Doha Mostafa, Heba Hamza And Ahmed El Zohairy,

ABSTRACT
Objective: The Study Was Conducted To Evaluate The Effect Of Acidic Beverages On The Color Stability And Microhardness Of Ormocer And Nanohybrid Resin Composites.

Materials and Methods: Thirty Disk-shaped Specimens (6X2mm) Of Each Of 2 Resin Composites, Admira Fusion And Grandio Were Prepared. The Specimens Were Then Divided Into 3 Subgroups Of 10 Specimens Each And Immersed In 3 Immersion Solutions (cola, Orange And Artificial Saliva) For 3 Hours Daily Over A 15-day Test Period. Color Of The Specimens Was Measured With A Digital Spectrophotometer Vita Easy Shade Using CIELAB Color Space And Microhardness Measurements Were Done Using Vicker?s Microhardness Tester. Pre And Post Immersion Measurements Were Taken And Statistically Analyzed.

Results: After Immersion, Admira Had More Color Change Than Grandio And Was More Affected By Cola. Also Admira?s Microhardness Was More Affected By Immersion In Cola Compared To Grandio. Conclusion: The Nanocomposite Grandio Compared To Ormocer Admira Was More Resistant To Color Change And Surface Microhardness Changes When Immersed In Acidic Beverages.

Ohoud T. Zainelabdeen, Eman S.Elmasri, Samah M.Awad And Ahmad M.M.Badr,

ABSTRACT

Objectives: To Determine The Prevalence Of Dental Caries In Pre-term Children Aged 2-5 Years Seeking Treatment Or Follow Up At Cairo University Children?s Hospital ?Abo El-rish? At El-Monira, Cairo, Egypt. Design: It Is A Cross Sectional Study. Subjects And Methods: A Total Sample Size Of 300 Children Was Taken (140 Boys And 160 Girls), Assessment Of Oral Hygiene And Dietary Habits Was Aided By A Specially Designed Questionnaire, It Contained Six Open Ended And Eight Closed Ended Questions. Part One Included The Patients? Personal Data, Second Part Was About The History Of The Child?s Feeding, And Third Part Included Some Questions About The Child?s Oral Hygiene. Clinical Examination Of Children Was Performed By The Researcher Using: A Dental Mouth Mirror, Dental Probe And A Piece Of Cotton Or Gauze. All The Surfaces Of The Teeth Were Examined For The Presence Of Dental Caries And Recorded Using The (dmft Score Of Primary Teeth.

Results: The Results Of This Study Showed That The Prevalence Of Dental Caries Was 96.6% Among The Studied Sample With Dmft Sores Ranging From 0.00-16.0 With Mean Dmft Of 4.0. Conclusion: Presence Of A Direct Positive Correlation Between The Pre-term Birth And Dental Caries In Primary Dentition. The Effect Of The Other Cariogenic Factors And Oral Hygiene Measures On The Pre-term Children Teeth Was A Direct Relation In Causing Dental Caries In Pre-term Children.

Ola Adel Hafez, Alaa Eldin Hussein Diab And Heba Ahmed El-Asfouri ,

ABSTRACT
Aim Of The Study: Was To Compare The Intensity Of Postoperative Pain After Single Visit Endodontic Treatment Using ProTaper Universal Multiple File System And The Single File Rotary Systems; ONE ENDO And F6 SkyTaper. Methodology: In This Single-blinded, Parallel-grouped Randomized Clinical Trial, A Total Of 58 Healthy Patients Aged Between 20 To 50 Years Old Were Diagnosed With Symptomatic Irreversible Pulpitis Of One Maxillary Or Mandibular Premolars. Teeth Were Randomly Assigned To Three Groups According To The Root Canal Shaping System: ONE ENDO (Group A), F6 SkyTaper (Group B) And Rotary ProTaper Universal As A Control (Group C). All Treatments Were Completed In A Single Visit. The Severity Of The Postoperative Pain Was Assessed By The Verbal Rating Scale (VRS) After 24, 48 And 72 Hours. Data Were Analyzed Using The Kruskal-Wallis And Mann-Whitney U Tests.

Results: After 24 Hours: There Was No Statistically Significant Difference Between The Three Studied Groups (p= 0.126). After 48 Hours: Group A Showed The Lowest Pain Levels With Statistically Significant Difference With Both Groups B (p=0.003) And C (p=0.036). However, There Was No Statistically Significant Difference Between The Intervention Group B And The Control Group C (p=0.407). After 72 Hours: Group A Showed The Highest Levels Of Total Pain Relief (ie; Pain Score 0) With Statistically Significant Difference With Group B (p=0.011) But Without Significant Difference With Group C (p=0.073). Pain Scores For Both Groups B And C Were Almost Similar (p=0.459). Conclusion: Number Of Instruments Had No Impact On Postoperative Pain.

