Mohamed Khalid Ebn- Elwaleed Diab, Manal Rafie Hassan And Mohammed Moustafa Shalaby,

ABSTRACT

Objectives: The Aim Of This Study Was To Assess The Effect Of Finishing Techniques On Translucency Of Two All Ceramic Materials (pressed Lithium Di Silicate And Yttrium Stabilized Tetragonal Zirconia). Methods: Sixty Discs Were Fabricated; Thirty Of Each Material Was Divided Randomly To Three Sub Groups According To Techniques Of Traditional Polishing, Auto Glaze And Add-on Glaze. All Of Discs Were Subjected To Aging Procedures Of Thermocycling & Subjected To Different Coloring Solutions That Mimic The Conditions Of Oral Cavities Tea, Coffee, Orange Juice, Lemon Juice And Cola . All Discs Were Subjected To Translucency Test Using Portable Intraoral Digital Spectrophotometer (Vita Easy Shade) Against Black & White Backgrounds For Comparison With The Respective Control Groups.

Results: Regarding To Polishing & Glazing Tests Was The Only Significant Test From The Three Way ANOVA (p Value 0.001). Pressed Lithium Di Silicate Discs Were More Translucent In All Subgroups With High Statistical Significance (P Value <0.001). Pressed Lithium Di Silicate Discs Were Non-significant Before And After Emersion In Coloring Solutions And Aging Thermo-cycling Test. (P Value 0.336). Yttrium Stabilized Tetragonal Zirconia Discs Was Non-significant Before And After Emersion In Coloring Solutions And Aging Thermo-cycling Test When Subjected To Auto Glaze. (P Value 0.586). Tetragonal Zirconia Discs Were Significant Before And After Emersion In Coloring Solutions And Aging Thermo-cycling Test When Subjected To Add-on Glaze (P Value 0.175) And Traditional Polishing (P Value 1). Conclusion: It Could Be Concluded From This Study, That Pressed Lithium Di Silicate Was The Material Of Choice When It Comes To Esthetics As It Was More Translucent Than Yttrium Stabilized Tetragonal Zirconia & It Was Resistant To Staining By Food And Drinks, More Over It Was Highly Resistant To Ageing As Proven By Thermocycling.

Mohamed Gamal Hamdy Abddel-Aal, Cherief Adel Mohsen And Shams Waaz Amgad,

ABSTRACT
Statement Of The Problem: Color Stability Of All Ceramic Restorations Cemented In The Oral Cavity Is Point Of Concern For Both Dentist And Patient. The Aim Of This Study Was To Evaluate Color Stability Of Zirconia Ceramic After Being Subjected To Aging.

Materials & Methods: Fifteen Zirconia Samples Were Constructed In The Form Of Discs By Copy Milling. All The Samples Were 5mm In Diameter But With Different Thickness. The Samples Were Divided Into Three Subgroups According To The Thickness Of The Ceramic C1:0.7mm, C2:1mm And C3:1.5mm. Spectrophotometric Measurements Were Made Before Aging And After Aging Where The Samples Were Immersed In Sodium Hypochlorite 1% For 15 Days As Aging And ?E Was Calculated. Data Were Tabulated And Statistically Analyzed Using One-way Analysis Of Variance (ANOVA). Result: The Most Color Change Occurred With 1.5mm Ceramic (?E:15.55?1.46), The 1mm Ceramic Had A Value About (?E: 5.2?1.27), While The Least Color Change Occurred With 0.7mm Ceramic (?E 3?0.82). Conclusion: There Was Increase In The Color Change With The Increase In The Thickness Of The Ceramic. Aging Had Significant Effect On The Color Stability Of Zirconia Ceramic With The Most Color Change Occured With The Higher Ceramic Thickness. Clinical Recommendation: Zirconia Should Not Be Used With A Thickness More Than 0.7mm To Attain Acceptable Color Stability.

Mahmoud Ahmed Kamel, Manal Rafei Hassan And Raiessa Mohammed Hashem,

ABSTRACT

Objectives: The Purpose Of This Study Is To Investigate The Wear Of Recently Used CAD/CAM Ceramics Against Natural Tooth Structure In A Chewing Apparatus.

Materials and Methods: Thirty Rectangular Ceramic Samples (12x14x2) Were Divided Into Three Groups (n=10): Translucent Zirconia (Zr), Lithium Disilicate (e-max) And Hybrid Ceramic (vita Enamic). Natural Human Premolar Cusps Were Used As Antagonists. Ceramic Samples And Premolar Antagonists Were Dynamically Three-body Loaded In A Dual Axis Chewing Simulator With 49 N For 150,000 Loading Cycles. Wear Measurement For Ceramic Samples And Premolar Antagonists Were Calculated Using Weight Loss (gm.), And Surface Roughness Measurements (?m). Data Were Statistically Analyzed With One-way ANOVA Test, Followed By Post-hoc Test Between Groups.

