Alaa S. El-Ashkar, Maha A. Taymour And Adel M. El-Tannir,

ABSTRACT
Statement Of The Problem: The Precision Of Fit Of Chair-side CAD-CAM Zirconia Reinforced Lithium Silicate Crowns Is Still Under Research And The Effect Of Post Milling Protocol On The Marginal Adaptation Is Not Yet Clearly Stated In Literature.

Purpose: The Aim Of This Study Was To Evaluate The Marginal Adaptation Of Fully Crystallized Versus Partially Crystallized Zirconia Reinforced Lithium Silicate (ZLS) Ceramic Computer-aided Design/computer-aided Manufacturing (CAD/CAM) Fabricated Crowns Using Stereomicroscope.

Materials and Methods: A Total Of 16 Ceramic Zirconia Reinforced Lithium Silicate Crowns. They Were Divided Into Two Groups According To The Degree Of Crystallization. The Marginal Adaptation Of The Fully Crystallized Zirconia Reinforced Lithium Silicate CELTRA DUO (Dentsply, Sirona, Germany), Were Compared With The Partially Crystallized Zirconia Reinforced Lithium Silicate VITA SUPRINITY (VITA Zahnfabrik,Germany) After Its Crystallization. The 16 Crowns (n=8 Each Group) Were Fabricated Using A Chair Side CAD-CAM System. The Crowns And Die/crown Assembly Were Viewed Under Stereomicroscope. 36 Measurements Were Made For Each Crown, 9 Measurements On Each Surface. The Vertical Marginal Gap Was Directly Viewed And Measured Using Stereomicroscope. Data Were Recorded And Statistically Analyzed Using The T- Test And Two-way ANOVA Test. The Significance Level Was Set At P ? 0.05.

Results: It Was Found That Partially Crystallized ZLS Crowns Recorded Statistically Significant Higher Marginal Gap Mean Value (99.52 ? 6.67 ?m) Than Fully Crystallized ZLS Crowns (85.88?3.79?m), (P=0.0002< 0.05). Conclusion: Within The Limitations Of This In-vitro Study, The Vertical Marginal Gap Values Were Within A Clinically Acceptable Range For All Tested Crowns. The Fully Crystallized ZLS Crowns Showed Better Marginal Adaptation Than The Partially Crystallized ZLS Crowns.

Bassima Edris , Lamiaa Sayed Kheiralla And Gihan Abd Elhady Elnaggar,

ABSTRACT
Aim Of The Study: The Aim Of The Present Study Was To Compare The Marginal Integrity Of Occlusal Veneers Made From Hybrid Ceramic (Cerasmart) And Zirconia Reinforced Lithium Disilicate (Vita Suprinity) Under Thermal Cycling And Cyclic Loading.

Materials and Methods: A Standardized Tooth Preparation Was Applied To 34 Human First Maxillary Molars Using CNC Machine With Anatomical Occlusal Surface Preparation With 1 Mm Ferrule And 1 Mm Deep Chamfer Finish Line. All Teeth Were Restored With Occlusal Veneers With 1.8 Thickness At The Cusp Tip And 1.2 Mm At The Central Groove (CEREC AC CAD /CAM System). Hybrid Ceramic (Cerasmart) And Zirconia Reinforced Lithium Disilicate (Vita Suprinity) Were Used To Mill The Restorations (n=17). The Intaglio Surfaces Were HF-etched And Silanated (Vita Suprinity) Or Airborne-particle Abraded And Silanated (Cersasmart). All Restorations Were Adhesively Luted With Self Adhesive Resin Cement (Rely X Unicem). All Specimens Were Subjected To Thermal Cycling And Cyclic Loading For 25000 Cycles Simulate 2 Months. A Weight Of 5Kg Which Is Comparable To 50 N Of Chewing Force Was Exerted With Thermal Aging Between 5? C And 55? C. The Marginal Gap Distance Of The Specimen Was Photographed Using USB Digital Microscope With A Built-in Camera Connected With An IBM Compatible Personal Computer Using A Fixed Magnification Of 45X. Shots Of The Margins Were Taken For Each Specimen. Then Morphometric Measurements Were Done For Each Shot [4 Equidistant Landmarks Along The Cervical Circumference For Each Surface Of The Specimen (Mesial, Buccal, Distal, And Lingual). Measurement At Each Point Was Repeated Five Times. Then The Data Obtained Were Collected, Tabulated And Then Subjected To Statistical Analysis.