Yasmin Shebl Hussein, Samir Mahmoud Ali Zidan And Jylan Fouad El Guindy ,

ABSTRACT
Objective: To Evaluate The Surface Hardness Of Cemented CERASMART Laminate Veneers After Exposure To Acidic Beverages (coffee, Carbonated Orange Juice And Artificial Saliva) For 24 Days Resembling 2 Years Of Clinical Service.

Materials and Methods: A Total Of 36 Cemented CERASMART Laminate Veneer On Extracted Central Incisors Were Fabricated By CEREC MC XL Milling Machine. All Samples (N=36) Were Divided Into To Three Test Groups As Follows: Group (A): Stored In Artificial Saliva Group B: Stored In Coffee And Group C: Stored In Carbonated Orange Juice. Surface Hardness Was Measured After Exposure To Aging Solutions, Where The Surface Hardness Was Measured Through Vicker?s Indentation, Three Indentations Were Made In Each Sample And The Mean Was Calculated For Each. Data Were Analysed Using One-way Analysis Of Variance (ANOVA) Significance Difference Test. Differences Were Considered Significant At P<0.05.

Results: It Was Found That The Highest Mean ? SD Value Of Surface Hardness Recorded With Saliva Storage (204.607?6.905 HV) Then Coffee Storage Mean Value (202.796?6.014 HV) While The Lowest Mean ? SD Value Of Surface Hardness Recorded With Orange Storage (201.867?7.438HV). The Difference Was Statistically Non-significant As Indicated By One-way ANOVA (F=0.416, P=0.6687>0.05).

Conclusions: Surface Hardness Of CERASMART Veneers Was Not Affected By Coffee And Carbonated Orange Juice Immersion.

Yasmin Atef Ahmed, Marwa Mohamed Temirek And Mohsen Hussein Abi-Elhassan,

ABSTRACT


Aim: To Verify The Effect Laser Pretreatment On Sealing Ability Of Resin Composite Restorations Bonded With Two Different Adhesive Approaches.

Materials and Methods: 120 Freshly Human Mandibular Posterior Teeth Were Selected. The Teeth Were Divided Into Two Main Groups According To Laser Pretreatment. Each Group Was Divided Into Two Subgroups According To The Type Of Adhesive System (total Etch System Or Self-etch Adhesive System). Each Subgroup Was Divided Into Two Classes According To Aging Period (one Day, One Month And 3 Months). Standardized Class V Were Prepared. For Microleakage Testing, The Specimens Were Immersed In 2% Aqueous Solution Of Methylene Blue For 24 Hours. Teeth Were Longitudinally Sectioned In A Buccolingual Direction. Tooth-restoration Interfaces Were Examined Using SEM. Using A Fixed Magnification Of 40x. A Digital Image Analysis System Was Used To Measure And Qualitatively Evaluate The Degree Of Dye Penetration.

Results: Laser Pretreated Groups Presented Statistically Significant Higher Microleakage Mean Values Than The Groups Not Laser Pretreated. Total Etch Groups Recorded Statistically Significant Higher Microleakage Mean Values Than Self-etch Groups. The Groups Aged For 3 Months Recorded Statistically Significant Higher Microleakage Mean Values Than 1 Month And Immediate Groups. Conclusion: Laser Irradiation Is Not A Valid Alternative To Acid Etching Pretreatment Of Cavities To Be Filled With Resin Composite Materials.

