Hanan A. Abushawaly, Basma G.Moussa, Heba M. Kamel And Dawlat E. Gomaa,

ABSTRACT
The Main Objective For Conducting This Study Was To Evaluate The Effect Of PRF On Wound Healing After Surgical Repair Of Cleft Palate, How It Could Decrease Incidence Of Fistula And To Show If It Had A Noticeable Role In Minimization Of The Post-operative Bleeding. One Case Of The Control Group Showed Wound Dehiscence. However, Post-operative Healing Between The Two Groups Was Statistically Insignificant. Amount Of Postoperative Bleeding Was Insignificant; It Was Mostly Related To The Extent Of The Surgical Field And Time Of Surgery.

Moshira Abd El-Kader Abd El-Maksoud, Ali Ali Mortada And Dalia Mohammad Moheb,

ABSTRACT
Background: Dental Caries In Preschool Children Remains A Major Dental Public Health Problem And Affects Significant Numbers Of Children In Developed And Developing Countries. The Incidence Is Increasing In Developing Countries, Such As Egypt, Because Of Lifestyle Changes, Absence Of Oral Health-preventive Services And Inadequate Access To Oral Health Care.

Aim: Assess The Prevalence Of Dental Caries Among A Group Of Preschool Children Aged From 3 To Less Than 6 Years Old In EL-Mansoura City, (one Of The Egyptian Governorates). Subjects And Methods: 1320 Children Of Both Sexes Were Investigated By One Examiners For Dental Caries Using The Dmf Index According To The WHO Method. Result: 72% Of The Studied Children Have Already Experienced Dental Caries At The Age Of 3 To Less Than 6 Years (953 Children) While The Other 28% Of Children Were Caries-free (367 Children). Children Of Highly Educated (high) Level Of Parents Were Found Have Lower Dmf Level While Higher Dmf Were Seen In Primary Education (low) Level Of Parents. Conclusion: The Prevalence Of Dental Caries Was Found To Be High Among 3 To Less Than 6 Years Preschool Children, And Caries Experience Increased With Age. This Was Mostly Associated With Sugar Consumption So There Is A Real Need To Make Improvements At Level Of Parent Dental Health Education Level, Application Preventive Measures, And Dietary Habits Among Preschool Children.

Amatallah H.N. ALRawhani, Suzan A.W. Amin And Shaima?a I. Gawdat,

ABSTRACT


Aim: The Aim Of This Prospective, Randomized, Double-blind, Clinical Trial Was To Evaluate The Effect Of A Preoperative, Single, Oral Dose Of 50 Mg Diclofenac Potassium (DP) On The Anesthetic Success Of Buccal Infiltration (BI) With 4% Articaine With Epinephrine 1:200,000 In Mandibular Molars With Symptomatic Irreversible Pulpitis (SIP). Methods: Seventy, Endodontic Emergency Patients With SIP Randomly Received Either 50 Mg DP (Diclofenac Group, N=35) Or Placebo (Placebo Group, N=35) Tablets One Hour Before The Initiation Of Endodontic Therapy. Each Patient Received A BI With 4% Articaine With Epinephrine 1:200,000. Intraoperative Pain Intensity And Incidence At The Different Pain Categories (No, Mild, Moderate, Severe) Was Assessed Using Heft-Parker Visual Analogue Scale (HP-VAS). Success Of Anesthesia Was Defined As No-or-mild Pain During Endodontic Treatment. Data Were Statistically Analyzed And The Significance Level (�) Was Set At 0.05.

Results: There Was No Significant Difference Between The Two Groups Regarding The Main Baseline Characteristics Including: Age, Gender, Pre-operative Pain And Canal-number Distribution (p>0.05). Results Showed No Significant Difference Between Both Groups Regarding Intraoperative Pain Intensity, Pain Incidence Or Success Of Anesthesia (p >0.05). Conclusion: Preoperative Administration Of A Single, Oral Dose Of 50 Mg DP Did Not Seem To Affect The Intraoperative Pain And Success Of BI In Mandibular Molars With SIP.

Lina A.M. Helmy , Samia M.Kamal And Marwa M.S. Abbass,

ABSTRACT

Objectives: The Current Study Was Performed To Investigate And Compare The Effect Of Fructose As A Natural Sweetener To An Artificial Sweetener (Aspartame) On The Integrity Of Submandibular Salivary Gland Of Albino Rats. Design: Forty Two Male Albino Rats Were Divided Into Three Main Equal Groups, Twenty Eight As Aspartame And Fructose Groups (Group I) And (Group II) That Were Given Aspartame In A Daily Dose Of 40mg/kg Body Weight And Fructose In A Ratio 10% Of Diet Respectively Dissolved In Distilled Water Via Gastric Tube Over A Period Of 12 Weeks. The Remaining 14 Rats Were The Control Group (Group III) That Were Given Daily Distilled Water Via Gastric Tube. The Submandibular Glands Were Dissected And Examined Histologically, Immunohistochemically For NF-?B And P53 As Well As Histomorphometrically.

