canal Preparation, They Were Randomly Divided Into Two Groups (n=33) According To The Anesthetic Solution Used, Either Group M (3.6 Ml Mepivacaine Hydrochloride 2% With 1:100000 Epinephrine) Or Group A (3.4 Ml Articaine Hydrochloride 4% With 1:100000 Epinephrine). The Pain Was Assessed Using Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) During Access Cavity Preparation And Instrumentation, Then The Need For Supplemental Anesthesia Was Also Recorded.�

Results: There Was No Statistically Significant Difference In Pain Level Between Both Groups At The Different Observation Times. The Success Rates Were Similar In Both Groups (39.4% And 45.5% In Mepivacaine And Articaine Groups Respectively) With No Difference In The Need For Supplemental Anesthesia In Both Groups. Conclusion: The Anesthetic Efficacy Of Mepivacaine And Articaine Seemed To Be Similar, Although Both Did Not Provide Acceptable Rate Of Anesthetic Success.

Randa Abdel Rahman El Naggar, M.Adel Ezzat, M. Fouad Haridy And Shereen Hafez,

ABSTRACT
Objective: This Study Was Carried Out To Evaluate The Effect Of Bleaching On The Colour Change Of Two Types Of Composite Before And After Immersion In Coffee Staining Solutions.

Materials and Methods: A Total Of 144 Specimens Were Prepared In A Circular Teflon Mould (10 X 2mm), Then They Were Divided Into 2 Equal Groups According To Composites Used Amaris And Z350XT , Then They Were Divided To Three Subgroups According To The Bleaching Protocol ; No Bleaching, Bleaching After Staining And Bleaching Before And After Staining And Then Each Group Was Further Divided Into Three Classes According To The Staining Solutions Used ;artificial Saliva, Coffee And Coffee With Sugar And Creamer. Colour Measurements Took Place At Baseline, After Bleaching And After Staining Using X-rite Spectrophotometer According To The CIE L*a*b* Colour Space.

Results: The Results Revealed That Amaris Has The Highest Mean Colour Change, Bleaching Has A Non-significant Effect On The Colour Stability Of Composite Resin But It Can Lighten The Colour Of The Stained Composite And Finally Results Revealed That Coffee Has The Highest Mean Colour Change Among The Used Staining Solutions. Conclusion: Nanofilled Composites Are More Colour Stable Than Nanohybrid Composites, Also Bleaching Is A Viable Option To Remove Extrinsic Stains From Resin Composite.

Walaa Kadry, Mervat El Deftar, Yasmine Nassar And Maha M Hakam,

ABSTRACT
Aim Of The Study: To Clinically And Radiographically (as Regards Bone Density) Assess The Outcomes Of Unilateral Alveolar Clefts Grafted With Tissue Engineered Constructs. Patients And Methods: This Study Was Conducted On Five Patients Presented With Unilateral Alveolar Clefts And Indicated For Secondary Alveolar Bone Grafting. The Alveolar Clefts Were Grafted With Tissue Engineered Constructs Composed Of Osteogenically Differentiated Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) Derived From The Patient�s Bone Marrow And Loaded On Collagen Scaffolds (Osteovit). Postoperative Clinical Follow-up And A Radiographic 6 Months Postoperative Follow-up Using CT Scan Was Performed At 6 Months Follow Up Period. The Newly Formed Bone Density Was Measured From The CT Scans And Compared To The Native Bone Density On Axial CT Scans.

Results: The Newly Formed Bone Density Was (312.84 HU) Compared To The Native Bone (495.39 HU).

Omneya M. Elkadi, Gihane Gharib Madkour, Hala Salem Elmenoufy And Mahmoud El Refai,

ABSTRACT
Background: There Is Little Number Of Studies That Address The Inter-relationship Of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) And Periodontitis During Pregnancy. Hence, This Study Was Conducted To Provide Further Evidence In The Possible Association Between Chronic Periodontitis And GDM By Evaluating The Level Of Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-?) Of Chronic Periodontitis Patients With GDM After Phase I Periodontal Therapy. Subjects And Methods: This Study Was Conducted On 40 Subjects Divided Into 2 Groups: 20 Pregnant Females Suffering From Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Associated With Moderate To Severe Chronic Periodontitis And 20 Systemically Free Pregnant Females Suffering From Moderate To Severe Chronic Periodontitis. The Periodontal Status Of The Subjects Was Assessed At Baseline Before Phase I Periodontal Therapy And 2 Months After Completion Of The Treatment: All Subjects Have Been Screened By Comprehensive Periodontal Examination And Full Periodontal Charts Were Obtained. The Following Clinical Parameters Were Assessed To Determine The Clinical Periodontal Status Of Patients: Plaque Index (PI), Gingival Index (GI), Probing Pocket Depth (PPD), And Clinical Attachment Level (CAL). Gingival Crevicular Fluid (GCF) And Serum Samples Were Collected From Both Study Groups To Detect TNF-? Levels. Regarding The Assessment Of TNF-?, Real-time Reverse-transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT) PCR Technique Was Used.

Results: Results Of The Present Study Observed Statistically Significant Reduction In TNF-? Levels After 2 Months From Phase I Periodontal Therapy. The Current Study Showed That, There Was A Statistically Significant Positive (direct) Correlation Between TNF-? Level, PI, GI, PPD And CAL Measurement At Baseline And After 2 Months From Phase I Periodontal Therapy. Conclusion: It Is Shown That The Levels Of TNF-? In GCF And Serum Before Treatment Were Higher In GDM Group (group 1) Than In The Control Group. Thus, The Examination Of TNF-? May Enhance The Understanding Of Pathogenesis Of Periodontitis And GDM And Its Assessment In The Treatment Process May Result In Better Control Of The Disease.

