Fatma Wageeh Attya, Alaa Hana Hamoud, Nahed Samy Khamees, Amr Ameen Ghanem, Heba Abd El-Wahed Abd El-Hafez And Marwa Abd El-Wahab El-Kassaby,

ABSTRACT


Purpose: Distraction Osteogenesis (DO) Typically Requires Extended Treatment Time. Treatment Is Associated With Reports Of Increased Risk Of Infection And Decreased Patients Compliance. Based On The Fact That Craniofacial Region Has Abundant Blood Supply; We Hypothesized That Rapid DO Can Be Applied In Maxillofacial Surgery. However, Many Authors Who Advocate Regular Rate DO Relate That To The Decreased Quality And Quantity Of The Resultant Bone Regenerate. Many Attempts Have Been Applied To Improve Regenerate Quality While Using Rapid Distraction.

Aim: This Study Was Done To Evaluate The Effect Of Applying Compression Or Callus Massage During Rapid Mandibular DO. Methods: A Prospective Study Was Carried Out On 21 Adult Male Goats Which Were Randomly Divided Into Three Equal Groups; Group (A) Had Distraction At A Rate Of 2mmday For 3 Days Followed By 1 Mm Compression At The Fourth Day, The Cycle Was Repeated Once With A Total Distraction Time Of 8 Days. Group (B) Had Distraction At A Rate Of 2 Mmday With A Total Distraction Time Of 5 Days And Group (C) Had Regular Distraction At A Rate Of 1 Mmday For Ten Days.

Results: Clinical And Macroscopic Results Comparing The Study And Control Groups Were Statistically Insignificant While Radiographic And Histologic Results Were Highly Statistically Significant. Conclusion: Applying Compression Or Callus Massage During Rapid Rate DO Didn?t Improve The Quality Or The Quantity Of The Regenerate.

Fatma A Hasaneen, Gaber I Masoud, Mohamed S Kamel, Amany M Korsel And Usama M Abdel Karim,

ABSTRACT


Purpose: To Evaluate Marginal Adaptation, Fracture Resistance And Deflection Of Zirconia Reinforced Resin In Comparison With Other Reinforced Materials In Short And Long Span Interim Fixed Partial Dentures (FPDs).

Materials and Methods: 140 Fabricated Interim FPDs Were Divided Into Two Main Groups. Group I: Short-span FPDs (n=70) & Group II: Long-span FPDs (n=70). Each Group Was Subdivided Into Seven Subgroups (n=10) According To Interim Materials As Follow; A: CAD-CAM Composite Blocks, B: Chemical-cured Acrylic, As Control, C: Zirconia Powder Reinforced Acrylic (experimental), D: Chemical-cured Composite, E: Dual-cured Composite, F: Polyethylene Fibers Reinforced Light Cured Composite And G: Glass Fibers Reinforced Light Cured Composite Resin. Marginal Adaptation Was Measured Using USB Digital Microscope. Fracture Resistance And Deflection Were Evaluated By Three Point Bending Test Using ?Instron Testing Machine?.

Results: Marginal Gap: Long-span FPD Recorded Higher Marginal Gap Than Short-span FPD (p<0.001). In Long Span FPDs, Zirconia Powder Reinforced Acrylic Resin (ZPRA) Was Significantly Higher Than All Other Interim Materials ((P�0.031), While In Short Span FPDs It Was Not Significantly Different From Chemical-cured Composite, Dual-cured Composite And Chemical-cured Acrylic Resin (P<0.05). Polyethylene Fiber Reinforced Composite (PFRC) Was Significantly Lower Than The Other Tested Interim Materials (P<0.001) In Long Span FPD, While In Short-span FPDs It Was Not Significantly Different Only From CAD-CAM Composite (P<0.05). Fracture Resistance: Short-span FPD Recorded Higher Fracture Resistance Than Long-span FPD (p<0.05). In Both FPDs, Fracture Resistance Of ZPRA And CAD-CAM Composite Were Significantly Higher Than The Other Interim Materials (P<0.001). ZPRA Was Significantly Higher Than CAD-CAM Composite (P=0.002) In Short-span FPDs, While It Was Not Significantly Different From Each Other (P=0.982) In Long-span FPDs. Deflection: Long-span FPD Recorded Higher Deflection Than Short-span FPD (p<0.001). In Both Groups, PFRC Recorded The Highest Deflection Mean And The Lowest Recorded For Dual Cured Composite Followed By CAD-CAM Composite. Conclusion: Zirconia Powder Reinforced Acrylic Resin Is A Promising Interim Material As It Has High Fracture Resistance. It Should Be Evaluated And Tried For Marginal Adaptation Improvement By Combining With Other Materials That Has Good Marginal Adaptation.

