Nourhan.Omar.El-Gebaly, Adel Abd El-Azim El-Bardissy, Hala Salah El-Dein Hamza And Nada Mohamed Wassef,

ABSTRACT
Background: Nitric Oxide (NO) Is A Highly Reactive Radical, Participates In Nonspecific Natural Defense Mechanism Of The Oral Cavity. The Aim Of This Study Was To Assess Salivary NO Level And Dental Caries Experience In Children With CHD In Comparison To Healthy Children And To Establish A Correlation Between Salivary Nitric Oxide Level And Dental Caries. Subjects And Methods: This Cross-sectional Study Carried On 155 Cardiac Patients Of Cairo University Paediatric Hospital And 155 Healthy Patients Attending The Paediatric Dentistry Department, Faculty Of Dentistry, Cairo University. Dental Caries Of Each Child Was Assessed Using WHO Criteria For Diagnosis Of Dental Caries And Dental Caries Indices For Primary (dmft), Mixed (deft) And Permanent Dentition (DMFT). Salivary Samples Were Collected And Kept In Well-sealed Plastic Tubes Then Refrigerated. Salivary NO Was Measured As Total Nitrate (NO3) And Nitrite (NO2) Using Griess Reagent And Vanadium Trichloride (VCL3) Then The Samples Were Analysed Using Spectrophotometric Microplates Assay Reader.

Results: CHD Group Showed Statistically Significant Higher Mean Salivary NO Level Than Control Group. CHD Group Showed Higher Mean Dmft, DMFT And Deft Scores Than Control Group. Cyanotic CHD Group Showed Higher Mean Scores Of Dmft In Deciduous Dentition Than Acyanotic CHD Group. Cyanotic CHD Group Were Similar In Caries Index Mean Scores To Acyanotic In Mixed And Permanent Dentition Stages. Cyanotic CHD Group Showed Higher Mean Level Of NO Than Acyanotic. There Was A Statistically Significant Direct Correlation Between DMFT And Salivary NO Level. However, There Was No Statistical Significant Correlation Between Dmft, Deft And NO Levels.

Conclusions: Patients With CHD Had Higher Caries Prevalence Than Normal Healthy Children. Cyanotic Congenital Heart Disease Patients Had Higher Caries Prevalence Than Acyanotic In The Deciduous Dentition Stage While, There Was No Statistical Significance Difference During Mixed And Permanent Dentition Stages. Also CHD Patients Had Higher Level Of Salivary NO Than Normal Patients, With Cyanotic CHD Patients Having Higher Salivary NO Levels Than Acyanotic. There Was A Positive Direct Correlation Between Salivary NO And Dental Caries Prevalence In Permanent Dentition Stage, And No Correlation Was Found Between Salivary NO And Caries Prevalence In Primary And Mixed Dentition Stages.

Hassan Ragab Hassan Abd El Salaam, Omnia Mohammed El Shihi And Lamiaa Nabil Sherif Samaha,

ABSTRACT
The Present Study Was Done To Evaluate The Effect Of Three Different Surface Treatment On Shear Bond Strength Of Machined Titanium Ceramic Interface, Twenty Five Titanium Rods Were Used ( Five Rods For Each Group 20mm Length ? 5.7mm Diameter ) For Porcelain Application .

Materials and Methods: The Twenty Five Sample Were Divided Into Five Groups According To Method Of Treatment To Be Carried Out . Group I : Control No Treatment Done. Group II : Sand Blasting Only Using 150�m Al2O3 Particles. Group III : Immersion In Caustic Bath (50% NaOH-10% CuSO4. 5H2O) At 105�C Followed By Sand Blasting Using 150�m Al2O3 Particles. Group IV : Sandblasting Followed By Caustic Bath. Group V : Laser Etching Using Experimental (Nd:YAG Laser).