Results: The Marginal Gap Mean ?SD Values Recorded For Vita-Suprinity Group Were (58.42?10.15 ?m) With Minimum Value (46.12 ?m) And Maximum Value (78.11 ?m). Meanwhile The Marginal Gap Mean ?SD Values Recorded For Cerasmart Group Were (44.71?9.12 ?m) With Minimum Value (28.71 ?m) And Maximum Value (54.73 ?m).It Was Found That Vita-Suprinity Group Recorded Statistically Significant Higher Marginal Gap Mean Value (58.42?10.15 ?m) Than Cerasmart Group (44.71?9.12 ?m) As Indicated By Unpaired T-test (P=0.0084< 0.05). Conclusions 1. Hybrid Ceramic Restoration (Cerasmart) Provided Superior Marginal Accuracy Than Zirconia Reinforced Lithium Silicate (Vitasuprinity) Restoration. 2. All Occlusal Veneers Constructed From Both Tested Materials (Cerasmart And Vitasuprinity) Proved To Have A Clinically Acceptable Marginal Gap Distances.

Mohamed Magdy, Salma El Ashry, Hossam Tewfik And Ahmed Ghobashy ,

ABSTRACT


Introduction: Root Canal Treatment Yields A High Success Rate Reaching Above 90%. However, For Several Reasons, Including The Persistence Of Apical Periodontitis, Failed Cases Require Non-surgical Retreatment.

Aim: To Evaluate The Efficacy Of ProTaper Universal Retreatment Files Versus Mtwo Retreatment Files In Removing Gutta-percha Sealed In Curved Root Canals Using Two Types Of Sealers

Materials and Methods: A Total Of 40 Extracted Mandibular Molars With Mesio-buccal Canals Exhibiting Between 20 And 35 Degrees Of Curvature Were Mounted On Plastic Blocks. After Coronal Access Preparation, Root Canal Cleaning & Shaping Was Carried Out Using A ProTaper Universal System And Obturated Using Gutta-percha With 2 Different Sealers (zinc Oxide Eugenol Sealer, Epoxy- Resin Sealer). The Samples Were Pre-operatively Scanned Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT). After 7 Days, Retreatment Procedures Were Performed Using Both Systems. The Retreatment Procedure Was Considered To Be Complete When The Last File Reached The Root Apex. Samples Were Postoperatively Scanned Using CBCT. The Samples Were Longitudinally Sectioned And Then Split Into Two Halves And Examined Under A Stereomicroscope, Followed By Photography And Assessment Using Image Analysis Software. The Percentage Of Remaining Filling Material In The Coronal, Middle And Apical Thirds Of The Canal Was Calculated In Mm?.

Results: Significant Differences Were Observed Between The Both Systems Regardless Of The Sealer Type. Either AH Plus Or TubliSeal Sealer, ProTaper System Showed Significantly Less Remaining Filling Material Than Mtwo System. A Difference Was Found Between Apical And Cervical Levels In ProTaper System And AH Plus Group, While In Mtwo System And AH Plus Group, A Difference Was Found Between Apical Versus Middle And Cervical Levels. Conclusion: Retrieval Of Root Canal Filling Material During The Retreatment Procedure Is Best Performed Using ProTaper Universal Retreatment Files. Caution Should Be Taken While Using The ProTaper Universal System In Order Not To Jeopardize The Remaining Dentin Thickness Of The Root Canal.