Dina Kamal , Dina Elkassas And Heba Hamza,

ABSTRACT

Objectives: Investigate The Efficacy Of Biomimetic Self-assembling Peptide (P11-4) On Enamel Remineralization Compared To Casein Phosphopeptide Amorphous Calcium Phosphate (CPP-ACPF) And Fluoride Based Delivery Systems. Methods: Artificially Demineralized Enamel Windows Were Created On The Buccal Surfaces Of Forty Extracted Human Molars.. Specimens Were Randomly Assigned To 4 Groups (n=10) According To The Remineralizing Agent Used: G1- (Control, Artificial Saliva), G2- (Fluoride Varnish), G3-(CPP-ACPF Varnish), G4-(Self-assembling Peptide Agent).. All Products Were Applied According To The Manufacturer�s Instructions And Specimens Were Stored In A Daily Renewed Artificial Saliva. Surface Microhardness (SMH) Was Assessed At Baseline, After Demineralization, After 1 Week And 4 Weeks Remineralization.

Results: Self-assembling Peptide Showed The Highest Statistically Significant SMH Followed By Fluoride And CPP-ACPF While The Lowest SMH As Found In Artificial Saliva. However, No Statistically Significant Difference Was Found Between Fluoride And CPP-ACPF. Higher Statistically Significant SMH Was Found After 4 Weeks Compared To 1 Week Remineralization In All Groups.

Conclusions: Self-assembling Peptide Confers The Highest Remineralizing Efficacy Compared To Fluoride And CPP-ACPF; Showing A Promising, Non-invasive Regeneration Potential. Also, Extended Period Of Time Helped To Attain More Benefits From The Remineralizing Regimens Applied.

Mariam Adel Hosny Mohamed, Rasha Mohamed Abdel Raouf And Nour El Din Ahmed Habib,

ABSTRACT


Aim: Investigate Low Temperature Degradation (aging ) Effect Of Three Ceramic CAD/CAM Block Materials: Lithium Disilicate(LD), Translucent Zirconia(TZ) And Zirconia Reinforced Lithium Silicate(ZLD) On Their Flexure Strength.

Materials and Methods: Fourteen Disc Shaped Specimens Were Prepared From Each Material(12mm Diameter And 1.2 Mm Thickness). Seven Specimens Per Material Were Subjected To Low Temperature Degradation. While The Other Seven Were Considered As Control. All Specimens Were Subjected To Biaxial Flexure Strength Testing.

Results: TZ Had The Highest Flexure Strength While There Was No Difference Between The Others. Flexure Strength Of The Three Materials Was Not Affected By Aging

Conclusions: Aging Did Not Affect The Flexure Strength. Translucent Zirconia Has The Highest Flexure Strength While No Difference Between Lithium Disilicate And Zirconia Reinforced Lithium Silicate.

Yasmine Ashraf El Banna, Sherif Bahgat El Taweel And Sara Ahmed Mahmoud,

ABSTRACT


Aim: Testing The Microshear Bond Strength Of Self Adhering Flowable Composite And Conventional Flowable Composite To Dentine Of Primary Teeth.

Materials & Methods: Thirty Sound Human Deciduous Canines Were Collected, The Collected Teeth Were Indicated For Extraction Due To Normal Shedding, Over Retention And Orthodontic Reasons. Teeth Were Assigned Into Three Groups According To The Restorative Materials Used (n=10), Group A: Self Adhering Flowable Composite (Fusio�Liquid Dentin), Group B: Self Adhering Flowable Composite (Fusio�Liquid Dentin) + Self Etch Adhesive (Single Bond Universal), Group C: Conventional Flowable Composite (Filtek� Z350 XT Flowable) + Self Etch Adhesive (Single Bond Universal). Teeth Were Restored For Microshear Bond Strength Testing Then Samples Were Stored In Isotonic Saline Solution For 24 Hours. Then Microshear Bond Strength Was Tested Using Universal Testing Machine; Load Was Applied Till Specimen�s Fail.

Results: Group B Showed The Highest Bond Strength Values While Group A Showed The Lowest Bond Strength Values (P?0.001).

Conclusions: Self Adhering Composite Applied According To Manufacturers� Instructions Produced The Least Bond Strength Values To Dentine Of Primary Teeth. However, Its Bonding Performance Improved Significantly After Preceding It With Self-etch Adhesive System.

Nour Eldeen Mohamed, Layla Mostafa Omara, Mohamed El-Faramawey And Hesham Elsayed Elhawary,

ABSTRACT
Aim Of The Study: The Purpose Of This Study Was To Compare The Survival Rate Of Immediate & Delayed Placement Of Dental Implants, Following Narrow Maxillary Ridge Splitting & Grafting By An Alloplastic Material.

Materials and Methods: The Present Study Was Conducted On 6 Patients Using 16 Implants. The Patients Were Divided Randomly Into 2 Groups, Group I Patients: Eight Sites Were Subjected To Maxillary Ridge Splitting(anterior Region), Ridge Grafting With Hydroxyapatite And Delayed Placement Of Total Number Of Eight Implants While Group II Patients: Eight Sites Were Subjected To Maxillary Ridge Splitting, Ridge Grafting With Hydroxyapatite Followed By Immediate Placement Of Total Number Of Eight Implants. Preoperative, Immediate (one Week), 3 Months And 6 Months Post-expansion And Insertion CBCT Radiographs Assessed For Measuring The Bucco-lingually Width.

Results: During The Follow Up Period, All Patients Showed No Post-operative Complications, Wound Healing Was Uneventful In All Patients, Without Any Signs Of Wound Dehesince Or Infection, All Implants Inserted Were Stable, Which Was Detected By The Periotest. The CBCT Radiograph Showed Proper Contact Between Bone And Implant, Also Showed Increase Buccolingual Width For Both Groups Immediately Post-operative And Decrease In The Width 6 Months Post-expansion And Insertion Of Implants. Conclusion: The Recent Work Has Shown That Ridge Splitting Technique Can Be A Useful Method For Managing The Narrow Maxillary Residual Ridge In Both Groups.