Ahmed Abdel Monem Abdel Emam And Wael Mohamed Mubarak Refai,

ABSTRACT
Friction Of Esthetic Translucent Arch Wires In Various Bracket-arch Wire Combinations Was Evaluated And Measured. Brackets Used Were Made From Stainless Steel (conventional) And Ceramic (esthetic). The Brackets Were Tested With 0.018 ? Round Stainless Steel (conventional) And Fiber Reinforced Polymer (esthetic) Archwires. The Stainless Steel Archwire Generated Less Frictional Force With All Brackets When Compared With The Fiber Reinforced Polymer Archwire. Ceramic Brackets Generated Higher Frictional Force Than The Metallic Bracket.

Sherif Elkishky, Abeer Marzouk And Alaa Elbaz,

ABSTRACT
This Randomized Clinical Trial Evaluated And Compared The Post-operative Pain After Using Two Different Irrigation Devices; EndoActivator And Double Side-vented NaviTip Irrigator Tip Immediate Postoperatively And 4, 12, 24, 48, 72 Hours And 7 Days In Mandibular Posterior Teeth With Irreversible Pulpitis. Participants And Methods: 60 Patients Aged Between 18-60 Years Were Included In The Study Underwent A Single Visit Root Canal Treatment. Root Canals Were Prepared Using NiTi ProTaper Next Rotary System, Then Participants Were Randomized Into Two Equal Groups According To The Method Of Irrigation: Group (A) EndoActivator (control) And 1 Mm Of 2.5% NaOCL Was Delivered Into The Pulp Chamber From A 27-gauge Syringe. The Endoactivator Tip (size #15/0.02) Was Placed 2mm From The Working Length Verified By Rubber Stops And Activated For 30 Seconds At 10,000 Cycles/min While Moving In Up And Down Motion Within 2mm. Group (B) NaviTip 31-gauge 27 Mm With Side Vented Irrigator Tip (intervention), 1 Ml Of 2.5% NaOCl Was Expressed Over 30 Seconds (14). The NaOCL Was Held In And Dispensed From A 3ml Syringe Using NaviTip 31-gauge 27 Mm With Sideport Irrigator Tip Which Has Double Side Ports. Irrigation Was Performed Within 2 Mm Short Of The Final Working Length, Which Was Verified By Rubber Stops. For Both Groups A Final Flush Of 3 Ml Of 17 % EDTA Was Used For 1 Minute To Remove The Smear Layer Followed By 10 Ml Of Distilled Water. Postoperative Pain Was Recorded Using Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) At The Previously Mentioned Periods. The Intake Of The Given Placebo Capsules And Prescribed Analgesic Tablets Were Recorded.

Results: There Was No Statistically Difference Between The Two Groups Regarding The Demographic Data, Prevalence Of Pre-operative Pain And Postoperative Pain At 4 Hours, 12 Hours, 24 Hours, 48 Hours And 7 Days(P>0.5). There Was No Statistically Difference Between Two Groups Regarding Placebo And Analgesic Tablets Intake(P>0.5). Conclusion: Based On These Findings, It Could Be Hypothesized That There Is No Significance Difference Between End Vented NaviTip And Side Vented NaviTip And Between Numbers Of Analgesics Pills Intake Between Two Groups.There Was Significant Decrease In Pain Intensity Preoperatively Compared With All Other Time Periods.

Mohy El Din Mahmoud Osama, Ahmed Hassanein Khalil And Lamia Sayed Kheirallah,

ABSTRACT
Statement Of Problem. The Recent Development Of Polymer-based Computer-aided Design And Computer-aided Manufactured (CAD/CAM) Milling Blocks (Cerasmart Hybrid Ceramics) And The Limited Availability Of Independent Studies On These Materials Make It Pertinent To Evaluate Their Properties And Identify Their Potential Strengths And Limitations. Purpose. The Aim Of This Study Was To Investigate The Effect Of Different Bonding Protocols On The Fracture Resistance Of Cerasmart Crowns Cemented Either With: Rely X Ultimate Resin Cement (total Etch Adhesive Bonding System) , Rely X Unicem Resin Cement (self Adhesive Bonding System). Materials And Methods. 24 Maxillary Human Canine Teeth Were Prepared Using CNC Milling Machine To Receive 24 Hybrid Ceramic Crowns That Were Fabricated From Cerasmart Blocks. The Crowns Were Divided Into 2 Groups (N=12each) According To The Adhesive Luting Systems. Group (A): Using Rely XUnicem Resin Cement (self-adhesive System). Group (B): Rely X Ultimate Resin Cement (total-etch System). The Crowns Were Subjected To Cyclic Loading And Fracture Resistance Test Was Done Using Universal Testing Machine (Instron). Data Were Statistically Analyzed Using Several Steps. Initially, Descriptive Statistics For Each Group Results. Student T-test Was Done Between Both Groups. Statistical Analysis Was Performed Using Grapg-Pad Instat Statistics Software For Windows (www.graphpad.com). Results. It Was Found That Total Etch Group Recorded Higher Fracture Resistance Mean Value (553.68�94.71 N) Than Self-adhesive Group Value (341.07�58.16 N). The Difference Between Both Cement Approaches Groups Was Statistically Significant As Indicated By T-test (t = 4.18, P Value = .0004 < 0.05) .