Results: The Histopathological Results Revealed Degenerative Effects On Acini And Duct Systems Following Administration Of Aspartame And Fructose. Immunohistochemical Results Showed Significant Differences Between Aspartame And Fructose Groups In Terms Of NF-?B And P53 Expression. Conclusion: Despite That Aspartame Aministration Showed Degenerative Effects On Submandibular Glands, The Most Prominent Adverse Effect Was Found Associated With Fructose Administration .

Zyad G. Kinawy, Mohamed Abou El Yazeed, Wael Abd El Khalek, Mohamed S. Farag,

ABSTRACT
Objectives; Testing Different Surface Treatments On Repaired Composite Resin Filling And Reaching An Optimal Technique May Contribute To Increasing Success Rate Of Repair Which In Return Would Decrease The Need To Completely Replace The Filling, Thus Spearing The Child From Un-necessary Stress As Well As Saving Time And Money. Aim Of The Current Study Was To Compare The Influence Of Three Different Surface Treatments (Acid Etching, Diamond Stone, Sand-blasting) On The Bond Strength Of Aged-new Repaired Composite Filling (Filtek P60) Following Artificial Aging Procedures. Methods; 33 Discs Of Resin Composite Were Fabricated And Were Immersed In Distilled Water For 24 Hours. The Discs Were Then Divided Into 4 Subgroups And The Surface Treatments Were Done Consecutively (10 Acid Etch, 10 Diamond Stone, 10 Sand Blasting And 3 Control). Repair Was Then Done On The Treated Discs Then Were Thermocycled For 500 Cycles At 5�2/55�2�C Then All Were Stored In Distilled Water For 24 Hours. Shear Bond Strength Was Then Measured Using Universal Testing Machine By Loading The Samples At A Crosshead Speed Of 1 Mm/min. The Shear Force Was Applied To The Adhesive Interface Until Failure Occurred. Results; Sand Blasting Showed The Highest Mean Shear Bond Strength Values (37.18 MPa), Whereas Diamond Stone Followed Closely With A Value Of (36.55MPa). Those Groups Showed Significantly Higher Values Than Acid Etching Alone, Yet No Statistically Significant Difference Was Detected Between Them. There Was No Statistically Significant Difference Between The Acid Etching And The Control Groups. Both Showed The Lowest Means Shear Bond Strength (27.74 MPa) And (22.83 MPa) Respectively. Significance; Surface Treatments Before Repairing Composite Have A Positive Influence On Shear Bond Strength Of The Repaired Composite With Sand Blasting To Have The Highest Impact.

Mohamed S. Omar, Karim Rabie And Shereen Amin,

ABSTRACT
Statement Of The Problem: During Delivery Of All Ceramic Restorations, Clinical Adjustments Through Grinding By Diamond Burs Are Needed When The Restoration Exhibits Premature Occlusal Contacts And/or Inadequate Contours, Consequently Removing The Superficial Glazing Layer. The Efficacy Of Ceramic Polishing Systems Is A Controversial Issue In Literature.

Purpose: The Purpose Of This In Vitro Study Was To Evaluate The Effect Of Reglazing And Polishing After Simulated Clinical Adjustment On The Color Change And Translucency Of Translucent Monolithic Zirconia.

Materials and Methods: Thirty Disks Were Milled From Bruxzir Anterior Zirconia Then Glazed And Divided Into 3 Groups (n=10). Glazed-Group (G) Samples (n=10) Were Set Aside And Served As Controls. Reglazed-Group (RG) Samples (n=10) Were Ground Using The Manufacture Recommended Adjustment Kit Then Reglazed. Polished-Group (P) Samples (n=10) Were Ground Then Polished. All Test Samples (n=30) Were Subjected To Spectrophotometric Analyses Of Color Change (?E) And Translucency. A Representative Sample Was Randomly Selected From Each Group And Subjected To Xray Diffraction Crystallography, Surface Gloss Measurement And Scanning Electron Microscope Imaging. Mann-Whitney U Test Was Used To Analyze Color Change Data, One-way ANOVA Test Was Used To Analyze Translucency Parameter Data And Tukey?s Post-hoc Test Was Used For Pairwise Comparison When ANOVA Test Is Significant(�=0.05).

