Sharaf Mohamed Yahia, Ibrahim S. I And Eskander A.E,

ABSTRACT
Objective: To Evaluate Patients Satisfaction Of Obturator With Attachment Versus Conventional Obturator In Treatment Of Unilateral Maxillectomy.

Materials and Methods: Fourteen Patients Were Selected According To The Following Criteria : Patients Having Sufficient Number Of Natural Teeth (class I And Or Class IV Aramany Classification) Not Less Than Five Teeth, Intact Soft Palate, Sufficient Mouth Opening, Not Exposed To Radiotherapy Or Chemotherapy. Patients Were Divided Into Two Equal Groups, Each Of Seven Patients: Patients Of Group I (Comparator) Received A Clasp Retained Obturator, While Patients Of Group II(Intervention) Received An Attachment-retained Obturator (RCT). The Design Of The Definitive Obturator For Group I Included Double Aker�s Clasp On The First, Second Premolars And Molars With Alternating Buccal And Lingual Retention, Palatal Plate As A Major Connector And A Meshwork Extension At The Defect Side. For Group II, Crown Preparation Of All The Remaining Abutments Was Done. Then, In The Wax Pattern, A Lingual Guiding Plane Was Prepared And Two OT Vertical Attachments Were Attached Mesial To The Most Anterior Abutment And Palatal To The Second Premolar And First Molar. Construction Of The Splinted Crowns Were Completed And The Final Impression Was Made With The Splinted Crowns In Place To Be Picked Up Into The Impression. After Final Try-in Of The Obturator, Construction Of The Definitive Obturator Was Completed With A Hard Resin Hollowed Obturator Bulb, Functional Relining With Soft Silicone Liner For Both Groups. Evaluation Included Patient Satisfaction (primary Outcome)where Two Scales Were Followed In This Study Which Are �The Obturator Functioning Scale� And �The European Organization For Research And Treatment Of Cancer Head And Neck 35�.

Results: Patients Of Group II Were Highly Satisfied With Their Obturators, After 1, 3 As Well As 6 Months Follow-up; There Was A Statistically Significant Difference (P<0.05) For The Obturator Functional Scale Scores And The European Organization For Research And Treatment Of Cancer Head And Neck 35

Conclusions: Attachment Retained Maxillary Definitive Obturators Can Be Considered A Satisfactory Treatment Modality For Patients With Acquired Maxillary Defects. Clinical Implications: This Study May Shift The Clinical Work From Conventional Trend In Attachment Trend Which May Improve Patients Satisfaction And Quality Of Life.

Aziz F. Al-Sayed, Ghali R. Abdel Malek And Salem. Z. Amin,

ABSTRACT
Aim Of The Study: Artificial Sweeteners Such As�aspartame (APM) Are Widely Consumed Nowadays, Yet Their Long-term Health Impact Is Uncertain. The Present Work Aimed To Investigate The Effect Of Long Term Administration Of High Dose Of APM (80mg/kg.b.w) On The Structural Features Of Von Ebner�s Salivary Glands, Circumvallate Papillae And Taste Buds.

Materials and Methods: Twenty-two Male Adult Albino Laboratory Rats With Weight Range From 200 To 250 G Were Utilized In The Present Study. The Animals Were Divided Into 2 Groups; Group I: Consisted Of Eleven Rats And They Were Considered As Control Group. Group II: Consisted Of Eleven Rats And They Were Given APM (80 Mg/kg.b.w) Dissolved In Distilled Water Orally And Daily By Means Of Gastric Tube. The Rats Were Sacrificed At The End Of The Sixth Months Under Chloral Hydrate Anesthesia. The Tongue Was Subsequently Dissected And Prepared For Histological Examination Using H&E Stain, Immunohistochemical Staining Using PCNA Antibody And Finally Histomorphometric And Statistical Analysis Were Performed.