Results: A Significant Difference Was Detected Between The Mean Values Of Weight Loss (gm.) Of The Three Tested Ceramic Materials And Their Premolar Antagonists With The Greatest Weight Loss Detected In Polymer-infiltrated Ceramics (Mean ? SD: 0.0094?0.0028) Followed By Lithium-disilicate ( 0.0032?0.0009) And The Lowest Loss In Zirconia (0.0009?0.0002) And P Value Of (<0.001). For The Premolar Antagonists; The Greatest Loss In The Mean Weight Of Premolar Cusps Was Detected In Cusps Opposing Zirconia (0.0113?0.0018), Followed By Lithium-disilicate (0.0038?0.0009) And The Least Loss Detected In Cusps Opposing Polymer-infiltrated Ceramics (0.0003? 9) And P Value Of (<0.001). A Significant Difference In Surface Roughness (?m) In The Tested Ceramic Samples And In The Antagonistic Premolar Cusps. Surface Roughness Increased After Wear Testing But The Greatest Increase Was Found In Polymer-infiltrated Ceramic Samples (0.0056?0.0008) Followed By Lithium Disilicate (0.0033?0.0009) And The Least Change Was In Zirconia Samples (0.001?0.0003 And P Value Of (<0.001). Surface Roughness Of Zirconia Antagonistic Premolar Cusps Showed The Greatest Increase (0.0042?0.0007) Followed By Lithium-disilicate (0.0024?0.0009), While The Least Increase In Roughness Was In Cusps Opposing Polymer-infiltrated Ceramic Samples (0.0004?0.0001) And P Value Of (<0.001). Conclusion: Zirconia Showed The Best Wear Behavior Followed By Lithium-disilicate And Polymer-infiltrated Ceramics. Polymer-infiltrated Ceramic Is The Most Antagonist-friendly Among Tested Materials.

Hala Khaled Elsayed; Amal Hassan Abdel-Rahman And Dina Soliman Khater,

ABSTRACT
Background: Head And Neck Cancer Among The Most Common Incident Cancers In Men Worldwide.?Early Detection Is The Key To Higher Survival Rate Against This Type Of Cancer. Cytokeratins Are Essential Intracellular Components, Reflecting Distinct Cellular Properties And Differentiation Stages In Epithelial Tissues. The CYFRA 21-1 Assay, Which Is The Soluble Fragment Of Cytokeratin 19, Has Been Proven Capable Of Early Detection Of Epithelial Carcinomas. This Study Was Conducted To Correlate The Immunoexpression Of CK 19 With The Concentration Of Its Salivary Fragments (CYFRA 21-1) For Early Detection Of Induced Dysplastic Changes Prior To Malignant Transformation In Experimental Rat. Conclusion: There Is A Positive Correlation Between CK 19 Immunoexpression In Tissue And The Level Of CYFRA 21-1 In Saliva.

Esraa Khairy Morsy, Enas Anter Abdel Ghafar And Sahar Hosny El Dessouky,

ABSTRACT

Objectives: The Study Aimed To Assess The Accuracy Of Linear Measurements On Three-dimensional (3D) Volume Rendered Images Generated From Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) In Comparison With Two-dimensional Multiplanar Reformatted Slices (2D MPR).

Materials and Methods: 16 Dry Human Skulls Were Scanned Using Planmeca Promax 3D Mid CBCT Machine, 23 Anatomical Landmarks Were Selected And Marked On Each Skull Using Gutta-percha Pieces, 14 Linear Measurements Were Taken Between Them Using Digital Caliper. Using A Third Party Software (In Vivo 5) The Same Linear Measurements Were Assessed On Both 3D VR Images And 2D MPR Ones. The Absolute Measurement Error ?AME Was Assessed For Both Image Types, Then Compared Using Paired T-test.

Results: Paired T- Test Comparison Between ME Values Of Both Image Types Showed That Non-statistical Significant Difference Between Them Expect For MN Width? And ?Me-POG?. Conclusion: Linear Measurements On Both 3D VR And 2D MPR Images Are Reliable And Accurate When Compared With Direct Caliper Measurements With Slight Higher Accuracy In 3D VR Images.