Amr Taha, Ahmed M. Abd Alsamad, Hany Mahmoud Omar And Mushira M. Dahaba,

ABSTRACT

Objectives: Assessment Of The Accuracy Of Linear Measurements In Maxilla Obtained By CBCT Scanner (Planmeca Promax 3D MID CBCT Machine And Software) In Comparison With The Real Measurement Obtained From The Dry Skulls Methods: - The Study Was Performed On Thirty (30) Dry Skulls Obtained From The Anatomy Department Of Faculty Of Medicine, Cairo University. The Skulls Attached To Their Mandibles Were Radiographed Using Planmeca ProMax 3D Mid CBCT Machine. Real Measurements Were Performed Using A Digital Caliper. The Results Obtained Was Subjected To Intra- And Inter-observer Agreement Was Assessed Using Intra-Class Correlation Coefficient (ICC).Bland-Altman Plot (differences-vs-means Plot) Used To Show The Agreement Between Two Quantitative Measurements By Studying The Mean Difference And Constructing Limits Of Agreement .

Results: Excellent Correlation Was Shown Between The Maxillary CBCT Linear Measurements And Real Measurement Obtained From Dry Skulls. There Was Excellent Inter And Inter Observer Reliability. Conclusion:-Maxillary Linear Measurements Driven From CBCT Images Of Planameca Promax 3D Mid� Machine Are Accurate, Reproducible And Reliable For All Maxillofacial Applications.

Maha Sayed Mostafa Darwish Mohamed Galal Bihery , Mostafa Ibrahim Shendy And Ahmed Mohamed Salah,

ABSTRACT


Aim: Evaluation Of The Efficacy Of The Pre-shaped Resorbable Membrane On Increasing Height Of Atrophic Posterior Alveolar Ridge In Mandible VS Low Profile Titanium Mesh By Using CBCT Scan. Patients And Methods: The Study Was Conducted On 8 Bilateral Posterior Mandibular Sides Of Eight Patients Which Were Suffering From Severe Mandibular Atrophy. Each Patient Was Treated By Vertical Ridge Augmentation By Autogenous Cortico-cancellous Bone Graft Taken From Anterior Iliac Crest Of The Same Patient. In One Mandibular Side Of Each Patient Bone Graft Protected With Titanium Mesh (control Group) And The Other Side In The Same Patient Protected With Pre-curved Membrane (study Group).The Patients Were Followed Up For Six Months Postoperatively Clinically And By Cone Beam Computed Tomograms Immediately Postoperative, Which Represented The Base Line Radiographs And After Six Months, Bone Height Was Measured To Compare Amount Of Bone Resorption Of Both Groups.

Results: All Statistical Tests Were Two Sided And Performed At A Significance Level Of ^5; =.05 And By Using Student�s T-test (Student�s T-test: T = 2.414, P < .05). The Results Showed A Statistically Significant Difference Between The Resorption Rate RR Of The Vertically Augmented Alveolar Ridge Under The Membrane In The Study Group (n=8) And RR In The Control Group (n=8). The Results Showed Increase In Resorption Rate In The Study Group More Than The Control Group. Conclusion: The Resorption Rate In Augmented Bone Is Higher In Sides Where The Membrane Was Used Than The Sides In Which The Ti- Mesh Was Used Because The Membrane Loses Its Form And Its Rigidity By Humidity Before Consolidation Of The Augmented Bone.

Hend Mohammed Wagieh, Safa Fathy Abd El-Ghani And Asmaa Emad El-Din Mohammed,

ABSTRACT
Odontogenic Cysts And Tumors Have A Wide Spectrum Of Histopathologic And Clinical Characteristics, Ranging From Benign Non-invasive To Locally Invasive Or Malignant Lesions. However, Little Is Elucidated About Their Pathogenesis. The Aim Of Study Was To Evaluate The Immunohistochemical Expression Of Claudin-1 And Claudin-3 In The Most Common Odontogenic Lesions. Comparing The Expression Levels Of These Two Markers Among Those Lesions And Finally, Correlation Of The Obtained Results With Their Biological Behaviors Were Also Performed. Forty Archival Cases Of Radicular Cyst, Odontogenic Keratocyst, Unicystic Ameloblastoma And Ameloblastoma (10 Cases Each) Were Stained With Hematoxylin And Eosin For Histological Examination. Streptavidin-biotin Method Was Used For Immunohistochemical Staining By Anti Claudin-1 And Anti Claudin-3 Antibodies. Our Results Revealed That The Expression Level Of Both Markers Was Gradually Decreased Starting From Radicular Cyst To Odontogenic Keratocyst, Unicystic Ameloblastoma Until Reaching Its Lowest Value In Ameloblastoma. The Statistical Analysis Of The Current Work Revealed A Highly Significant Difference In Area Percentage Of Both Markers Among The Examined Groups. In Addition, The Area Percentage Of Claudin-1immunoexpression Was Much Higher Than That Of Claudin-3, And The Correlation Between Both Markers Was Positive. In Conclusion, Claudins-1 And -3 Could Be Useful Prognostic Biomarkers In Odontogenic Lesions. However, Claudin-1 Is More Specific For Odontogenic Lesions Than Claudin-3. Besides, They Could Aid In Differentiation Of The Neoplastic From Non-neoplastic Odontogenic Lesions And Could Be Auxiliary Indicators Of Aggressiveness And Invasion Potentials.