Ahmed Hassanein, Nihal Sabet And Mohamad Fakhr,

ABSTRACT


Aim: Assess The Remaining Dentin Thickness During The Retrieval Of A Separated File Within A Root Canal Using Different Ultrasonic Tip Designs. Methods: 48 Extracted Maxillary Molars Having A Broken Rotary Nickle-titanium (NiTi) File In The Apical Third Of The Mesiobuccal Root Were Used In This Study. Teeth Will Be Divided Into Two Groups Of 24 Teeth Each; Group A, Non-diamond Coated E7 Endodontic Ultrasonic Tips Will Be Used To Retrieve The Separated Files. While Group B, Diamond Coated E7D Endodontic Ultrasonic Tips Will Be Used To Retrieve The Separated Files. Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) Scans Were Made Before And After The Procedure To Assess The Remaining Radicular Dentin Thickness In The Mesiobuccal Root At 3mm, 6mm, And 9mm From The Apex. Special Blocks Were Made Using Silicon Putty Impression Material To Standardize The Exact Position Of All The Samples During Pre-operative And Post-operative Dentine Thickness Measurements Using The CBCT Scanner. All Data Were Statistically Analysed.

Results: Group B Showed Statistically Significant Lower Remaining Dentine Thickness Than Group A At 3 Mm From The Apex. At 6 Mm And 9 Mm, There Was No Statistically Significant Difference Between Group A And Group B. Conclusion: Diamond Coated Ultrasonic Tips Are More Aggressive At Cutting The Radicular Dentinal Tissue Than Non-coated Ones. Water Coolant Does Not Affect The Amount Of Lost Radicular Dentine During Ultrasonic Activation.

Hoda Mostafa Omar , Amira Farid Elzoghbi And Maha Abd.Elsalam Elbaz ,

ABSTRACT
This Study Was Conducted To Investigate The Influence Of Self-etch Conditioning On Micro-shear Bond Strength Of Different Types Of Glass Ionomers When Used Underneath Nano Filled Composite Restoration Compared To Direct Application Without Surface Treatment.

Materials and Methods: In This Study, 15 Glass Ionomer Cement Base Material Discs Were Prepared Using A Specially Designed Cylindrical Teflon Mold. Moreover A Total Number Of 84 Specimens Were Prepared And Divided Randomly Into 3 Groups (28 Specimens Each), According To Type Of Glass Ionomer Base Materials Either Nano Glass Ionomer, Zinc Containing Or Conventional Glass Ionomer Cement Base. Each Group Was Further Subdivided Into Two Groups (14 Specimens) According To The Surface Treatment Protocol To Glass Ionomer Disc: Either No Surface Treatment Or Using Self-etching Adhesive. Micro-shear Bond Strength Test Was Performed Using Universal Testing Machine And Mode Of Failure Was Assessed Using Digital Microscope And Classified Either Adhesive, Cohesive Or Mixed. Two Way- ANOVA Used In This Study Showed A Significant Effect On Mean Micro-shear Bond Strength (?SBS) (Mpa) At P?0.001 For Different Glass Ionomer Cement Base Materials And Surface Treatments.

Results: Results Showed That Higher Value Was Obtained When Using Self-etching Adhesive System As Surface Treatment Protocol With All Types Of Glass Ionomer. Nano Glass Ionomer Gave Higher Results In Comparison With Zinc Containing And Conventional Glass Ionomer Cement Base Materials.

Mohamed Mostafa Talaat, Hamed Gad And Abdullah Hammuda,

ABSTRACT
Marsupialization Is Surgical Procedure Of Cutting Slit Into Cyst And Suturing The Cyst Wall With Mucosa To Remains The Window Open And Drain Freely, We Measured The Volume Of The Cysts Before And 3, 6, 9, Month After Decompression In 20 Radicular Cysts. The Velocity Of Volumetric Shrinkage In The This Groups Was Calculated. Relationships Between The Age Of The Patient And The Volumetric Shrinkage Velocity Were Investigated We Found That There Are No Significant Difference Between The Volumetric Shrinkage In Different Age After Marsupialization

Aya Mohamed Hassanine, Maha Eshak Amer And Akram El Awady,

ABSTRACT


Purpose: This Study Was Performed To Investigate Incidence Of Bifid And Trifid Mandibular Canal In Egyptian Population Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography Materials &methods: A Sample Of Archived 600 CBCT Examinations Were Analyzed By Two Experienced Radiologist For The Presence Of Bifid Mandibular Canals, And Trifid Using On Demand 3d Software.