Results: The Histopathological Results After Long Term Administration Of APM Showed Partially Obliterated Trough Of Circumvallate Papilla With Hyperkeratinization. Abnormal Morphology Of The Excretory Duct Was Observed, The Ductal Lining Showed Squamous Hyperplasia With Collapsed Lumen. Severe Degeneration In The Von Ebner�s Salivary Glands With Loss Of The Normal Architecture Of The Serours Acini Were Observed With Appearance Of Signs Of Premalignancy. Immunohistochemical Results Showed Very High Rate Of Proliferative Activity After Long Term Administration Of APM In Comparison To Control Group. Conclusion: Aspartame Is Considered As A Very Harmful Premalignant Drug On Long Term Administration. So, The Public Should Be Alerted About The Adverse Effects Of Aspartame.

Eman Nabil Elezaby, Siza Yacoub Zakhary And Reham Saeed Seyam,

ABSTRACT


Introduction: This Study Compared The Effect Of 2 Rotary Nickel-titanium (NiTi) Systems; WaveOne And ProTaper Universal On Transportation, Centering Ability And Volumetric Changes Of Curved Root Canals. Methods: Thirty-four Mesiobuccal Root Canals Of Mandibular Molars (with Angles Of Curvature Ranging From 25�-35�) Were Randomly Divided Into Two Groups (n=17); WO And PU Groups. Canals Were Scanned Using A Cranex� 3Dx Machine (Soredex, Tuusula, Finland) Before And After Preparation. Root Canal Transportation And Centering Ratio Were Evaluated At 3, 5, 8 Mm From The Apex. Amount Of Removed Dentin Was Evaluated As Well. The Significance Level Was Set At P ? 0.05.

Results: There Was No Significant Difference Between Both Systems In Canal Transportation, Centering Ability And Volumetric Changes.

Conclusions: Both Systems Can Effectively Shape Curved Root Canals, While Preserving Original Canal Curvature, And Without Excessive Removal Of Dentin.

Amr Abd El-Baeth Yadak, Hussein Yahya EL-Sayed And Thuraia Mohamed Genaid,

ABSTRACT
The Aim Of The Study Was To Evaluate And Compare The Microleakage And Penetration Of A Resin Infiltrant Material (Icon�) To That Of A Resin Based Fissure Sealant RBS (Fisseal) And A Resin Modified Glass Ionomer RMGI (VitremerTM) In Induced Occlusal Fissure Caries.

Materials and Methods: Sixty Extracted Human Sound Premolars Were Utilized Where Initial Fissure Caries Was Created By A PH Cycling Procedure. Samples Were Randomly Divided Into 3 Equal Groups (n = 20) According To The Type Of The Sealing Material (group I: Icon�, Group II: Fisseal, Group III: (VitremerTM). Samples In Each Group Were Then Divided Randomly Into Two Equal Subgroups A And B Where Samples In Subgroup A Were Not Thermocycled While Those In Subgroup B Were Thermocycled In Water For 500 Cycles Between 5 And 550C. All Samples Were Immersed In 1% Methylene Blue Dye Solution For 24 Hours, Sectioned Into Two Halves Along Bucco-lingual Aspect And Inspected Under Stereomicroscope. Microleakage At The Sealant Tooth Interface Was Scored And Sealant Penetration Into The Fissure Lesions Was Rated Either Complete Or Incomplete Penetration. Data Were Analyzed Using Kruskal Wallis And Mann-Whitney U Tests (P<0.05).

Results: Kruskal Wallis Test Revealed A Statistically Significant Difference Among The Groups (P< 0.05) In The Degree Of Microleakage And Penetration, Where Group I (Icon�) Revealed The Best Results Followed By Group II (Fisseal), However The Worst Results Were Found In Group III (VitremerTM). Mann-Whitney U Test Revealed No Statistically Significant Difference Between The Microleakage Recorded In Group I And Group II (P> 0.05), While A Highly Statistically Significant Difference (P= 0.000) Was Found Between Group III Versus Both Groups I & II. Thermocycling Did Not Have A Significant Effect On Microleakage Of Any Of The Tested Materials (P> 0.05). Conclusion: Icon� And Fisseal Provided Better Sealing And Penetration Into The Non-cavitated Fissure Caries Lesion Compared To VitremerTM.