Mohamed A Mokhtar , Eman Anwar , Jylan El Guindy And Nadia Fahmy,

ABSTRACT

Objectives: The Goal Of This Study Was To Show The Bond Strength Of Contaminated Zirconia Copings Cemented With Ceramir Cement With And Without The Addition Of Ivoclean Cleansing Paste. Materials And Methods : 36 Zironia Copings Were Milled Using A Cad Cam Machine Were Divided In To 3 Equal Groups (n=12) To Be Cemented On Freshly Extracted Human Molar Teeth. Group 1: Group 1 (control): Ceramir Cement Was Placed On The Fitting Surface Of The Un-contaminated Zirconia Copings. Group 2: The Fitting Surface Of The Zirconia Copings Were Immersed In Human Saliva Cleaned Then Cemented With Ceramir Cement. Group 3: The Fitting Surface Of The Zirconia Copings Were Immersed In Saliva Then Cleaned Followed Applying Ivoclean Cleaning Paste On The Fitting Surface Then Cemented. All Samples Were Subjected To Thermocycling Followed By Pull Out Testing.

Results: No Significant Difference Was Found Between The Three Tested Groups Groups, Where Saliva Contamination Group Recorded 288.30 � 87.77 N , Ivoclean Group Recorded 312.13 �75.79 N And Control Group Recorded 324.79 � 81.84 N With A P Vale Of 0.588. Conclusion: Ceramir Cement Showed Minimal Reduction In Its Retentive Properties When In Was Subject To Saliva Contamination. Recommendation: Ivoclean Cleaning Solution Could Be Successfully Used To Improve The Retention Of Zirconia Crowns Cemented With Ceramir After Saliva Contamination.

Aya Abdelaziz Hamed, Mervat Rashed, Dalia Moheb And Ahmed Elkhadem,

ABSTRACT
Background/Objective: Traumatic Dental Injuries (TDIs) Of Permanent Teeth In Children Is A Significant Dental Public Health Problem Worldwide. This Study Aimed To Collect Data Regarding The Number Of Patients Presenting With TDIs, Teeth Affected And Type Of TDI In Children Attending The Pediatric Outpatient Clinic At Cairo University Over The Period Of One Year.

Materials and Methods: Children Aged 7-14 Years Presenting With TDI In The Year 2015 Were Examined. The Clinical And Radiographic Assessment Was Performed By One Calibrated Examiner. Andreasen Classification For TDIs Was Utilized. Further, An Interview-administered Questionnaire Was Carried Out With Parent/guardian. Chi-square And Fischer Exact Tests Were Used (P<0.05).

Results: Through Year 201), 4503 Children Were Examined. The Prevalence Of TDIs Was 7.7% (346 Children) With A Male To Female Ratio 1.6:1. Only 13.1% Of Children Presented Early Within 24 Hours. The Total Number Of Affected Teeth Was 526, Of Which 86% Of Traumatized Teeth Were Upper Central Incisors. The Most Common Dental Injury Was Enamel-dentin Fractures (40.9%) Followed By Complicated Crown Fractures (35%). Falls Accounted For (56.9%) TDIs Causes. Nearly Half Of TDIs (48.2%) Occurred At Home. Conclusion: The Prevalence Of TDIs In University Hospital Was Comparable To Other Studies. The Majority Of Children Presented Late. Therefore, Awareness Programs Need To Be Carried Out Regarding The Importance Of Emergency Care And The Advantages Of Early Treatment Of TDIs To Parents And School Teachers.

Marwa Al-Nawawy, Amr Zahran And Ahmad Reda,

ABSTRACT


Aim: This Study Aims At Evaluating The Efficacy Of PRF, As A Membrane, On The Amount Of Bone Fill In Dehiscence Defects, In Comparison To Collagen Membrane.

Materials and Methods: 20 Patients Were Selected And Randomly Assigned To Either The PRF Group (test) Or Collagen Membrane Group (control). The Dehiscence Defects Were Covered By Xenograft, Afterwards, The Selected Membrane Was Applied.

Results: At The Re-entry Surgery All Implants Were Clinically Osseointegrated. The Control Group Showed ? 60 % Defect Fill In 77.8% Of Cases, While In The Test Group Only ? 50% Defect Fill Was Achieved In 33% Of Group Cases. CM Group Showed Statistically Significantly Lower Mean Defect Surface Area Than PRF Group.

Conclusions: The Use Of PFR In GBR Procedures May Not Be Of Great Benefit. Further Research Work Is Recommended.

Manar M Abdel Zaher , Noha Ahmed Mansour And Mohammed Abdel Moneim Tawfic,

ABSTRACT
Background: Excessive Gingival Display (EGD) Commonly Referred To As A �gummy Smile� Can Be A Source Of Embarrassment For Some Patients.

Purpose: This Study Was Conducted To Evaluate Clinically, The Effect Of Lip Repositioning Surgery (LRS) Versus Botox Injection For Patients With Gummy Smiles (GS) As A Two Different Treatment Methods.

Materials and Methods: Twenty Healthy Female Patients With Age Range Of 18-35 Years Old And GD Range Of 3.5-9 Mm Were Selected For This Study. Patients Were Divided Into Two Equal Groups As Follow: Group (1): In Which Patients Were Treated Surgically By Lip Repositioning Technique, Group (2): In Which Patients Were Treated By Intramuscular Injection Of Botulinum Toxin Type A (BTX-A) At Pre-selected Sites. The Amount Of Gingival Display Was Evaluated At The Following Intervals, 2 Weeks, 1 Month, 3 Months, 6 Months, 9 Months And One Year.

Results: The Results Of This Study Showed Noticeable Reduction In The Amount Of Gingival Display For All Patients In Both Groups With No Significant Difference Between Them After 2 Weeks, 1 Month And Three Months Of Examination. After 6 Months Significant Difference Between Them Was Recorded As In Group (2) The Effect Of BTX-A Was Completely Disappeared While Patients In Group (1) Still Having Their EGD Reduced. Nine Months Later, The Effect Of LRS Also Had Been Disappeared And The Amount Of EGD Returned To The Baseline Value.

