Mona E. Shabana, Salma H. Al-Ashry And Ahmed M. Ghobashy,

ABSTRACT
Objective: The Aim Of The Current Study Was To Compare Between Rotation Motion (ProTaper Universal And ProTaper Gold) And Reciprocation Motion (WaveOne And WaveOne Gold) In Shaping Ability Of Curved Root Canal By Assessment Of Canal Transportation, Centering Ability And Remaining Dentin Thickness And Changes In Canal Curvature Using CBCT Methods: Forty Extracted Human Mandibular First Molars With Mesiobuccal Canal Curvature Ranged 20-35 Degrees Were Used In The Study. Decoronation Of The Teeth At 15 Mm Length Each Tooth Was Radiographed From The Buccal View With #15 K-file Inside The Mesio-buccal Canal Adjusted To The Apical Foramen Using Vista Scan Digital X-ray Machine And Schneider Angle Was Measured. Teeth Will Be Classified Into Two Main Groups Group I With 20 Teeth For Rotation Motion And Group II For Reciprocation Motion. Each Group Will Be Further Subdivided Into Two Subgroups According To The Type Of File System .Sub Group A For Universal System And Group B For New System. Group I: Ten Teeth Were Shaped Using PU For Subgroup A And Another Ten Teeth Were Shaped Using PTG For Subgroup B According To The Manufacture Instructions And Ending Up To File F2. Group II Subgroup A And Subgroup B Ten Teeth Were Shaped Using Primary WO 25/.07 With X Smart Plus Motor In Subgroup A, Another Ten Teeth Were Shaped Using Primary WOG 25/.08 With X Smart Plus Motor With Wave One Gold Setting In Subgroup B. Both Systems Were Used According To Manufacturer Instruction. Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography With Fused Image, Subtracting The Un-instrumented Dentin From The Instrumented Canal Using On Demand3D Software, Axial Cuts Were Carried Out At 3mm, 5mm And 7mm In The Root. Assessment Of Degree And Direction Of Transportation, Centring Ability And Change In Canal Curvature Was Done Using CBCT. Data Were Collected, Tabulated And Statistically Analyzed In Tables And Figures. Friedman?s Test Was Used To Compare Between The Different Levels Within Each System. Dunn?s Test Was Used For Pair-wise Comparisons When Friedman?s Test Is Significant.

Results: In BL Direction, At 5 Mm Root Level, ProTaper Gold Showed The Statistically Significantly Highest Mean Centering Ratio, While ProTaper Universal Showed The Statistically Significantly Lowest Mean Centering Ratio. There Was No Statistically Significant Difference Between The Four Systems Regarding Change In Canal Curvature Conclusion: The Two Motions Were Comparable As Regards To The Amount Of Dentin Removal, Except At 7 Mm, Reciprocation Revealed Lower Mean Value.As Regards Transportation Direction, The Four Systems Had A Tendency Toward Transportation To The Mesial Direction.Reciprocation Motion Exhibited Superior Performance Compared With The Rotation Motion In Transportation At 7 Mm The Four Different File Systems Straightened Root Canal Curvature Similarly.

Alaa Fathi Abdel-Salam, Mohamed Fouad Haridy And Mohamed Riad Farid,

ABSTRACT
This Study Was Conducted To Evaluate The Fracture Resistance Of Premolars Restored With Nanohybrid Composite Vs Bulk Fill RBC ?BFC ?. 40 Sound Premolars Were Divided Into Four Groups (n=10). Group 1: Sound Teeth ?positive Control?, Group 2: Prepared Teeth With MOD Cavity Preparations ?negative Control?, Group 3: Premolars With MOD Cavity Preparation Restored Incrementally With Nanohybrid RBC (Grandio?, VOCO, Germany). Group 4: Premolars With MOD Cavity Preparation Restored By Bulk Fill RBC (x-tra Fil?, VOCO, GERMANY). Load Was Applied On Specimens Using Universal Testing Machine With Crosshead Speed 1 Mm/minute Till Fracture. The Outcome Is The Load At Which The Specimen Was Fractured In Newton. Sound Teeth (1336.03�105.48) Showed Highest Fracture Resistance (N), Followed By Nanohybrid RBC (1053.8�114.99) And BFC (1028.72�94.68) With An Insignificant Difference Between Them; Followed By Negative Control (611.55�93.39) At �0.001.