Results: The Groups Were Scanned Using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) After The Treatment Done And Before Porcelain Application. Specimens Were Photographed Using Digital Microscope (Surface Roughness Test) (Ra) To Evaluate Which Method Of Treatment Produced Higher Values. Porcelain Application Was Done With Dimensions 4mm In Length, 5.7mm In Diameter. Samples Of Each Group Were Fixed In The Universal Testing Machine To Measure The Shear Bond Strength Between Titanium And Porcelain After Different Surface Treatment. Scanning Of The Failed Samples Using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) Of Both Metal And Porcelain Surfaces And Digitally Using High Resolution Camera.

Muaaz Marwan Adnan Hilal, Norhan Abd El-Wahab El Dokky And Manal Ahmad El Sheikh,

ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Local Anesthetic Injection Considered One Of The Most Anxiety-provoking Procedures Especially For Pediatric Dental Patients. Many Techniques Had Been Suggested To Decrease The Pain During Local Anesthetic Injection; One Of Them Is Using A Vibro-tactile Device As Dentalvibe?�which Claims To Decrease The Pain During Local Anesthetic Injection. AIMS: The Aim Of This Study Was To Compare The Pain Perceived During Maxillary Infiltration Local Anesthesia Injection With The Aid Of DentalVibe Comfort System And That Perceived During Maxillary Infiltration Injection Alone In Pediatric Dental Patients. DESIGN: The Study Included 19 Children From Both Genders, Aged 5-6 Years Old. Each Child Received Two Injections. The Injections Were Divided Randomly Into Two Methods: Dentalvibe (DV): Maxillary Infiltration Injection With The Aid Of Dentalvibe And Traditional (TR): Receiving The Same Previous Injections Without The Use Of Dentalvibe. Pain Was Assessed Objectively Using The FLACC?�and Subjectively Using Wong-Baker Faces?�pain Scales. RESULTS: Statistical Analysis For Both Objective And Subjective Pain Assessment Using Chi-square And Fisher?s Exact Tests Found A Statistically Significant Reduction In Pain Ratings For Injections With The�Dentalvibe When Compared To Traditional Injections. CONCLUSIONS: Using DentalVibe Comfort System In Maxillary Infiltration Dental Local Anesthesia Showed Less Pain When Compared To Traditional Method. In Addition, Gender Had No Effect On The Pain Felt During Injection Using DentalVibe Comfort System When Compared To Traditional Method.

Mai Samir Omar, Mohsen H Abielhassan And Rasha Rafaat,

ABSTRACT
Objective: This Study Was Conducted To Evaluate The Effect Of Two Different Intensities Of A Light Curing Unit On The Marginal Sealing Of Direct Compound Posterior Bulk-fill Composite Restorations.

Materials and Methods: A Total Of 42 Freshly Extracted Human Premolars Free From Caries And Cracks Were Selected, They Were Divided Into Three Main Equal Groups ( N= 14), According To The Light Intensity Used In Curing; (L1): Conventional LED Curing ( 800 Mw/cm2), (L2): Light Amplified High Intensity LED For 5 Seconds, (L3) : Light Amplified High Intensity LED 10 Seconds . Each Main Group Is Divided Into 2 Subgroups According To Aging Period (T) Where (T1) Represents Storage For 24 Hours, (T2) Represents Storage For 3 Months In Artificial Saliva. Standard Proximal Box Cavities Were Prepared. The Dimensions Were 2�0.2 Mm For The Bucco-palatal Or Bucco-lingual Width. The Depth Was Standardized To Be 4 Mm And It Was 1.5mm From The Cervical Margin To The Pulpal Floor. Specimens Were Stored In Artificial Saliva Then They Were Immersed In 2% Methylene Blue Dye And Sectioned With Automated Diamond Saw. Stereomicroscope Was Used For Microleakage Analysis.

Results: Results Showed That The Least Microleakage Was In The Group Cured With High Intensity For 5 Sec. The Most Microleakage Was In The Group Cured With Conventional LED. Conclusion: It Was Concluded That High Intensity Curing System Improved The Marginal Sealing Of The Bulk- Fill Resin Composite And Light Curing Intensity Has A Direct Effect On The Cured Bulk-fill Resin Composite.