Conclusions: Both LRS And BTX-A Injection Are Effective Treatment Methods For Patients Suffering From EGD. The Results After Applying Both Modalities Are Transient, However LRS Has More Prolonged Results Than BTX-A.

Ahmed N. Elbolaty, Nadia A. Abbas And Nora M. Sheta,

ABSTRACT
Objective: In-vitro Study Was To Compare The Retention Between Two Types Of Esthetic Flexible Clasps. Acetal Versus Bre-flex2nd Edition Was Used In Bilateral Bounded Maxillary Removable Partial Denture Cases.

Materials and Methods: Standard Experimental Metal Model Of Maxillary Edentulous Case (Kennedy Class III With Modification I) Missing Right And Left Second Premolars And First Molars Was Fabricated To Be Used As Master Model To Simulate The Oral Cavity.Fourteen RPD Frameworks Were Fabricated Using Thermopress 400.Seven RPDs For Each Group,which Group (A) Acetal RPD And Group (B) Breflex 2nd Edition Each .Aker Clasp Design Was Engaged 0.02 Inch Undercut For All Clasps, Loop Was Centralized In The Major Connector. Digital Force Gauge Was Used For Both Groups To Measure The Retention.

Results: The Highest Mean Value Of Retention Was Found In Bre-flex2nd Edition (7.20 � 0.77), The Lowest Mean Value Of Retention Was Found In Acetal (5.97 � 0.75). Conclusion: It Was Concluded That The Mean Retentive Force Required To Remove The Acetal Clasp Was Found To Be Statistically Significant Lower Than This Required To Remove Bre-flex 2nd Edition Clasp.

Sara Mohamed Teama, Khaled Ezzat And Shaimaa Ismail Gawdat,

ABSTRACT


Introduction: The Objective Of This Study Was To Compare The Anesthetic Efficacy Of 2% Mepivacaine Combined With 100,000 Epinephrine With That Of 4% Articaine Combined With 100,000 Epinephrine For Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block During Access Cavity Preparation And Root Canal Instrumentation In Patients With Symptomatic Irreversible Pulpitis In Mandibular Molars, In A Randomized Clinical Trial. Participants And Methods: Sixty-six Patients With Irreversible Pulpitis Were Admitted To Outpatient Clinic Of Endodontic Department At The Faculty Of Oral And Dental Medicine, Cairo University Took Part In The Trial. Patients Were Randomly Allocated To One Of Two Equal Groups To Receive Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block Containing 3.6 ML Of 2% Mepivacaine With 100,000 Epinephrine Or 3.4 ML Of 4% Articaine With 100,000 Epinephrine. Root Canal Treatment Was Started At 15-minutes Post Injection In Presence Of Profound Lip Numbness And Completed In A Single Visit. Preoperative Pain, Pain During Access Cavity Preparation And Root Canal Instrumentation Was Recorded Using A Numerical Rating Scale (NRS).

Results: There Was No Statistically Significant Difference Between Anesthetic Efficacy Of Mepivacaine (36.4%) And Articaine (46.4%) Anesthetic Solutions. Regarding The Need For Supplemental Anesthesia, Both Mepivacaine And Articaine Anesthetic Solutions Were Similar And (48.4%) Of Patients In The Two Groups Needed Supplemental Anesthesia During The Treatment. Conclusion: Anesthetic Efficacy Of 2% Mepivacaine Was Similar To That Of 4% Articaine (both With 1:100,000 Epinephrine) In Inferior Alveolar Nerve Blocks. Neither Of Anesthetic Solutions Resulted In Effective Pulpal Anesthesia During Endodontic Treatment Of Mandibular Molars With Irreversible Pulpitis.

Maha Abd-ElSamad Ragheb El-Araby, Amira Fareed AlZogby, Heba Mohammed Taher And Amir Hafez Ibrahim,

ABSTRACT


Aim:The Aim Of This Study Was To Evaluate The Effect Of Finishing And Polishing Wheels And Disc On Surface Gloss Of Nano_filled And Micro_hybrid Resin Composite Restorations. Materials And Methods:Two Types Of Resin Composite Were Used Nano-filled Composite Resin (FiltekTM Z350 XT 3M ESPE) And Low Shrink Micro-hybrid Composite (FiltekTM P90 3M ESPE). A Total Of 90 Resin Composite Disks Of 10mm Diameter And 2mm Thickness Were Fabricated Using Specially Designed Split Teflon Mold. Specimens Were Finished And Polished Using Either Wheel (Sof-Lex Spiral Wheel 3M ESPE) Or Disc (Sof-Lex Discs 3M ESPE) Following Manufacturer�s Instructions Then The Specimens Will Be Subjected To PH Cycling Protocol. The Surface Gloss Of Resin Composite Specimens Was Measured Before And After PH Cycling Using Gloss Meter (HORIBA, Gloss Checker, IG 331, Japan). Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) Analysis Was Performed To Show The Surface Aspects Of Resin Composite Before And After PH Cycling. Mann-Whitney U Test Was Used To Compare Between The Two Composite Types. Kruskal-Wallis Test Was Used To Compare Between Finishing And Polishing Techniques. Wilcoxon Signed-rank Test Was Used To Compare Between Gloss Values Before And After PH Cycling.

Results:There Was Statistically Significant Difference Between Two Types Of Composite And Between Two Finishing And Polishing Systems. Conclusion: It Was Concluded That The Best Gloss Was Produced In The Control Group (Mylar Strips) Among The Two Composite Resin Materials Tested. Nano-filled Resin Composite Produced Better Performance In Attaining And Retaining Gloss.