Results: Inter Observer Reliability Measured By Kappa Test Shows Good Inter Observer Agreement (kappa=0.788). Bifid Mandibular Canal Was Observed In 29.7% Of Cases And Trifid Mandibular Canal Was Observed In 2.3% Of Cases. Conclusion: Bifid Mandibular Canal Is Common In Egyptian Population And Present A Percentage Of 29.7% Of Cases In The Present Study And CBCT Examination Is Recommended To Detect This Important Anatomical Variation If Suspected Before Surgical Procedures.ABSTRACT


Purpose: This Study Was Performed To Investigate Incidence Of Bifid And Trifid Mandibular Canal In Egyptian Population Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography Materials &methods: A Sample Of Archived 600 CBCT Examinations Were Analyzed By Two Experienced Radiologist For The Presence Of Bifid Mandibular Canals, And Trifid Using On Demand 3d Software.

Results: Inter Observer Reliability Measured By Kappa Test Shows Good Inter Observer Agreement (kappa=0.788). Bifid Mandibular Canal Was Observed In 29.7% Of Cases And Trifid Mandibular Canal Was Observed In 2.3% Of Cases. Conclusion: Bifid Mandibular Canal Is Common In Egyptian Population And Present A Percentage Of 29.7% Of Cases In The Present Study And CBCT Examination Is Recommended To Detect This Important Anatomical Variation If Suspected Before Surgical Procedures.

Rasha M. Refaat, Mohamed A. M. Ebrahem, Kareman S..Elsoudany And Ahmed Abdallah Khalil,

ABSTRACT
Background: Oral Lichen Planus (OLP) Is A Chronic Inflammatory Disease Of Oral Mucosa, With Immunological Origin. Atrophic/erosive OLP Needs Appropriated Treatment, Due To Pain. So, The Aim Of This Study Is To Evaluate The Effect Of Topical Application Of Propolis Versus Topical Steroids For The Treatment Of Active Oral Lichen Planus.

Materials and Methods: A Double Blinded Comparative Study Was Conducted On 24 Patients. The Patients Were Divided Randomly Into Two Groups: Group I: Include 12 Patients Has Active OLP And Were Treated By Topical Corticosteroids Every 12 Hours For 2 Weeks. Group II: Include 12 Patients Has Active OLP And Were Treated By Topical Propolis 2.4% Every 12 Hours For 2 Weeks. All Participants In Both Groups Were Examined At Baseline (at The Start Of Treatment), After 2, 4 And 12 Weeks. During Each Appointment, Oral Examination Along With Photography (complete, Partial Or No Remission) Was Performed And The Patient?s Response Rates Were Determined Using The Visual Analog Scale (VAS), And Overall Clinical Improvement Determined By A Lesional Score (LS).

Results: The Clinical Observation (photography) Results Demonstrated Complete Remission In Corticosteroids (control) And Propolis (study) Groups (25% And 50% Respectively), Partial Remission 58.3% In Control Group And 50% In The Study Group While The Control Group Showed 16.7% Of Cases With No Remission. Within Subjects? Effect Of VAS Over Four Different Times Has Significant Difference (F (2.142, 66) = 84.48, P<0.001, ?2p =0.793) Which Means Significant Difference Of VAS Between Pre, 2, 4 And 12 Weeks After Treatment. The Interaction Of VAS And Group Over Times Is Insignificant Meaning That The Rate Of Change For VAS Over Time Between Those Taking Steroid And Those Taking Propolis Is Not Different (F (3, 66) = 1,673, P= 0.297, ?2p = 0.054). Between Subject Effect Shows That The Effect Of Group (steroid, Propolis) On VAS Over Times Is Insignificant (F (1, 22) = 0.610, P= 0.422, ?2p = 0.027). Within Subjects? Effect Of LS Over Four Different Times Has Significant Difference (F=1.514, 66) = 6.889, P0.006, ?2p =0.238) Which Means Significant Difference Of LS Between Pre, 2, 4 And 12 Weeks After Treatment. The Interaction Of LS And Group Over Times Is Insignificant Meaning That The Rate Of Change For LS Over Time Between Those Taking Steroid And Those Taking Propolis Is Not Different (F (1.514, 66) = 2.443, P= 0.156, ?2p = 0.085). Conclusion: This Study Supported That The Topical Use Of Propolis Has Proved To Be Beneficial, Safe And Effective In The Management Of Symptomatic Oral Lichen Plans.