Abdallah Hassan M.; Manal M. Hosny And Rasha Wagih Mostafa,

ABSTRACT

Objectives: To Clinically Evaluate Toothpaste Containing 8% Arginine, Calcium Carbonate And Sodium Mono-fluoro-phosphate In Comparison To Other Containing 8% Strontium Acetate And Sodium Fluoride On The Relief Of DH In Chronic Periodontitis Patients. Methods: 46 Patients With Slight To Moderate Chronic Periodontitis Were Randomly Assigned To One Of Two Groups And Followed Up For 8 Weeks. All Patients Received Full Mouth Mechanical Debridement. Air Blast Test And Cold Water Test Were Assessed Using Schiff Scale And VAS Score Respectively. Clinical Parameters Plaque Index (PLI), Gingival Index (GI), Probing Pocket Depth (PPD), Clinical Attachment Level (CAL) Were Recorded.

Results: Significant Reduction In Median Schiff Scores After Treatment With 33.3% Reduction From Baseline For Both Groups, With No Significant Difference Between Them. For VAS Scores, The Arginine Group Reported Earlier And Significant Improvement In Sensitivity To Cold Water Stimulus That Reached 55%. In The Strontium Group The Onset Of Reduction In Sensitivity Started From Week 3 And Reached 25%. Statistically Significant Difference Between The Two Groups Started From Week 7 Only. Conclusion: The Use Of 8% Arginine Toothpaste Twice Daily For 8 Weeks Produced Earlier And More Significant Reduction In Perception Of DH According To VAS Scores In Chronic Periodontitis Patients. No Significant Difference Between The Two Agents Could Be Detected In Relevance To Changes In PPD, CAL, PLI And GI.

Mohamed Omaia Ahmed, Maged M. Negm, Yousra M. Nashaat, Nehal N. Abdelaziz And Amal S. Othman,

ABSTRACT
Background: The Elimination Of Intracanal Microorganisms Is Essential For The Long-term Success Of Root Canal Treatment. This May Be Achieved By Mechanical Cleaning And Shaping In Conjunction With Irrigation And Antibacterial Agents. The Aim Of This Study Was To Assess The Ability Of Triple Antibiotic Paste With Diclofenac Potassium Anti-inflammatory Drug Versus Calcium Hydroxide Used As Intra-canal Medication In Reducing Intracanal Bacterial Count. Methods: 84 Patients With Asymptomatic Uniradicular Necrotic Teeth Were Randomly Assigned Into Two Groups According To The Intra-canal Medication Used: Calcium Hydroxide Group (CH) And Triple Antibiotic Paste With Diclofenac Potassium Anti-inflammatory Drug Group (TAPC). After Isolation, Access Cavity Was Performed Followed By Chemo-mechanical Preparation Using Rotary Protaper Universal Files With Saline Irrigation. Bacteriological Samples Obtained From The Root Canals Before (S1) And After Instrumentation (S2) In The First Treatment Session. Subsequently, Intra-canal Medication Was Placed And Bacterial Reduction Was Assessed In The Second Session After 3 Days (S3) Using Colony Forming Unit Test.

Results: Both Intracanal Medicaments Showed A Statistically Significant Bacterial Count Reduction From S2 To S3. TAP+Catafast Intracanal Medication Achieved Significant Bacterial Count Reduction Compared To That Of Ca(OH)2. Conclusion: The Use Of Triple Antibiotic Paste With Diclofenac Potassium Anti-inflammatory Drug As Intracanal Medication Was More Effective Than That Of Calcium Hydroxide In Asymptomatic Uniradicular Necrotic Teeth.

Hassan Mohamed Salah ; Manal Mohamed Hosny; Olfat Gameel Shaker And Rasha Wagih Mostafa,

ABSTRACT

Objectives: The Aim Of The Present Study Was To Evaluate The Possible Effect Of Vitamin E Administration As An Adjunct To Scaling And Root Planing On GCF Levels Of Malondialdehyde And Clinical Parameters In Patients With Chronic Periodontitis. The Adjunctive Effect Of Vitamin E Was Compared To Scaling And Root Planing Alone. Methods: Thirty-two Patients With Chronic Periodontitis Participated In This Study. They Received Scaling And Sub Gingival Debridement With Either Administration Of Vitamin E (Group I) Or Placebo (Group II). The Primary Outcome Was To Measure The Level Of Malondialdehyde (MDA) In Gingival Crevicular Fluid (GCF) Using The Quantitative Sandwich ELISA Technique. In Addition, Clinical Parameters Such As PLI,GI, PPD And CAL Were Recorded At Baseline And 3 Months After Treatment. Results The Mean Difference Between Baseline And 3 Months Scores Presented Significant Difference Between The 2 Groups With Respect To CAL And PD. The Test Group Presented More Gain In CAL (0.78mm Versus 0.46mm) And More Reduction In PD (0.81mm Versus 0.41mm). The Test Group Presented Higher Reduction In GCF Level Of MDA 3 Months Posttreatment. However, The Difference Between Groups Did Not Reach Statistical Significance. Conclusion: Scaling And Root Planing Significantly Reduced GCF Levels Of MDA 1 And 3 Months After Treatment Compared To Baseline Values. The Adjunctive Administration Of Vitamin E Produced Higher Reduction In GCF Levels Of MDA 3 Months After Treatment In Comparison To Control Group. The Adjunctive Administration Of Vitamin E Produced More Significant Reduction In Full Mouth Scores For PD And More Significant Gain In Full Mouth Scores For CAL 3 Months After Treatment.