Mohamed Hosni El-Shamy, Khaled Atef El-Hayes, Nermeen Hassanien, Radwa Hamed Hegazy And Ahmed Abbas Zaky,

ABSTRACT


Aim: The Aim Of This Study Was To Assess The Effect Of Low Level Laser Therapy On Bone Healing Process Of Jaw Fractures In Respect To Rate Of Callus Formation For Minimizing The Time Of Fixation.

Materials and Methods: All Dogs Were Followed Up Clinically, Radiographically And Histologically After 3 Weeks For Group I And 6 Weeks For Group II, And Data Were Statistically Analyzed.The Radiographic Assessment Was Carried Out In Order To Monitor The Changes Within The Bone Density Along The Line Of Fracture To Both Sides Of The Mandible. There Was A Significant Increase In Bone Density In The Laser Sides (left Sides) Of Both Groups Comparing With The Control Sides (right Sides).

Results: The Histological Assessment Showed Increase In Amount And Thickness Of Woven Bone And Showed Completely Mature Well Organized Compact Bone To The Laser Applied Sides In Comparison With The Non-laser Sides (control Sides). The Results Revealed That There Was A Statistically Significant Increase In Bone Density Of The Laser Sides (left) In Comparison With The Non-laser Sides (right).

Conclusions: Low Level Laser Therapy Was Proved To Have The Ability To Assist And Accelerate The Healing Process Of Jaw Fractures. LLLT Has A Bio-stimulatory Effect On Osteoblast-like Cells After Laser Irradiation And So Shorten The Duration Of Fixation Of Fractured Bone.

Mohamed N. Abass, Enas Fathelbab And Yasser F. Hussein,

ABSTRACT


Purpose: The Aim Of This In Vitro Study Was To Evaluate The Effect Of High Concentrated Light Activated Bleaching Agent On Surface Roughness And Wear Resistance Of Conventionally And CAD � CAM Fabricated Feldspathic Ceramic Restorations.

Materials and Methods: A Total Of Forty Cubic Samples Were Prepared. Samples Were Divided Into Two Equal Groups (20 Samples Each) According To Type Of Tested Ceramic. Each Group Was Subdivided Into Two Subgroups (10 Samples Each) According To Type Of Testing. All Samples Subjected To 35% HP (BEYOND Max5�) Light Activated Bleaching Gel. Surface Roughness Measurements Were Recorded For All Tested Samples Before Any Treatment To Provide Baseline Values As A Control Group. A Micro-saw Was Used To Cut Blocks (VITABLOCS�MarkII) Into Standardized Cubes. A Specially Designed Acrylic Mold Was Used For Construction Of Samples To Standardize The Shape And Dimensions Of The Cubic Samples. Predetermined Proportions Of (VITAVM�7) Dentin Powder And Build Up Liquid Was Used According To The Manufacturer�s Instructions. Twenty Teeth Caries And Crack Free (premolars) Were Collected, A Micro-saw Used To Cut Teeth Into Equal Half In Vertical Section. All Samples Stored In Distilled Water Before And After Bleaching. Samples Of Both Types Of Ceramics Were Photographed Before And After Bleaching By USB Digital Microscope With A Built-in Camera For Surface Roughness Measurements. Wear Resistance Was Assessed By Weight Loss Of Tested Samples. Weight Was Measured By Electronic Analytical Balance. Chewing Simulator Device Was Used To Simulate The Vertical And Horizontal Movements In The Oral Cavity.

Results: Results Showed That There Was No Statistically Significant Difference Between Mean Values Of Ra Of The Two Tested Ceramic Types. However, Both Tested Materials Showed Statistically Significant Lower Mean Values Of Ra Than Tooth Structure But There Was No Statistically Significant Difference Between Changes In Surface Roughness (?Ra) In The Three Groups Either Before Or After Bleaching. There Was No Statistically Significant Difference Between Mean Values Of Wear Of The Two Ceramic Types. The Wear Ranged (0.49 To 72) The Maximum Wear Was Found In (VM 7) While The Lowest Was In Tooth Structure. That Was Interesting To Find That The Wear Of Tooth Structure (0.42) Which Is Significantly Less Than Two Types Of Dental Ceramics.

Conclusions: High Concentrated Light Activated Bleaching Agents Have No Effect On Surface Roughness And Wear Resistance Of Dental Ceramic. Both Types Of Dental Ceramics (fine Structure Feldspathic Porcelain) Have Mild Abrasive Effect On Antagonist Natural Teeth. Industry Manufacture Dental Ceramics Showed More Wear Resistance Than Conventional One.

Bakr Akram Saber Al-Alousi , Ali Ali Mortada And Manal Ahmed El Sheikh,

ABSTRACT
The Aim Of The Study Was To Evaluate Caries Prevalence, Oral Hygiene Measures, Dietary Habits And Dental Care Among (6-12 Years Old) A Group Of Iraqi Children In Erbil Governorate Compared With A Similar Group Of Egyptian Children At Same Age In Cairo Governorate. Subjects And Methods : This Study Was Planned To Assess Prevalence Of Dental Caries Among A Group Of 6-12 Years Old Iraqi Children In Northern Of Iraq Represented By Erbil Governorate Compared With A Similar Group Of Egyptian Children At Same Age In Cairo Governorate. Four Public Primary Schools Were Selected From Erbil City And Outpatient Clinics Of Pediatric Dentistry And Dental Public Health Department, Cairo University From Cairo City Were Included. This Observational Study Was Carried Out On 1340 Children, Divided According To Geographic Location Into 2 Groups; 670 Children Were Iraq Study Group Children, While 670 Students Were Egypt Study Group Children.

Results: Data Were Collected Through A Questionnaire-based Survey. Structured Close Ended Questionnaire Used To Assess Their Ages, Gender, Eating Habits, Oral Hygiene Measures, And Frequency Of Dental Care. All Children Participated In This Study Were Examined For: Dental Caries Experiences In Primary And Permanents Teeth Using Def And DMF Indices.