Results: Group (RG) Showed Statistically Significantly Lower Mean ?E (1.11� 0.72) Than Group (P) (3.23 � 0.25). Pair-wise Comparisons Between The Groups Revealed That Group (P) Showed The Highest Statistically Significant Mean TP (10.7 � 0.64), While There Was No Statistically Significant Difference Between Group (G) (8.54 � 0.67) And Group (RG) (9.03 � 0.39). Group (G) Showed The Highest Surface Gloss (62.3 GU), While Group (P) Showed The Lowest Surface Gloss (50.6 GU). XRD Analyses Revealed That Adjustment Procedures Initiated A Monoclinic Transformation Resulting In A Monoclinic Crystal Content Of 41 %. While, Reglazing Caused A Reversal Of Monoclinic Transformation And A Monoclinic Crystal Content Comparable To That Of The Control Group. Conclusion: Chair-side Polishing Resulted In A Statistically Significant And Clinically Perceivable Color Change And Clinically Perceivable Increase In The Translucency. However, Polishing Significantly Decreased The Surface Gloss Of The Tested Zirconia Specimens. Reglazed Zirconia Showed A Reversal Of Monoclinic Transformation. The Tested Brand Of Translucent Monolithic Zirconia Couldn?t Emulate The Known Values Of Translucency Of Enamel And Dentin Of Equal Thickness. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: Reglazing Is Recommended To Attain Restorations With Less Color Change, Higher Gloss, Less Perceivable Change In Translucency And To Reverse Any Crystalline Phase Transformation Caused By Chair-side Adjustments.

Mariam H. Aldamaty, Radwa Hegazy And Zeinab Amin,

ABSTRACT
Tissue Engineering Can Enhance Skin Wound Healing Through Using Scaffolds To Mimic The Natural Extracellular Matrix. Many Biodegradable Materials Used As Scaffolds Such As Poly Lactic Acid (PLA). Thus, This Study Examined The Regenerative Potentials Of Unloaded PLA Scaffold Material Contra To PLA Loaded With Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor (bFGF) In Subcutaneous Soft Tissue Defect.

Materials & Methods: 180 Adult Male Albino Rats Weighing 150-200gm. Were Divided Into 3 Groups; Group I (GI): The Induced Wound Left Without Treatments, Group II (GII): The Induced Wound Treated With Unloaded PLA Scaffold, Group III (GIII): The Induced Wound Treated With Loaded PLA Scaffold With BFGF. Each Group Subdivided Into (A&B) (30 Rats Each) According To Sacrificing Dates (7 And 14 Days Post-operatively). Specimens Of Rat?s Skin Wound Examined By Histological Examination, Immunohistochemical Reaction (ki-67), Histomorphometric Analysis And Statistical Analysis For The Immunohistochemistry Were Done.

Results: Histologically, GI.A Covered By Thin Keratin Layer With Discontinuity In Epithelium And Inflammatory Cells In (c.t). GII.A And GIII.A Revealed Normal Epithelium With Skin Appendages And No PLA Remnants. Results Of GI.B Were Similar To GI.A. While GII.B And GIII.B Showed Complete Wound Healing With Skin Appendages In (c.t) Dermis. Area Percent Of Ki-67 Revealed Highest Mean Value In GII.B, Lowest Mean Value In GIII.B With Statistically Significant Difference Between All Groups (p<0.0001). Conclusion: PLA Scaffold Enhanced Wound Healing With Superior Results To Untreated Rats, But PLA Scaffold Had Some Drawbacks As It Showed Foreign Body Reactions. Using PLA Scaffold In Combination With BFGF Overcame All The Problems Associated With The Process Of Wound Healing.

Omar M. Sammour, Farid Medhat And Hossam Kandil,

ABSTRACT

Objectives: Assessment Of Accuracy Of Cone Beam Computed Tomography And Electronic Apex Locator In Working Length Measurement Compared To The Actual Tooth Length. Methods: It Was Performed On Twenty Three Human Extracted Teeth. Teeth Was Collected From Outpatient Clinic Of Oral Surgery, Faculty Of Dentistry, Cairo University. Single Rooted Incisors And Canines, With Intact Roots And Crowns Were Used. Access Cavities Were Done To The Teeth To Provide Unrestricted Access To The Canal. The Teeth Were Numbered And Embedded In An Alginate Model Developed To Test Apex Locators. For The Electronic Measurements, The Root ZX Mini? Number Series R6 (J Morita Corp. Kyoto, Japan) Was Used. Teeth In Models Were Radiographed Using Planmeca ProMax 3D Mid CBCT Machine (Asentajankatu, Helsinki, Finland) In Oral And Maxillofacial Radiology Department At Faculty Of Oral And Dental Medicine, Cairo University. All Teeth With Models Were Radiographed Using 8 MA, (?50 Mm X 80 Mm) Field Of View (FOV) Using Stitching And Resolution Of 0.2 �m Voxel At An Exposure Time Of 12 Seconds. The CBCT Images Were Obtained By Two Blinded Calibrated Oral And Maxillofacial Radiologists With Different Years Of Experience. Real Measurements Were Performed Using An Endodontic Ruler, K-Flex File #15 Used For The Electronic Measurement Into Each Canal Until The Tip Became Visible Through The Major Foramen. Results Yielded Was Subjected To Intra- And Inter-observer Agreement Was Assessed Using Intra-Class Correlation Coefficient (ICC). Paired T Test To Determine If There Is A Difference Between The 2 Methods.