Eslam O. Sayed, Cherif A. Mohsen And Shams W. Amged,

ABSTRACT
Objective The Purpose Of This Study Was To Evaluate The Push-out Bond Strength Of Ready-made Glass Fiber Post And Custom-made E-max Pressable Post Treated With Various Surface Treatments: Sandblasting (SB), Sandblasting In Conjunction With Silica Particles Then Silane Coating (SC) And Etching Using Hydrofluoric Acid Then Silane Coating (E)

Materials and Methods: Forty Freshly Extracted Single Rooted Upper Central Incisor Teeth Were Selected. All Root Canals Were Endodontic Treatment According To Standard Procedure Then Divided Into Two Main Groups (20 Samples Each) According To The Type Of Posts Were Used. The First Group (G) Was Restored With Ready-made Glass Fiber Post (Glassix Plus Radiopaque) (n=20), The Second Group (P) Was Restored With Custom Made Pressable Ceramic (E-max Press Post) (n=20) (Ivoclar Vivadent).Each Group Was Subdivided To Four Subgroups (5 Samples Each) According To The Type Of Surface Treatment Done: Subgroup C: No Surface Treatment (control), Subgroup SB: Sandblasting With 50 �m Aluminum-oxide (AL2O3) Particles, Subgroup SC: Sandblasting In Conjunction With Silica Coating Particles Then Silane Coating And Subgroup E: Etching With 9.5% Hydrofluoric Acid Then Silane Coupling Agent. All Samples Were Sectioned By IsoMet Into 3sections (2mm Each Thickness) From Coronal To Apical Then Subjected To Push-out Test By Universal Test Machine. Then All Data Were Calculated, Tabulated, And Statistically Analyzed. Result: Readymade Glass Fiber Post Show Higher Bond Strength Than Custom Made E-max Press Post With No Significance Different Between Them Conclusion: Silica Coating Then Silanization Of Ceramic E-max Post Is The Best Surface Treatment That Increase Bond Strength .Etching With Hydrofluoric Acid Then Silanization Of Glass Fiber Post Is The Best Surface Treatment That Increase Bond Strength. Bond Strength Of Glass Fiber Post Was Higher Than Bond Strength Of Ceramic Emax Post

Aya Rabie Abdel-Tawwab; Sherouk Hassan Ali Khalifa And Omniya Abu El-Dahab,

ABSTRACT


Purpose: The Aim Of This Study Was To Assess The Anatomical Variations Of The Nasopalatine Canal (shape, Length, Diameter, Inclination Of The Canal, Thickness Of Labial Bone, Distance Between The Canal And Upper Central Incisors) In Adult Egyptian Normal Population In Both Sexes Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography. Patients And Methods: 54 Participants Were Included In The Study (27males And 27 Females) Where They Were Indicated For CBCT Scanning For Purposes Rather Than Any Pathological Condition In The Anterior Maxilla. All The Participants Were Free Of Any Systemic Disease Affecting Bone Density And Shape As Well As Absence Of Any Pathological Lesions Or Fractures. Canal Morphology And Measurements Of The Canal Dimensions, Inclination And Its Relation With The Central Incisors Were Statistically Analyzed.

Results: The Morphology Of The NP Canal Showed The Highest Score Recorded For Y-shaped Canal; 31 (57.41%) Followed By Two Canals; 12 (22.22%) While The Lowest Score Recorded For Single Canal; 11 (20.37%) In The Coronal Views. It Was Found That Canal Length In Males Recorded Statistically Significant Higher Mean (9.477�1.85mm) Than Females (8.151�1.79mm) With A Total Length Mean Value (8.814�0.66mm). The Dimensions Of The Canal Showed In The Sagittal Cuts The Total Mean Value (3.307�0.18mm) Of The NP Foramen , Canal Recorded Total Mean Value (2.695�0.04mm) While Incisive Foramen Recorded Total Mean Value (3.557�0.04mm) With No Statistically Significant Differences Between Males And Female.