Rehab Ali Abd ElGany Hassan, Maged M Negm And Reham Seyam,

ABSTRACT
Objective: This Study Aimed To Evaluate The Adaptability, Bioactivity And PH Of Endosequence BC Sealer (BC Sealer) And Biodentine Calcium Silicate Based Materials In Comparison To The Gold Slandered AH Plus Sealer, A Resin Based Sealer. Methods: Fifteen Extracted Human Anterior Teeth Were Prepared For Adaptability Evaluation Using Ni-Ti ProTaper Rotary Files. Teeth Were Randomly Allocated Into Three Groups (n=5/ Each Material). Group 1and 3 Roots Were Obturated Using F5 Gutta-percha Cones With Endosequence BC And AH Plus Sealers Respectively, While In Group 2 Roots Were Obturated By Biodentine. Obturated Roots Were Stored At 37? In 100% Relative Humidity For 7 Days, And Then Root Dentine To Material Interface Was Examined For Gaps Formation Using Scanning Electron Microscope. To Determine Bioactivity Thirty Root Sections Were Filled With One Of The Materials (n=10/ Each Material) And Immersed In PBS For 7and 30 Days (n =15/ Each Period). Ca- And Si-incorporation Amount Into Adjacent Dentine Was Measured Using An Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis. For PH Investigation Thirty Root Sections Were Prepared As Mentioned In Bioactivity Evaluation Then Immersed In PBS Or Butyric Acid For 7 Days (n = 15/ Each Media).

Results: Endosequence BC And AH Plus Showed More Gaps Compared With Biodentine, With No Significant Differences Among Them. Biodentine Released More Ca- And Si And Presented More Alkaline PH Followed By Endosequence BC, While AH Plus Showed The Lowest PH And Ion Release.

Conclusions: Biodentine Was Better Than Endosequence BC And AH Plus In Adaptability, Bioactivity And PH. So It Is Indicaed In Cases That Require Healing.

Nada M. Salem, Mohamed A. F. Kaddah, Mona M. Salah Fayed And Fady Hussein Fahim,

ABSTRACT
Aim Of The Study: To Compare The Two Used Methods Of Indirect Bonding Regarding (Vinyl Polysiloxane VPS Tray And A Soft Vacuum-formed Tray) The Patient�s Satisfaction During The Bonding Procedure.

Materials and Methods: A Randomized Controlled Trial Was Performed, 21 Subject With Fully Erupted Upper And Lower First And Second Permanent Molars Showing No Signs Of Enamel Defects Or Signs Of Gingival Inflammation Were Recruited In This Study. 168 Attachments Were Bonded To First And Second Molar Teeth. A Questionnaire Was Given To Each Subject To Measure Their Satisfaction Towards The Used Indirect Bonding Trays. After Placement Of Molar Tubes On The Working Model, A Vinyl Polysiloxane VPS Tray And A Soft Vacuum-formed Tray Were Fabricated, One On Each Half Of The Working Model, Then The Tubes Were Transferred To The Patient�s Dentition. Conclusion: The Vinyl Polysiloxane (VPS) And The Vacuum-formed Trays Used To Indirectly Bond Orthodontic Attachments Were Found To Be Equally Satisfying To The Patient.

Hossam Maher Mahmoud, Hatem. E. Amin, Olfat. M. Gaballah And Hussein. I. Saudi,

ABSTRACT
Background: There Are Many Tools For Identification Of Human Remains, Via Radio Graphical Imaging, Histological Processing & Microscopical Examination Of Dental Remains.

Purpose: To Assess And Compare The Accuracy Of Cemental Annulations And Con Beam Computed Tomography For Age Estimation Among Adults

Materials and Methods: One Hundred And Twenty Intact, Non-carious And Single Rooted Extracted Teeth Were Evenly Distributed According To Gender And Different Age Groups In To Four Groups. Each Group Contained 30 Extracted Teeth (10 Incisors, 10 Canines And 10 Premolars).The Ages Of The Patients Ranged From 30 To 69 Years Old. All The Examined Teeth Were Imaged By A Cone Beam Computed Tomography Scanner And Examined By Cemental Annulations

Results: For All Participants, In Total And In The Age Group Between 30 To 50 The Mean Differences Between Chronological Ages And Dental Ages Estimated By Cone Beam Were Significantly Higher Than The Corresponding Values Of The Mean Differences By Cemental Annulations While There Were No Significant Difference In The Age Group Between 50 To 69. Conclusion: For Total Participants, Teeth Cemental Annulations Method Is More Accurate Than Cone Beam Computed Tomography For Dental Age Estimation In Adult. Considering Gender, Cemental Annulations Method Is A More Accurate Age Predictor Than Cone Beam Computed Tomography Among Males And Total Female Participants. Regarding Teeth Type, Cemental Annulations Method Is A More Precise Age Estimation Tool For Premolars With Equal Accuracy Of Both Methods For Incisors And Canines.

Yasser Arafat Hassanin Amin, Basma Gamal Moussa And Nesrine Khairy,

ABSTRACT
The Aim Of The Study : Evaluation Of The Osseointegration Of Direct Laser Metal Forming Immediate Implants For Replacement Of Upper Anterior Teeth.