Conclusions: Bonded Cerasmart Restorations With Total-etch System Offer Superior Fracture Resistance Values Than Restorations With Self-adhesive System. The Bonding Protocol Drastically Affects The Fracture Resistance And Mode Of Failure Of Hybrid Ceramic Restorations. Total Etch Bonding Protocol Resulted In Higher Rate Of Unrepairable Failure Modes For Bonded Cerasmart Restorations, When Compared With Self Etch Bonding Protocol.

Huda Hamed Basher Mohamed, Mohamed Sherien Hasan, Amr Zahran And Ahmed Reda,

ABSTRACT
Objective: Aim Of The Study Is Comparing The Clinical And Radiographic Survival Rate Of The Immediately Loaded Dental Implants That Are Immediately Placed In The Fresh Extraction Sockets Of The Maxillary Premolars With And Without Bone Grafts.

Materials and Methods: A Randomized, Double Blind, Controlled Clinical Trial Involving 21 Implants Placed Into Fresh Extraction Sockets Of 15 Patients; Divided Into Three Groups: Group (A) An Immediate Implant Was Inserted In Association To Allograft. Group (B) The Immediate Implant Was Inserted In Association To Alloplastic Grafting Material. Group (C), The Control Group, The Immediate Implant Was Placed With No Grafting Material.

Results: There Was 100% Overall Survival Rate Of Implants Among The Three Groups. The Result Of This Study Showed Insignificant Statistical Difference Between All Groups In All Clinical And Radiographic Parameters, Except The Bone Density Between Group A (allograft) (826�117) And Group C (without Bone Graft) (646�65) Was Statistical Significant (P-value 0.0129). Conclusion: The Placement Of Grafting Materials Will Not Affect The Stability And Success Of Immediate Post Extraction Implant. (PACTR201702000942621).

Aya Abd El-Fattah Mohammed, Amira Farid El Zoghby And Ali Essam Abdelnabi,

ABSTRACT
This Study Was Conducted To Evaluate Micro-tensile Bond Strength Of Resin Composite To Superficial Dentin Treated With Gold And Silver Nano Particles In Comparison To Untreated Dentin Surface Either Immediately Or After Aging By Thermocycling.

Materials and Methods: Thirty Six Extracted Sound Human Molars Were Selected Then Randomly Divided Into Two Main Groups (A) According To The Applied Materials. (A1) Was For Resin Composite With Adhesive On Etched Dentin (Control Group); (A2) Was For Resin Composite With Adhesive System And Nano Care Gold On Etched Dentin (Intervention Group). Each Main Group Was Further Sub Divided Into Three Subgroups, (B) According To Number Of Thermo-cycles Performed For Samples Where (B1) Was Not Subjected To Thermocycling, (B2) Was Subjected To 2500 Thermo-cycles And (B3) Was Subjected To 5000 Thermo-cycles. Microtensile Bond Strength Values Were Measured For Each Group.

Results: The Results Of The Current Study Revealed That Dentin Pretreatment With Nano Care Gold Maintained MTBs After 5000 Thermocycles While A Significant Reduction In MTBs Occurred In The Untreated Control Group.

Conclusions: Sustaining Micro-tensile Bond Strength Of Resin Composite To Dentin At High Thermal Fluctuations Could Be Achieved By Preceding The Adhesive Step With Application Of Nano Care Gold To Etched Dentin.