Abdullah Ahmed Hassanien, Zainab Diaa El-Din Soliman, Farid Sabry El-Askary And Mokhtar Nagy Ibrahim,

ABSTRACT
Continuous Exposure Of Dental Hard Tissues And Resin Based Restorative Materials To Various Beverages And Tooth Brushing Might Lead To Deterioration Of Surface Properties Of Materials Which Might Complicate Their Repair Potentiality Especially In Non-carious Lesions. This In Vitro Study Aimed To Evaluate The Shear Bond Strength Of RMGIC-to- RMGIC And RMGIC-to-Enamel Submitted To PH-cycling And Mechanical Tooth-brushing. Three Hundred And Twenty Resin Modified Glass Ionomer (Fuji II LC) And Bovine Enamel Specimens Were Submitted To Dynamic PH-cycling In Coca-Cola Soft Drink, Milk And Orange Juice. Control Specimens Were Prepared And Left In Distilled Water Without Submission To PH-cycling Protocol Or Mechanical Tooth-brushing. The PH-cycling Was Done Over A Period Of 1 Month That Involved Immersion In Different Beverages For 5 Minutes, 3x/day And Specimens Were Kept In Artificial Saliva Between Cycles. Mechanical Tooth-brushing Was Performed To The Specimens After The First And Third PH Cycles Daily For 2 Minutes Each, Using Tooth-brushing Simulating Device. Specimens Were Divided According To Surface Treatments (diamond Bur Grinding, 10% Polyacrylic Acid, Grinding/10% Polyacrylic Acid And No-treatment) Into 4 Subgroups (n=10). Shear Bond Strength Test Was Performed After 24 Hours. The Surface Morphology Of Specimens Subjected To PH-cycling And Mechanical Tooth-brushing Was Analyzed Using Scanning Electron Microscope. Results Showed That With RMGIC, The Highest SBS Was Recorded With The Grinding/10%PAA Groups While The Lowest With The No-treatment Group. For The Enamel; Highest SBS Was With 10%PAA And The Lowest With Surface Grinding. Shear Bond Strength Of RMGIC-to-RMGIC Or RMGIC-to-enamel Is Influenced By The Different Surface Treatments Used.

Wesam Osama Hassan, Geraldine Mohamed Ahmed, Olfat Gamil Shaker And Shamiaa Ismail Gawdat,

ABSTRACT


Aim: The Aim Of This Prospective, Randomized, Single-blind, Clinical Trial Was To Evaluate The Effect Of Combination Of Calcium Hydroxide Paste With 2 % Chlorhexidine Gel As Intracanal Medication In Comparison With Calcium Hydroxide Paste Alone On Post-operative Pain At 4, 24, 48 Hours And 14 Days After The First Visit And Its Effect On Bacterial Endotoxins In Teeth With Necrotic Pulp. Methods: Forty Five Patients Aged 15-66 Years With Single Rooted Tooth With Necrotic Pulp Were Subjected To Conventional Root Canal Treatment In Two Visits. All Patients Were Divided By Randomization Into 3 Groups, Each Group Contained 15 Patients (n=15). Group A Was Subjected To Calcium Hydroxide Combined With 2% Chlorhexidine Gel For Two Weeks; Group B Was Subjected To Calcium Hydroxide Paste For Two Weeks, While Group C Was Subjected To No Intracanal Medication For Also Two Weeks. Post-operative Pain Was Assessed By Using Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NRS) At 4, 24, 48 Hours And 14 Days After The First Visit, While Endotoxin Assessment Was Performed By Limulus Amebocyte Lysate Test By Taking Samples From The Root Canal After Access Cavity Preparation (S1), After Chemo-mechanical Preparation (S2) Before The Application Of The Intracanal Medications And After 14 Days Before The Obturation (S3).

Results: There Was No Significant Difference Between The Three Groups Regarding The Main Demographic Data Including: Age, Gender And Tooth Type (p>0.05). ). Results Showed No Significant Difference Between The Three Groups Regarding Post-operative Pain Incidence After 4, 24, 48 Hours And 14 Days Postoperatively (p>0.05). Regarding Endotoxin, Results Showed That There Was Significant Difference Between The Three Groups At S1, S2 And S3 (p<0.05). Conclusion: The Application Of Calcium Hydroxide Combined With 2 % Chlorhexidine Gel, Calcium Hydroxide Or Without The Application Of Intracanal Medicaments Didn?t Seem To Affect On Postoperative Pain At 4, 24, 48 Hours And 14 Days, While Its Application Has An Effect On Endotoxin Concentration In Teeth With Necrotic Pulp.