Materials and Methods: Twelve Patients With A Need For Upper Anterior Teeth Replacement Was Randomly Assigned To Be Treated With Direct Laser Metal Forming (DLMF) Immediate Implant (Tixos). Implants Were Loaded After 6 Months Of Placement. The Follow Up Was Clinical Evaluation Included (Bleeding On Probing, Pocket Depth, Plaque Index ,Gingival Index), A Comparison Table Between One Week After Loading And 6 Months After Loading. Radiographically A Cone Beam C.T Was Taken After 1 Week Of Placement And 6 Months Of Placement Were Evaluated For Change In Relative Bone Density Adjacent To The Implants. Results : All Implants Showed Initial Primary Stability And Good Signs Of Osseointegration With Absence Of Any Signs Of Failure. The Clinical Evaluation Was Enhanced After 6 Months Of Loading Comparing To 1 Week After Loading. The Mean Relative Bone Density Increased After 6 Months Of Implant Placement Comparing To One Week After Placement. Conclusion : All Twelve Implants Have Been Successfully Present In The Bone And Completely Osseointegrated By Complete Bone Formation And Density Around All Implants That Can Function With Good Esthetics.

Marwa Hassan Mostafa ,, Ali Abdulghani AlSourori, Amal Fathy Kaddah, Magda Ismail Ramzy, Ahmed Emad Fayyad And Wessam M Dehis,

ABSTRACT


Purpose: The Aim Of This Study Was To Evaluate Implant Stability In Single Implant Versus Two Implant Mandibular Over-denture Of Completely Edentulous Patients.

Materials and Methods: Twenty Four Completely Edentulous Patients Were Divided Randomly Into Two Groups, Intervention Group Received Single Implant Supported Overdenture, While The Conventional Group Received Two Implant Supported Over Denture. Osstell Device Was Used To Measure Implant Stability. Implant Stability Was Measured Equally For The Two Groups. At First Primary Stability Was Measured At Time Of Implant Insertion After That Secondary Implant Stability Was Measured Every Three Months Up To Nine Month

Results: Comparing The Two Groups During The Whole Study Period, The Results Demonstrated That No Differences In Implant Stability Between Two Groups. (P Value < 0.05) Conclusion Regarding Initial And Delayed Implant Stability, Minor Changes Were Observed Between The Two Groups During The Whole Follow Up Periods. Implant Stability Of Single Implant Supported Over Denture Is Closer To Two Implant Supported Over Denture.

Marwa Abd El-Aziz Abd El-Wahab El-Sayed, Zeinab Ahmed Hussein El-Shorbagy And Manal Ahmed El-Ebiary And Emad Abd-Allah Mabrouk,

ABSTRACT


Purpose: The Aim Of This Study Is To Compare Acrylic, Acrylic Reinforced With Glass Fibers And Flexible Acrylic Denture Base For Single Implant Overdentures Retained By Ball And Socket Attachment.

Materials and Methods: It Was Classified Into 3 Equal Groups According To The Tested Materials. Fratigue Test Was Made For All Samples Of The Three Groups. The Dental Implant Was Embeded Vertically In The Middle Of A Cold Cured Acrylic Resin. Ball And Socket Attachment Was Used. Specimens 60 Mm Long, 1.5 Mm Thick, And 10 Mm Wide Was Fabricated From Baseplate Wax. Fabrication Of Conventional Acrylic Resin And Acrylic Resin Reinforced With Glass Fibers Samples: Chopped Glass Fibers Were Added In Concentration 5 % By Weight. Heat Polymerized Denture Base Resin Was Used According To The Manufacturer,s Instructions To Pack The Flasks. Fabrication Of Nylon Samples: Investment Is Done In A Special Flask. Deflasking Is Completed And Specimens Were Finished And Polished.

Results: It Was Found That Conventional Group Recorded The Highest Number Of Cycles Mean Value Followed By Flexible Group While Fiber-reinforced Acrylic Group Recorded The Lowest Number Of Cycles. It Was Found That Conventional Group Recorded The Highest Fatigue Strength Followed By Fiber-reinforced Acrylic Group While Flexible Group Recorded The Lowest Cyclic Flexure Strength Mean Value. The Result Of This Study Show That No Breakage Occurs To The Flexible Samples. Conclusion: Conventional Group Recorded The Highest Fatigue Strength Then Fiber-reinforced Acrylic Group Followed By Flexible Group.

Mohamed A. Bassyouni, Ahmed El Barbary And Amr Zahran,

ABSTRACT
Objective: To Compare The Amount Of Periimplant Defect Reduction (VDD And HDD) And Buccolingual Dimension Reduction With And Without The Placement Of Beta Tricalcium Phosphate Into The Buccal Periimplant Defect Following Implant Installation Into Fresh Extraction Socket. Materials And Methods:16 Implants Were Placed Into 16 Patients, 8 Implants In The Test Group (grafted) And 8 Implants In The Control Group (non-grafted). Buccolingual Dimension Was Measured On The Preoperative CBCT, While The Horizontal And The Vertical Defect Dimension Were Measured Clinically Using A UNC Periodontal Probe Following Immediate Implant Placement. After 6 Months Of Healing, A Second CBCT Was Taken For The Evaluation Buccolingual Dimension Reduction And The Implants Were Exposed Using ��M�� Flap Technique For Direct Bone Measurements. In The Test Group, The Defects Were Completely Filled While In The Control Sites, There Was Variability In The Amount Of Bone Fill. Results : Regarding The Change In The Buccolingual Dimension, Results Showed That There Was Statistically Significant Difference Between Groups. The Reduction In The Vertical (VDD) And Horizontal (HDD) Defect Dimension Was Statistically Significant In Each Group Between The Baseline And The Re-entry After 6 Months And Between Groups After 6 Months. Conclusion: Although The Placement Of Biosorb (?-TCP) In The Buccal Peri-implant Defect Did Not Counteract The Bone Dimensional Alteration After Tooth Extraction And Immediate Implant Installation, It Contributed To Decreasing The Magnitude Of Buccolingual Dimension Reduction. Both Treatment Approaches Produced Significant Reduction In The Vertical As Well As The Horizontal Periimplant Defect Dimension. However, The Placement Of The Bone Graft Into The Buccal Peri-implant Defect Produced Better Bone Fill Compared To Spontaneous Healing Of The Defect.