Amr Hussein Aziz , Hanaa Ibraheem Sallam And Rasha Nabil Sami,

ABSTRACT
Statement Of The Problem: Zirconia Hybrid Abutment On Implant Achieves High Mechanical Properties And Moderate Esthetic Requirements. The Increase Of Esthetic Demands Has Renewed Interest In The Search For New Materials With Enough Mechanical Properties And Better Esthetic Qualities Than Zirconia Like Lithium-disilicate Materials Which Has Been Used Recently For Construction Of Hybrid Abutments On Implants. Aim Of The Study: The Aim Of This Study Was To Evaluate The Fracture Resistance Of E.max CAD Implant Superstructures Cemented On Two Types Of Customized Hybrid Abutments Made Of Lithium-disilicate And Zirconia. Materials And Methods 14 Internal Connection Titanium Dummy Implants Were Embedded In Epoxy Resin Molds And Randomly Divided Into Two Groups ( N= 7 Each ) According To The Hybrid Abutments Material Used ; Group I : Yttria Stabilized Polycrystalline Zirconia (Y-TZP) (Katana Zirconia) And Group II: Lithium Disilicate Glass Ceramic E-max CAD .All Abutments Were Fabricated By The CAD/CAM Technique. 14 Monolithic Lithium Disilicate Glass Ceramic(e.max CAD) Crowns Simulating A Maxillary First Premolar Were CAD/CAM Fabricated And Cemented Onto The Hybrid Abutments. All Samples Were Compressively Loaded Under Axial Static Load Till Fracture Using A Universal Testing Machine With A Load Cell Of 5 KN At A Cross-head Speed Of 1mm/min. The Load Required To Fracture Was Recorded In Newton And Failure Modes Were Visually Analyzed. Statistical Analysis Was Performed Using Student T-test (P ?0.05 ). Frequent Distribution Of Failure Modes (%)was Performed By Chi Square Test (P<0.05).

Results: The Results Showed That E Max CAD Superstructures Cemented On Hybrid Zirconia Abutments Recorded Statistically Significantly Higher Mean Fracture Resistance Mean Values Than Those Cemented On Hybrid Lithium Disilicate Abutments. Regarding Failure Mode Results, All Superstructures Showed Catastrophic Fracture With Cracking And Chipping Of The E Max Cad Hybrid Abutments. On The Other Hand , Custom Made Zirconia Abutments Did Not Exhibit Any Crack Lines Or Actual Fractures. The Difference In Frequent Distribution Of Failure Modes (%) Between Groups Was Statistically Significant . Conclusions Fracture Resistance Of E.max CAD Implant Superstructures Was Affected By The Hybrid Abutment Material, With The Superiority Of Those Cemented On Zirconia Hybrid Abutments. All Tested Superstructures Could Withstand The Masticatory Forces In The Premolar Region In The Oral Cavity.

Kareem Talaat Ahmed, Hanaa I. Sallam And Rasha N. Sami,

ABSTRACT


Aim: The Aim Of The Study Was To Evaluate Vertical Marginal Gap Distance And Internal Adaptation Between Lithium Disilicate Superstructures And Lithium Disilicate Hybrid Abutments Constructed By CAD/CAM Technique And Heat Pressing Technique.

Materials and Methods: 14 Dummy Implants Were Placed In Epoxy Resin Blocks By The Aid Of A Paralleling Device Then Titanium Bases Were Screwed To The Dummy Implants. The Samples Were Randomly Assigned Into Two Study Groups (n=7 Each) According To The Construction Technique; Group I : Lithium Disilicate (e.max CAD) Hybrid Abutments And Superstructures Constructed By CAD /CAM Technique, Group II: Lithium Disilicate (e-max Press) Hybrid Abutments And Superstructures Constructed By Heat Pressing Technique. The Produced Ceramic Abutments Of Both Groups Were Cemented Onto Their Corresponding Titanium Bases Using Adhesive Resin Cement. All Superstructures Were Designed As Monolithic Upper First Premolar, Half Of Which Were Constructed By The CAD/CAM Technique And The Other Half By The Heat Pressing Technique. Vertical Marginal Gap Distance Measurements Between Each Abutment And Its Corresponding Superstructure Were Recorded At 36 Points (9 Points /surface) Using Digital Microscope. Internal Adaptation Was Measured Using Silicon Replica Technique. Data Were Collected, Tabulated And Statistically Analyzed Using Student T-test (P ? 0.05).

Results: The Heat Pressing Group Showed A Statistically Significant Lower Marginal Gap Distance Between Hybrid Abutments And Superstructures Than The CAD/CAM Group. On The Other Hand, Samples Of The CAD/CAM Group Showed Statistically Significant Higher Internal Adaptation Between Hybrid Abutments And Superstructures Than Samples Of The Heat Pressing Group.Conclusion: Vertical Marginal Gap Distance And Internal Adaptation Between Lithium Disilicate Implant Superstructures And Lithium Disilicate Hybrid Abutments Were Significantly Affected By Their Construction Technique. Heat Pressing Construction Technique Improved The Vertical Marginal Gap Distance While CAD/CAM Technique Improved The Internal Adaptationbetween Lithium Disilicate Implant Superstructures And Lithium Disilicate Hybrid Abutments.