Islam Hassan, Iman Radi And Amal Kaddah,

ABSTRACT
Background: The Intolerance Of Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnea To Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Has Lead To Emergence Of Oral Appliances, The Effectiveness Of Which Is Still Doubtful. Objective: To Compare Between The Mandibular Advancement Device ((MAD) As An Intervention)) And (continuous Positive Air Way Pressure (CPAP) As A Comparator)) In The Treatment Of ((patients With OSA) As A Population) Regarding The Following Outcomes, Which Are Primarily Snoring Index And Secondarily Apnea Hypopnea Index (AHI). Data Sources: The Following Databases Were Searched Electronically; Cochrane Library (CENTRAL), LILACS, And PubMed And Grey Literature With Dates (17-19 March 2016).Hand Searching Of Nine Journals Was Done Electronically With Dates (1-5 March 2016), Study Bibliographies Were Reviewed And Authors Were Contacted. Study Selection: RCTs Comparing The Effect Of CPAP Or MAD On AHI And Snoring Index In Patients With OSA Were Selected By Consensus.

Results: Of 5737 Studies Initially Identified, 12 Were Included In This Review. A Meta-analysis Using Random And Fixed-effect Models To Estimate Pooled Differences Between Each Intervention Was Performed. 12 Studies (7 Of Parallel Design RCTs, 5 Of Crossover RCTs), Comparing Between MAD And CPAP, Were Included In This Review Reporting Results Of 553 Subjects. Seven Studies Of One Outcome (AHI) Were Assigned To Meta-analysis. As A Result Of Different Study Designs And Time, Three Comparisons Were Carried Out; Comparison 1 For Parallel Design After 3 Months Of Treatment, Comparison 2 For Crossover Design After 4 Months And Comparison 3 For Parallel Design After 12 Months. Fixed Effect Model Was Used For Comparison 1 And 2, While Random Effect Model Was Used For Comparison 3.

Conclusions: The Prolonged Use Of MAD (more Than One Year) Is As Effective As CPAP In Reducing The AHI. Quality Of Evidence, However, Is Very Low, Which Might Weaken The Recommendations. Properly Conducted RCTs With Follow Up Periods Longer Than One Year, Reporting Snoring, Apnea Hypopnea Index, Excessive Daytime Sleepiness And Health Quality Of Life Score Outcomes Are Still Needed.

AbdelAziz R. And EshaK M.,

ABSTRACT


Aim: The Aim Of This Study Was To Investigate Characteristic MRI Findings Of Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) In The Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ). Patients And Methods: 40 TMJs From 20 RA Patients Who Have TMJ Complain Were Examined By MRI. All MRI Images Were Evaluated Separately By Two Experienced Oral Radiologists With Regard To The Presence Or Absence Of Soft Tissue And/or Osseous Abnormalities, The Radiologists Were Blinded To The Clinical Symptoms And Prior TMJ Disease. The Following Joint Abnormalities Were Noted, Synovial Membrane Thickening, Pannus Formation, Bone Marrow Edema, Disk Distortion And Disk Displacement, Bone Erosion, Flattening Of The Articular Surfaces, Sub-cortical And Generalized Sclerosis, Sub-cortical Cyst, Osteophyte, Joint Space Reduction And Abnormal Position Of The Condylar Head Within The Temporal Fossa. All These Findings Were Tabled And Analyzed.

Results: MRI Clearly Detected All Joint Abnormalities With The Most Frequent Soft Tissue Abnormality Was Synovial Membrane Thickening 85% And The Least Frequent Abnormality Was Disk Distortion 15%, Where The Most Frequent Osseous Abnormality Was Condylar Head Erosion 52.5% And The Least Frequent Was Loose Joint Body 5%. Conclusion: Bony Erosion In The Condyle And Synovial Proliferation Were Considered Characteristic MRI Findings Of RA In The TMJs.