Conclusions: CBCT Is A Valuable Tool To Record The Morphology And Measurements Of The Nasopalatine Canal Where The Gender Showed Influence On The Recorded Findings Of This Study. In Egyptian Population, The Form Of The NP Canal Is Variable, Predominantly Hourglass Or Cylinder Shaped Laterally And Frontally They Are Mainly Y Shaped. For The Canal Length, It Was Noticed The Canal Was Shorter In Our Female Sample

Omar Itani, Nahed Attia And Mohamed Shokry,

ABSTRACT
Recently Porcine Derived Bioresorbable Collagen Matrices Have Shown Predictable Outcomes For Augmenting Keratinized Gingiva, Improved Wound Healing, Recession Coverage In Localized Gingival Recessions And Multiple Recession Coverage. The Aim Of This Study Was To Evaluate The Effectiveness Of The Collagen Matrix In The Management Of Millers Class II Gingival Recessions. The Use Of Collagen Matrix In Combination With Coronally Advanced Flap As A Surgical Technique Was Tested Versus Coronally Advanced Flap Alone.

Materials and Methods: The Study Design Is A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial (split Mouth Design). Ten Participants Selected From Beirut Arab University Department Of Oral Surgical Sciences Division Of Periodontology Seeking Root Coverage Due To Bilateral Premolar Class II (Miller Classification) Gingival Recession. The 10 Participants With 20 Sites According To Miller Class II Classification Were Randomly Assigned Into Two Groups. Group I (test) Includes 10 Sites With Class II Miller Gingival Recession That Will Be Treated With Mucograft And Coronally Advanced Flap. Group II (control) Includes 10 Sites With Class II Miller Gingival Recession Will Be Treated With Coronally Advanced Flap Alone. Recordings Of The Clinical Variables Included: Recession Depth & Width (RD, RW), Width Of Keratinized Tissues (WKT), Gingival Biotype, And Percentage Of Root Coverage Were Taken At Baseline, 3 Months, And 6 Months? Post Surgically. Data Collected Were Fed To The Computer And Analyzed Using IBM SPSS Software Package Version 23.0. Statistical Significance Was Set At 0.05

Results: The Study Showed That The Clinical Variables Tested Improved Throughout The Study Period In Both The Test And Control Sites, However The Gingival Biotype And Width Of Keratinized Tissue Were In Favor Of The Test Sites. Conclusion: The Use Of The Mucograft With A Partial Thickness Coronally Advanced Flap As A Treatment Modality For Root Coverage Provides A Significant Approach For Decreasing Recession Depth And Width, Increase In The Width Of The Keratinized Tissue As Well As Gingival Thickeness In Millers Class II Gingival,recession.

Sayed A. Karim, Olfat Elsayed Hassanien And Asmaa Yassen,

ABSTRACT

Objectives: The Aim Of This Study Was To Compared The Micro-leakage Of Indirect Nano-hybrid Resin Composite Inlay Restorations Fabricated Using Flexible Die Versus Stone Die. Methods: A Total Number Of 44 Sound Non-cavitated Freshly Extracted Upper Human Premolar Teeth Were Selected For This Study. Teeth Were Randomly Divided Into Two Main Groups According To The Die Material. Each Group Was Subdivided According To The Storage Period, After 24 Hours And After 3 Months With 11 Teeth In Each. Two Way ANOVA Used To Compare Between Tested Die Materials And The Time Intervals For Mean Microleakage (mm) And Dimensional Changes (%).One-Way ANOVA Used To For Interaction Between Variables Followed By Tukey?s Post Hoc Test For Pairwise Comparison.

Results: Results Which Showed That Die Materials Had A Significant Effect On The Micro-leakage Values In Mm At P-value Equal To 0.007. On The Other Hand Time Intervals Variables Had An Insignificant Effect On The Micro-leakage Values At P-value Equal To 0.189. Conclusion: Dimensional Change Is Not A Challenging Problem For The Flexible Die. The Dimensional Stability Of The Stone And Flexible Die Material Was Not Influenced By The Storage Time.