Nader M. Tadros, Mohammed N. Anwar And Farid S. El-Askary,

ABSTRACT

Objectives: This Study Was Conducted To Evaluate The Effect Of Different Thicknesses Of Chair-side Resin Composite Inlay Material On Shear Bond Strength And Nano-leakage Of Chemically-cured Adhesive/dual-cured Resin Cement. Methods: For Shear Bond Strength Testing, 100 Bovine Permanent Anterior Teeth Were Used In This Study. Subsequent To Teeth Grinding And Formation Of Smear Layer. The Teeth Were Randomly Divided Into Four Experimental Groups (n= 25 Teeth/group). For Group 1, 2 And 3, The Resin Cement Was Light Cured Through 2 Mm, 4 Mm And 6 Mm Thick Resin Composite Cylinder Respectively. While Group 4, The Resin Cement Was Left To Cure Chemically With The Self-etching Adhesive (Co-cure). On Ground Dentin Surfaces, 100 Pre-cured Resin Composite Cylinders With Thicknesses Mentioned Above Were Cemented Using Chemically-cured Adhesive/dual-cured Resin Cement According To Manufacturers? Instructions. Specimens Were Stored In 100% Relative Humidity For 48 Hours. SBS Test Was Run At A Crosshead Speed Of 0.5 Mm/min Using A Universal Testing Machine. For Nano-leakage Testing, 12 Resin Composite Discs Bonded To 12 Bovine Teeth Were Assigned Into 4 Groups (n = 3) As For SBS Testing. Specimens Were Evaluated Using SEM Operated In The Backscattered Mode To Detect Dye Penetration. Statistical Analysis Was Performed Using One-Way ANOVA/ Turkey?s HSD Post Hoc Test.

Results: The Results Showed That The Co-cure Group Exhibited The Significant Lowest SBS Values Among All Tested Groups. The 2 Mm Thickness Revealed The Significant Lowest Nano-leakage Score (0%) Among All Tested Groups.

Conclusions: Light Curing Of The Dual Cured Resin Cement Was Crucial To Achieve High SBS Values. There Was A Positive Direct Correlation Between The Thickness Of The Resin Composite Material And The Degree Of Nano-leakage.

Alaa El Naggar And Gihane Madkour,

ABSTRACT
Background: Several Studies Have Shown That Chronic Hepatitis C (CHC) Infection Has A Negative Impact On Kidney Function, As Well As Survival Rate In Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) Or On Hemodialysis.?Hepatitis C Virus (HCV)-related Liver Disease Is A Significant Cause Of Morbidity And Mortality In End-stage Renal Disease (ESRD) Patients Who Undergo Dialysis Or Kidney Transplantation (KT). Multiple Outbreak Investigations Which Evaluated Dialysis Patient HCV Risk Factors And Healthcare Exposures, Including Dialysis Treatment Factors, Identified Dialysis Facilities As The Most Likely Setting Where Transmission Occurred.

Aim: To Assess Frequency Of HCV Infected Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis. Methods: A Total Number Of 50 Patients Were Recruited From Cairo University Hospital In The First Week Of July 2017 And Both Demographic Data And Reported Data Of HCV Infection Were Identified.

Results: The Results Demonstrated That The Prevalence Of HCV Infection In Hemodialysis Patients Was 40%. Conclusion: End Stage Renal Disease Undergoing Dialysis Are More Prone To HCV Infection.