Moataz Meabed And Azza Ezz Elarab,

ABSTRACT


Introduction: The Treatment Of Totally Or Partially Edentulous Patients With Osseointegrated Implants Is An Increasing Part Of Daily Dental Practice. The Greater Aesthetic And Functional Demands Made By These Patients Have Created A Constant Pressure To Find A More Esthetic Implants Material. Zirconia Implants Display Features Of Osseointegration Similar To Those Of Titanium Implants
Objectives: To Compare And Evaluate Clinically And Radiographically The Use Of One Piece Customized Zirconia Implant With Surface Treatment Using Selective Infiltration Etching Technique And Titanium Implant In Aesthetic Zone

Materials and Methods: Sixteen Patients Were Selected For The Study, Divided Into Two Groups. Group I Received The Zirconia Implants And Group II Received Titanium Implants. Two Implants Failed In Group I And One Implant Failed In Group II.

Results: Sixteen Patients Were Selected For The Study, Divided Into Two Groups. Group I Received The Zirconia Implants And Group II Received Titanium Implants. Two Implants Failed In Group I And One Implant Failed In Group II. Conclusion: Within The Limitation Of This Study, The Use Of Custom-made One-piece Zirconia Dental Implant Resulted In The Same Level Of Esthetics In Comparison To Titanium Dental Implant

Amany Mohamed Bayoumi, Mai Mahmoud Yousry And Rasha Rafaat Hassan,

ABSTRACT
Objective: This Study Was Conducted To Evaluate The Surface Roughness Of Machinable Ceramic, Composite, And Hybrid Blocks Before And After Erosion And/or Abrasion Challenge.

Materials and Methods: A Total Of 90 Specimens Of Ceramic, Hybrid And Composite CAD/CAM Blocks Were Tested In The Study. They Were Divided Into 3 Main Groups Of 30 Specimens Each, Then Subdivided Into 3 Subgroups Of 10 Specimens Each According To Challenge. First, Erosion Challenge; Where Specimens Were Exposed To Pepsi-Cola ,Second, Abrasion Challenge; Where Half Of The Specimen Of This Subgroup Were Subjected To The Abrasion Using Powered Toothbrush With A Dentifrice, While The Other Half Was Subjected To Toothbrush Abrasion Without Toothpaste. And Third, Erosion/Abrasion Challenge Where The Specimens Were Subjected To An Erosive Followed By An Abrasive Challenge Either With Or Without An Abrasive Toothpaste. For Each Specimen, An Optical Profilometer Was Used To Record The Surface Roughness Before (baseline) And After The Erosive And/or Abrasive Challenge. Surface Roughness (Ra) Was Then Calculated And Statistically Analyzed Using Three-way ANOVA And Bonferroni?s Post-hoc Test.

Results: Regarding The Surface Roughness Results, With Different Challenges Either Before Or After Brushing, Without Or With Toothpaste; There Was No Statistically Significant Difference Between Mean (Ra) Of The Three Materials. Conclusion: The Surface Roughness Of CAM/CAM Blocks Was Not Influenced By Any Of The Tested Erosion And/or Abrasion Challenges.

Sara Alaa El-Din Mohammed Kamal, Shereen Adel Ameen And Zeinab Nabil Emam,

ABSTRACT
The Aim Of The Present Study Is To Evaluate The Marginal Accuracy And Fracture Resistance Of Milled Zirconia Restorations Using Two Finish Line Types, Two Veneering Techniques And Two Margin Designs.

Materials and Methods: Two Specially Constructed Metal Dies Were Machine Milled Representing Upper First Premolar Preparation To Receive All-ceramic Restoration. The First Die Had Deep Chamfer Finish Line; While The Second Die Had Shoulder Finish Line.A Total Number Of Forty Zirconia Copings Was Constructed. They Were Divided In Two Main Groups, 20 Samples Each (deep Chamfer And Shoulder Finish Lines) And Were Subdivided Into Two Equal Subgroups (10 Samples Each) (layering And Pressing Techniques) And Further Sub Divided Into Two Equal Sub Divisions (5 Samples Each) (zirconia Margin And E.max Margin). Zirconia Copings Were Constructed On Prefabricated Metal Dies Using The Zirkonzahn CAD/CAM System; Also CAD Wax Was Constructed For Press On Technique With The Same System.Either Layering Or Pressing Veneering Techniques Were Performed According To Manufactures Instructions.Marginal Accuracy And Fracture Resistance Were Used As Testing Methods.Scanning Electron Microscope Was Used To Detect The Mode Of Failure.