Radwa M. Fayez, Jealan M. El Shafei And Alaa El Baz,

ABSTRACT
Objective: The Objective Of This Study Was To Assess And Compare The Effect Of Calcium Hydroxide/ Nano Silver Particulate Combination Intracanal Medicament Versus Calcium Hydroxide Intracanal Medicament On Postoperative Pain In Cases With Necrotic Pulp. Subject And Methods: Forty Patients With Necrotic Pulp In Anterior Teeth Were Included. After Through Clinical And Radiographic Diagnosis, Patients Were Enrolled Into Two Equal Random Group Each Of 20 Patients. All Caries Were Removed And The Pulp Chamber Was Accessed With Sterile High Speed Carbide Burs Under Sterile Saline Irrigation, Standard Endodontic Treatment Was Performed In Two Visits Using Rotary Nickel Titanium Files For Shaping, 2.5% Sodium Hypochlorite For Cleaning. Using Lentulo Spiral Filler, Medicaments Were Placed Under Aseptic Conditions Into The Canals According To Each Group At The End Of The First Visit, Lateral Condensation Technique With Resin Sealer For Obturation Was Done 7 Days Later. Pain Was Assessed Pre-operatively, Then After 6, 12, 24 And 48 Hours After Root Canals Obturation. Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) Was Used As The Primary Outcome Measure. Patients Were Given Analgesics To Be Administrated In Case Of Emergency. All Demographic Data And NRS Scores Were Collected From The Patients And Statistically Analyzed.

Results: Results Showed That There Was No Statistically Significant Difference In Pain Incidence Between The Two Groups After 6 Hrs. However Combining Pain Categories (mild And Moderate) The Comparison Between 2 Groups Become Statistically Significant. There Was No Significant Difference In Incidence Of Analgesic Intake Between The Two Groups.

Conclusions: Nano Silver Seems To Have A Good Potential To Be Used As An Appropriate Vehicle Of Ca (OH) 2 In Order To Reduce The Incidence Of Post-operative Pain In The First 24 Hours Following Root Canal Treatment.

Nourhan A. El-Maghrabi, Yehia S. Aboushady And Seham A. Hanafy,

ABSTRACT
Objective: The Aim Of This Study Was To Evaluate The Effect Of Sintering, Surface Treatment And Different Types Of Cements On The Shear Bond Strength Of Zirconia-reinforced Lithium Silicate Restorations.

Materials and Methods: Forty Specimens Of Zirconia-reinforced Lithium Silicate Of 10 Mm In Diameter And Thickness Was 2mm Were Randomly Divided Into Two Groups (N=20), One Group Was Cut And One Surface Polished While The Other Group Was Cut And Sintered. Each Group Was Randomly Subdivided According To The Method Of Surface Treatment; One Group Was Sandblasted While The Other Group Was Sandblasted And Etched With Hydrofluoric Acid And Luted To Composite Cylinders By Using Two Types Of Resin Cements: A Dual-curing (Calibra Resin Cement) And Dual-curing (Panavia V5) Adhesive Systems According To The Manufacturer?s Instructions. Specimens Were Thermo-cycled Between 5?C And 55?C In Water For 500 Cycles, Shear Bond Strength Test Was Performed In A Universal Testing Machine At 0.5 Mm/min Until Failure Occurred. All De-bonded Samples Were Examined Under A Stereomicroscope To Identify The Failure Mode.

Results: The Effect Of Type Of Surface Finish (sintered /one Surface Polished) Within The Specimens Showed That Sintered Provided Higher Bond Strength Than One Surface Polished . On Comparing Between The Type Of Surface Treatment Sandblasted Or Sandblasted + Hydrofluoric Acid Etched And Silanation Used In Each Subgroup, The Sandblasted Followed By Hydrofluoric Acid Etched And Silanation Provided Higher Bond Strength Than Sandblasted . Moreover, Calibra Resin Cement Provided Higher Bond Strength Than Panavia V5 Resin Cement.

Conclusions: It Was Concluded That The Type Of Surface Finish, Surface Treatment And Type Of Resin Cement Had A Significant Effect On The Shear Bond Strength Of Zirconia Reinforced Lithium Silicate Ceramics.