Noran Mohamed, Hossam Kandil, Ghada Borhan And Mahmoud Abdel Raouf Shalash,

ABSTRACT
Objective: This Study Was Conducted To Evaluate The Diagnostic Accuracy Of Multislice CT As An Imaging Modality For The Fabrication Of 3D Printed Bone Supported Implant Surgical Stent. Methods: 10 Dummy Implants (legacy, Implant Direct) Were Placed In Two Mandibular Models. MSCT Scanner (Philips Brilliance 64) Was Used For Preoperative Scans, Implant Planning And Surgical Guide Design Were Done Using Ondemand And Implant Studio Software, Selective Laser Sintering (FORMIGA P110, EOS) Was Used To Fabricate The Surgical Guide. Postoperative MSCT Scans Were Done Using The Same Preoperative Parameters. Both Preoperative And Postoperative Scans Were Superimposed For The Angular And Linear Deviations Measurements.

Results: The Statistical Analysis Of The Recorded Values Showed Mean Angular Deviation In Buccolingual Direction Of 1.66� (SD, 0.96), Mean Angular Deviation In Mesiodistal Direction Of 1.63� (SD, 1.04), And A Mean Linear Deviation Of The Implant Apex Of 0.47 Mm (SD, 0.27), With No Statistically Significant Difference Between Buccolingual And Mesiodistal Angular Deviation. Conclusion: MSCT Demonstrated High Accuracy Regarding Fabrication Of Bone-supported Implant Surgical Guide And Computer-aided Oral Implant Surgery Offers Prominent Accuracy And Reliability Regarding Implant Placement.

Ahmed S. Abd El Shakour, Cherif A. Mohsen And Magda I. Ramzy,

ABSTRACT
Objective: The Purpose Of This Study Was To Investigate Fracture Strength Of Two Types Of Hybrid Ceramic Posterior Occlusal Veneers With Different Thicknesses.

Materials and Methods: Eighty Natural Maxillary Molars Of Comparable Size And Morphology Were Selected. Standardization Of The Teeth Preparations Was Accomplished Using A Diamond Saw; Teeth Were Sectioned Horizontally, Removing All Coronal Tooth Structure 4 Mm Occlusal To The CEJs Leaving Exposed Dentin Centrally And Peripheral Enamel. Samples Were Randomly Divided Into Two Groups (n=40) Based On Restorative Materials That Will Be Used: Computer-milled Hybrid Ceramic (ENAMIC) And Resin Nano Ceramic (LAVA ULTIMATE). Each Group Was Divided Into Two Subgroups (20 Samples Each) According To The Type Of Preparation (conventional And Experimental). The Experimental Preparation Had An Additional Preparation Feature. Within Each Subgroup, Specimens Were Subdivided Into Two Classes (consisting Of 10 Specimens Each N=10) Based On Restoration Thickness (0.3, 0.6 Mm). Each Class Was Divided Into 2 Subclasses (n=5) For Testing The Fracture Resistance And The Microleakage. Specimens Were Stored In Distilled Water 37oC For 7 Days. Restorations Were Adhesively Bonded To Their Respective Teeth For Measuring Fracture. Result: The Fracture Strengths (mean � Standard Deviation) Were 2416 � 676, And 1777 � 697, N For Lava Ultimate, And Vita Enamic, Respectively. Lava Ultimate Had Significantly Higher Fracture Strength Than The Vita Enamic (p < 0.05). No Correlation Between Fracture Strengths And Failure Modes Was Found Within Each Material. Most Specimens (48 Out Of 60) Fractured In The Restoration Without Involving Tooth Structures.

Conclusions: The Fracture Strength Of Ultrathin Occlusal Veneers Made From The Novel Ceramic Hybrid Matched The Strength Of CAD/CAM Composite. The Highest Strength Was Found With The Resin Nanoceramic Material.