Results: Mann-Whitney U Test Was Used To Compare Between The Two Finish Line Types, Two Techniques As Well The Two Margin Types. It Was Found That No Difference When Using Either Finish Line Type, Veneering Technique Or Either Margin Designs On Marginal Accuracy Or Fracture Resistance Values. Conclusion: A More Conservative Finish Line Might Be Preferred With All Ceramic Restorations. The Pressing Veneering Technique Would Positively Influence The Longevity Of All Ceramic Restorations. When Fracture Resistance Is Considered, Zirconia Margin Would Yield To Outstanding Longevity Of All Ceramic Restorations.

Heba M. Refaat, Salah El Behery, Manal El Sheikh And Osama I. El Batawy,

ABSTRACT
Objective: To Evaluate The Clinical Effectiveness Of Mouthwash Containing Pomegranate Peel Extract And Chlorhexidine Mouthwash On Bleeding On Brushing And Counting Of Streptococcus Mutans Among A Group Of Children With Permanent Dentition.

Materials and Methods: A Randomized, Controlled, Clinical Trial Was Carried Out Comprising A Sample Of 60 Children Aged Twelve To Fifteen Years. The Sample Was Divided Into Two Groups: Group I: Administration Of 0.12% Chlorhexidine Mouthwash Twice A Day For 14 Days; And Group B, Administration Of Pomegranate Peel Extract Mouthwash . Sulcus Bleeding Index Was Used To Evaluate Gingival Inflammation On The Days 0 And 30 While Counting Of Streptococcus Mutans Was Evaluated On The Days 14 And 30.

Results: In The Control Group, The Findings Showed That Chlorhexidine Mouthwash Significantly Reduced The Mean Values Of SBI And Counting Of Oral Streptococci. In The Study Group, The Findings Also Showed That Pomegranate Peel Extract Mouthwash Significantly Reduced All The Variables. However, The Findings Showed That Chlorhexidine Mouthwash Significantly Reduced Counting Of Streptococcus Mutans Higher Than Pomegranate Peel Extract Mouthwash. Conclusion: Pomegranate Peel Extract Mouthwash Wa Not As Effective As Chlorhexidine Mouthwash In Reducing The Count Of Oral Streptococci But It Was Effective In Reducing Gingival Inflammation.

Mohammed Hamed , Cherif Adel Mohsen And Shams Waaz Amgad,

ABSTRACT

Objectives: The Aim Of This Study Is To Evaluate The Influence Of Chlorhexidine Application On Retentivity And Sealing Ability Of Fiber Post. Methods: A Total Of Forty(n=40) Extracted Root Teeth Will Be Selected For This Study, Decronaized And Endodontically Treated. Specimens (n=40) Were Divided Into 2 Groups According To The Type Of The Irrigant Used During Endodontic Treatment. Each Group Was Subdivided Into 2 Subgroups According To Luting Agent And Each Subgroup Was Further Divided Into Two Classes According To The Test Which It Was Subjected. Five Samples Of Each Subgroup Will Be Subjected To Sealing Ability Test By Using SEM For Measurement And The Other 5 Samples Of Each Subgroup Will Be Subjected To Retentivity Test By Using Universal Test Machine.

Results: Dual ?cured Luting Agent Showed High Retention And Adaptation When Compared To Self-adhesive Cement.

Mohammed G. Al-Kashlan, Nagwa A. Ghoname And Hamed M. Al-Sharkawy,

ABSTRACT

Objectives: The Aim Of This Study Was To Assess Dental Age In Children With ?-thalassemia Major.

Materials and Methods: The Study Sample Was Comprised Of Sixty Children; Thirty Children With ?-thalassemia Major (17 Boys & 13 Girls) Aged From Six To Twelve Years Old, They Are Regularly Attending The Outpatient Clinic Of Pediatric Department, Faculty Of Medicine, Tanta University. The Other Thirty Healthy Children Were Selected From Pedodontic Clinic, Faculty Of Dentistry, Tanta University As A Control Group Matching Their Gender And Age.

Results: The Thalassemic Patients Showed A Delay In Their Dental Development With An Average 1.10+0.88 Years. Conclusion: The Thalassemic Patients Showed A Delay In Their Dental Development And Pediatric Dentists Must Be Mindful Of The Effect Of Delay In Dental Development For Early Diagnosis And Treatment Timing.