Results: There Was Intra And Inter Observer Reliability Ranging From- ICC (0.994 To 0.999) -which Was Excellent And No Statistical Significance Difference Between Apex Locator & CBCT In WL Determination. Conclusion: Measurements Driven From CBCT Images Of Planameca Promax 3D Mid? & Electronic Measurements By The Root ZX Mini? Are Accurate And Reliable For All Endodontic Applications.

Nouran El-Alfy, Omnia El-Sheihy And Reham Elbasty,

ABSTRACT
Aim Of This Study: This Paper Was Done To Evaluate The Push Out Bond Strength Of Fiber Reinforced Composite Posts Luted With Self-adhesive Resin Cement After Different Surface Treatments (Er:Yag Laser, Hydrogen Peroxide, Sand Blasting).

Materials and Methods: 24 Mandibular Premolars Were Decoronated To Leave A Length Of 15 Mm Root, And The Root Canals Were Cleaned And Shaped. Root Canals Were Filled And Post Spaces Were Prepared. 24 Fiber Posts Were Divided Into Four Equal Groups According To Surface Treatment Methods As Follows: 1) Silane Only With No Surface Treatment (control Group), 2) 30% Hydrogen Peroxide + Silane , 3) Sandblasting With 50 ?m Aluminum Oxide Particles + Silane, 4) Er:YAG Laser 1.5 W +silane. Fiber Posts Were Cemented To The Root Canal Using Self-adhesive Resin Cement. Push-out Test Was Performed Using A Universal Testing Machine. The Collected Data Were Tabulated And Statistically Analyzed.

Results: Laser Treated Group Recorded The Highest Mean � SD Value Of Push Out Bond Strength (5.668042�1.16 MPa) Followed By H2O2 Treated Group Mean � SD Value (4.400203�0.87 MPa) Then Control Non-treated Group Mean � SD Value (4.379534�1.64 MPa) Meanwhile The Lowest Mean � SD Value Was Recorded With Sand-blasting Treated Group (3.466738�0.98 MPa).

Mohamed Abdel Moneim Ahmed, Moustafa Mohamed Ahmed Hassan And Gehan Abdel-Moneim El Olimy,

ABSTRACT
Background: The Success Of Sandwich Technique Clinically Dependent On Adequate Bond Strength Between Resin Modified Glass Ionomer (RMGIC) And Resin Composite (RC). Aim Of The Study: To Evaluate And Compare The Role Of Newer Dental Adhesives In Bonding Composite Resin To (RMGIC) Liner. Material And Methods : Forty-five Specimens (4mm ? 9mm) Were Prepared By A Plexiglass Mold With Wells Prepared By Drilling Holes To Retain Resin-modified Glass Ionomer And Composite Resin The Specimen Were Randomly Divided Into Three Groups Of 15 Each : In Group I No Adhesive Was Applied Between The Two Materials, In Group II A Universal Self-etch Adhesive Single Bond 3M (SB) Was Applied And In Group III Universal Self-etch Adhesive Futurabond VOCO (FB) Was Applied. After Curing All The Specimen Were Thermo Cycled And Stored For 1 Month In Artificial Saliva In 100% Humidity At 37 Co. The Shear Bond Strength (SBS) Test Was Performed At A Crosshead Speed Of 0.5mm/min.and Calculated In Mega Pascal (MPa) The Specimens Were Examined Using Stereomicroscope At A Magnification Of 40x To Detect The Mode Of Failure , The Results Were Calculated And Analyzed Using Analysis Of Variance (ANOVA) And Post Hock- Test (P<0.05).

Results: The Mean (SBS) Of Groups 1-3 Were 7.2, 8.9, 10.5 MPa Respectively, Post Hock Test Was Used To Compare Between The Groups, A High Significant Difference Was Found Between Group I And Group III (P<0.05), No Significant Difference Was Observed Between Other Groups, (FB) Showed Higher Bond Strength Than (SB), Cohesive Failure Was The Most Common Failure Mode Observed, Followed By Mixed Mode Of Failure And Only On Adhesive Failure Mode Was Observed. Conclusion: SBS Increases Significantly With The Application Of The Adhesive Agent, The Bond Strength Between (RMGIC) And (RC) Could Vary Depending On The Type Of Adhesive.