Abdel Rahman Abu Shamleh , Nahed Attia And Rima Abdallah,

ABSTRACT
Lasers Have Been Used In Many Different Fields In Medicine And Dentistry Since Their Introduction In The 1960s. They Demonstrated Bactericidal Effects Which Are Promising For Periodontal Therapy. For This Reason, They Are Used As An Adjunct To Conventional Therapy. Diode Lasers Have Been Proposed As A Novel Treatment Option In Controlling The Subgingival Microorganisms And Studying The Shift In Inflammatory Mediators. The Purpose Of The Study Was To Reveal The Activation Profiles Of Inflammatory Cytokines In Response To Diode Laser.

Materials and Methods: This Study Was Carried Out As A Prospective Randomized Split Mouth Clinical Trial. Twenty Patients Having Generalized Chronic Periodontitis With Moderate Clinical Attachment Loss, Were Treated Using Conventional Treatment (control Site) Or Conventional Treatment With Application Of Diode Laser (test Site). Blood Panel And Collection Of GCF Were Taken Before Starting The Treatment For Each Patient And 2,6 Months For Follow Up In Order To Compare The Effect Of Diode Laser As An Adjunctive Therapy To Scaling And Root Planing (SRP) In Addition To Comparing The Clinical Parameters. Data Was Collected For Statistical Analysis Using The IBM SPSS� 20.0 Statistical Package. Statistical Significance Was Set At 0.05.

Results: In This Study, Significant Differences Were Found On The Three Gingival Crevicular Fluid (GCF) Cytokine Levels Tested Before And After Periodontal Therapy. C-reactive Protein (CRP) And Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) Alpha Were The Only Cytokines That Decreased Immediately After Treatment And Remained At Significantly Lower Levels Until The End Of The Study Period. At Two Weeks Following Treatment Of Either Scaling And Root Planing Alone Or In Conjunction Of Laser Disinfection Gingival Index (GI) Level In The Test Site Ranged Between 0.1 To 0.5 Whereas In The Control Site It Was 0.5 To 1.25. As For The Inflammatory Mediators IL-1? Ranged Between 20.12 To 24.48 In Comparison To 21.22 To 26.78 In Control Site. TNFa Ranged From (1.01-3.7) In Comparison With (1.21 - 1.89) And CRP Level Was (0.39-0.67) In Comparison With (0.23-67). In All Parameters The Test Sites Showed Better Decrease In The Inflammatory Mediators And Clinical Parameters. Conclusion: Soft Tissue Laser In Adjunct To Scaling And Root Planing Enables A Decrease In The Inflammatory Response. Effective Disinfection Becomes Possible During Initial Periodontal Therapy By Introducing The Laser Beam To The Periodontal Pocket. Soft Tissue Diode Laser Maybe Beneficial As An Adjunct To Initial Periodontal Treatment.

Ahmed Mohamed Keshk, Ahmed Emad Fayyad, Eman Ahmed Maher And Amal Fathy Kaddah,

ABSTRACT
Background: Posterior Distal Extension Partial Denture Present A Number Of Design Challenges. Especially The Equitable Distribution Of Forces That May Become Adverse During Functional And Parafunctional Activities. So To Maintain Remaining Alveolar Ridges And Teeth In An Optimal State Of Health And To Provide The Patient With Improved Comfort And Function, These Forces Are Often Compensated For To Some Extent By Framework And Denture Base Design Variation.

Purpose: The Aim Of This Study Was To Evaluate The Quality Of Life And Muscle Activity For Patients Restored By Mandibular Distal Extension Removable Partial Dentures (MDERPD) That Retained Either By CAD-CAM Designed Telescopic Crown Retainers Or CAD-CAM Designed Conventional Clasp.