Ghada Eslaman Tony, Nagwa Mohamed Ali Khattab And Ahmed Abdel-Hamid Abdel-Kader,

ABSTRACT
Objectives This Study Indented To Investigate The Knowledge, Attitude And Practice Levels Of Dentists In Upper Egypt Regarding Oral Cancer (OC). Methods An Observational Cross Sectional Survey Using Unnamed Questionnaire Contained 44 Items Covering Different Aspects Connected To OC Were Completely Filled By 400 Randomly Selected Licensed Dentists In Three Governorates In Upper Egypt (Minia, Assuit And Sohag). Results Rate Of Response Was 94.3%. The Overall Knowledge Level In The Current Study Was 31.8%. The Awareness About OC Risk Factors Was High Especially Smoking Tobacco And Alcohol Consumption. Also, Over 80% Of Dentists Identified Family History And HPV As Risk Factors. Only 37.5% Of Participants Performed Regular Screening Of Oral Mucosa And 26.5% Reported Lymph Node Examination. Regarding Attitude, Only One Quarter Of Dentists Attended Continuing Educating Programs About OC. A Statistically Significant Relation (p<0.0001) Between Knowledge Level And Most Demographic Variables Was Detected. There Was Fair Positive Correlation (r=0.47) Between Practice And Knowledge Scores. Conclusions A Predominant Trouble Among Dentists In Upper Egypt Regarding OC Knowledge And Practice. Continues Education And Training Programmes Are Highly Recommended.

Ahmed Osman, Jylan El-guindy And Karim Aboubakr ,

ABSTRACT
Statement Of The Problem: Most Failures Of Ceramic Veneers Have Been Attributed To Fracture Which Might Be An Issue Of Crack Formation That Could Be Induced During Machining Or Laboratory Adjustments. Vita Suprinity Introduced To Offer A Stronger Glass Ceramic Material Thanks To Its Zirconia Reinforcement That Might Lead To A Better Clinical Performance In Terms Of Fracture Resistance. Also It Has Optimized Edge Stability Compared To Lithium Disilicate That Might Result In Better Marginal Adaptation, Retention And Less Post-operative Sensitivity.

Purpose: The Aim Of This Study Was To Evaluate The Clinical Performance (in Terms Of Fracture Resistance, Marginal Adaptation, Retention And Sensitivity) Of Vita Suprinity Versus IPS E-max CAD Ceramic Laminate Veneers.

Materials and Methods: A Total Of 24 Ceramic Laminate Veneers (12 IPS E-max CAD And 12 Vita Suprinity) Were Included In The Study And Completed By One Operator (the Researcher) Who Followed A Meticulous Clinical Procedure And The Ceramic Laminate Veneers Were Fabricated By One Experienced Dental Technician. The Operator Followed The Five Phases Of Laminate Veneers Fabrication: Diagnosis, Preparation Design, Provisionalization, Construction Of The Material And Cementation. Follow Up Sessions Were Done Every Two Months For One Year To Evaluate The Clinical Performance (in Terms Of Fracture, Marginal Adaptation, Retention And Sensitivity) Using Dental Probe And Direct Vision According To The Modified USPHS (United States Public Health Service) Criteria. This Was Performed By An Experienced, Blinded Investigator. Data Were Recorded, Tabulated, And Statistically Analyzed Using The Chi-square Test And The Significance Level Was Set At P ? 0.05.

Results: It Was Found That: There Was No Statistically Significant Difference Between IPS E-max CAD Laminate Veneers And Vita Suprinity Laminate Veneers In All Out Comes Where (P=1) As Both Groups Showed (100%) Alpha In All Time Periods.

Conclusions: Within The Limitations Of This Clinical Study, Both IPS E.max CAD And Vita Suprinity Laminate Veneers Revealed High Successful Clinical Performance In Terms Of Fracture Resistance, Marginal Adaptation, Retention, And Post-operative Sensitivity.

Sarah M. El-Ayoutti, Basma G Moussa, Omniya A. Aziz And Mamdouh A. Hassan,

ABSTRACT
The Aim Of This Study Was To Assess The Incidence Of Fistula In Isolated Cleft Palate Patients Repaired By Furlow Double-opposing Z-plasty Versus Two-flap Palatoplasty At Different Follow-up Periods. One Case Of The Furlow Group Showed Fistula Formation. However, Three Cases Had Nasal Regurgitation Only In The Two Flap Group. Amount Of Intra-operative Blood Loss Was Significant In The Furlow Group; It Was Mostly Related To The Extent Of The Surgical Field And Time Of Surgery.