Khaled I Barakat, Fatma Farrag Ali And Moh. Saad Elkhouly,

ABSTRACT
Facial Nerve Repair Is A Devastating Surgical Problem. Many Techniques Reported With Plenty Of Surgical Solutions To Repair The Nerve Injuries That Result From Different Etiological Factors. Our Study Conducted On 8 Experimental Animals Of Egyptian Yearling Goats. One Side Of The Goat Face Left Intact As A Control Side, While On The Other Side Iatrogenic Facial Nerve Injury Performed. Then A Novel Hypoglossal Facial Microsurgical Neurorrhaphy Used To Repair The Resultant Palsy, A Clinical Assessment With Airflow Test Done At One, Three And Six Months Postoperatively.

Ayman A. Mohamed, Mohamed G. Elshal, Allam A. Nafady And Wael M. Refai,

ABSTRACT
Objective: To Study The Effect Of Combination Of Vitamin D And Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) On Orthodontic Tooth Movement.

Materials and Methods: The Study Was Conducted On Ten Rabbits Using Split Mouth Technique. Both Quadrants Of The Upper Jaw Of Each Rabbit Was Used. The Upper Left Quadrant Was The Control Side And Upper Right Quadrant Was The Side Of Injections. 1.5 IU/ml Vitamin D Was Injected Intraligamentry In The Right Side And 0.1 Ml Of 1 Mg/ml PGE2 Was Injected Intraligamentry In The Right Side. Appliance Was Applied To Both Sides: Control Side And Injections Side. Closed Coil Spring Was Connected Posteriorly To The First Premolar And Anteriorly To The Incisor. Animals Were Sacrificed After 21 Days. The Right And Left Jaw Halves Of The Ten Animals Were Prepared For Specimen,decalcified And Prepared For Histological Evaluation To Detect Changes In Osteoblastic And Osteoclastic Activity.

Results: Acceleration Of Orthodontic Tooth Movement Was Detected In The Study Side. Conclusion: In Order To Achieve An Increase In OTM, The Combinationof Vitamin D And PGE2 Is Useful And There Is A Synergistic Effect With Vitamin D And PGE2.

Ahmed B. Abdel-Rahman, Manal R. Hassan And Mohamed M. Shalaby,

ABSTRACT

Objectives: To Evaluate The Effect Of Pontic Span Length On The Design Of Inlay Retained Fixed Partial Denture.

Materials and Methods: Two Designs Of Inlay Retained Fixed Partial Denture (IRFPD) Preparation, The First One Is Occluso-mesial And Occluso-distal Box(OD/OM),the Second One Is Mesio-occluso-distal (MOD) In The Two Abutment Were Studied With Two Different Pontic Spaces (7 And 9 Mm) To Restore Missed Upper Second Premolar. Four Inlay Retained Fixed Partial Dentures (IRFPDs) Were Constructed From Full Contour Milled Zirconia To Restore The Four Models. Model (1): Occluso-mesial And Occluso-distal Design Restoring Pontic Span 7mm, Modal (2) MOD Design Restoring Pontic Span 7mm, Model (3): Occluso-mesial And Occluso-distal Design Restoring Pontic Span 9mm And Model (4):MOD Design With Pontic Span Length 9mm. Fracture Resistance Of Each Model Was Performed In Which A Load Was Applied At The Center Of Pontic Occlusally Using A Metallic Rod With Round Tip (3.4 Mm Diameter) Traveling At Cross-head Speed Of 1mm/min. With Tin Foil Sheet In-between To Achieve Homogenous Stress Distribution. The Mode Of Failure Was Observed And Recorded. Four 3D Finite Element Models Were Obtained After Scanning The Four Models In Order To Compare The Stress Falling On The Components Of IRFPD Restored With Lithium Di-silicate Ceramics And Zirconia Under Two Force Direction (vertical And Oblique 30� From Buccal Side) .

Results: OD/OM Designs Showed Higher Fracture Resistance Values Than MOD Inlay Designs, 7 Mm Pontic Span Models Showed Higher Fracture Resistance Value Than 9 Mm Pontic Span Models. The Highest Fracture Resistance Mean Value Was Recorded In Model One (2787.3�34.2N) While The Lowest Fracture Resistance Mean Value Was Recorded In Model Four (1257.5�35.5N). Mode Of Failure Was Cohesive Failure In The Zirconia Framework As Fracture Of The IRFPD At Level Of Connectors Or At Level Of Retainers. The Finite Element Analysis Showed That Zirconia Fixed Partial Dentures Had Higher Fracture Resistance Value Than Lithium Di-silicate Ceramics.

Conclusions: The Fracture Resistance Of IRFPD Was Increased With Conservation Of Tooth Structure And Decreased When Pontic Span Length Increased. It Is Assumed That Zirconia Enhanced The Fracture Resistance Due To Its Ability For Stress Distribution Than Lithium Di-silicate Ceramics.