Materials and Methods: 42 Partially Edentulous Patients Were Selected And Randomly Allocated Into Two Identical Groups. Group (1) Received A (MDERPD) Retained With CAD-CAM Designed Telescopic Crown Retainers. Group (2) Received A (MDERPD) Retained With CAD-CAM Designed Conventional Clasp. Each Group Evaluated As Regarding The Quality Of Life Through The Arabic Version Of OHIP-EDENT Questionnaire. The Digital Electromyography (EMG) Is Used To Record The Muscle Activity Of Anterior Temporalis And Masseter Muscles. Conclusion: CAD-CAM Designed Telescopic Crown Retained RPD Improved The Quality Of Life And Muscle Activity Of Partially Edentulous Patients More Than CAD-CAM Designed Clasp Retained RPD.

Nada Ashraf Ali Elmeligy, Amr Ezzat And Hany Saber,

ABSTRACT


Aim: The Study Was Conducted To Explore The Relationship Between The Children�s Age And Gender And Their Preoperative Fear Level As Measured By The Children�s Fear Survey Schedule-Dental Subscale (CFSS-DS), Their Behavior During Treatment As Measured By The Modified Venham Scale And Their Postoperative Fear Level As Measured By The Children�s Fear Survey Schedule-Dental Subscale (CFSS-DS) In The First Dental Visit. Methods: This Study Was Conducted On 46 Children Aged Between 5 And 7 Years. Questionnaires Used Were The Children�s Fear Survey Schedule-Dental Subscale (CFSS-DS) And The Modified Venham Scale. Behavior Was Registered On A Video Recorder And Scored By Independent Observers Using The Modified Venham Scale. Treatment Consisted Of Pulpotomy Followed By Zinc Oxide And Eugenol Dressing.

Results: An Insignificant Correlation Was Found Between Each Of Age And Gender And Each Of The Preoperative Fear Score, The Intraoperative Behavior And The Postoperative Fear Score. Conclusion: Age And Gender Have No Effect On Preoperative Or Postoperative Fear Scores Or On Behavior During Treatment.

Amr Temraz, Omnia Abu El-Dahab, Noha A. Ghallab And Riham Hamdy,

ABSTRACT

Objectives: This Study Is Meant To Evaluate Clinically And Radiographically The Possible Predictable Results Regarding The Use Of Amnion Chorion Allograft Barrier, Versus The Use Of Allograft Bone Putty In The Treatment Of Periodontal Intrabony Defects. Methods: This Randomized Clinical Trial Was Performed On Patients Suffering From Severe Chronic Periodontitis With 22 Intrabony Defects, The Defects Were Randomly Assigned In Two Equal Parallel Groups. The Periodontal Intrabony Defects Were Treated By OFD With Amnion Chorion Membrane (BioXclude�) As Guided Tissue Regeneration Versus Demineralized Freeze-dried Bone Allograft Putty (C-Blast�) As Bone Graft For Treatment Of Intrabony Defects. Clinical Parameters Including Plaque Index, Gingival Index, Probing Pocket Depth And Clinical Attachment Level Were Recorded At Baseline, 3 And 6 Months Post-surgery, While Radiographic Assessment Of Bone Defect Area Was Recorded At Baseline And 6 Months Postoperatively.

Results: The Clinical Parameters Recorded In This Trial, In Terms Of Gingival Index, Probing Pocket Depth Reduction And Gain In Clinical Attachment Level, Were Statistically Significant At 3 And 6 Months Post-surgically Compared To Baseline Measurements. Furthermore, Radiographic Improvements Were Observed At 6 Months Follow Up, While No Change Was Recorded For Plaque Index Reported Scores. However, No Statistically Significant Difference Was Detected Between The Two Treatment Modalities When Compared To Each Other At Different Time Intervals. Conclusion: Both BioXclude� And C-Blast� As Regenerative Techniques Provided Promising Regenerative Potentials In Management Of Periodontal Intrabony Defects. Moreover, The Uneventful Healing Process Associated With Their Use And Predictable Results Suggest Further Implementation Of Them Into Other Studies In The Field Of Periodontal Regeneration.